Intro to Rome
ROMAN HISTORY TIMELINE
600 BCE The Etruscans establish cities from northern to central Italy
509 BCE Etruscan King run out of Rome
282 BCE War with Pyrrhus (282-272)
264 BCE War with Carthage (First Punic War) (264-241)
218 BCE Hannibal invades Italy
73 BCE Slave uprising led by the gladiator called Spartacus
64 BCE Pompey captures Jerusalem
45 BCE Julius Caesar defeats Pompey to become the first
dictator of Rome. END OF ROMAN REPUBLIC
ROMAN HISTORY TIMELINE
44 BCE Julius Caesar assassinated
44 BCE The Triumvirate of Marc Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian
(later known as Caesar Augustus) become rulers of Rome
27 BCE Octavian becomes Caesar Augustus, the first Roman
emperor until 14AD (Roman Empire lasts 500 years)
Begins “Pax Romana” Roman Peace/Prosperity
lasting 200 years
1 The birth of Jesus Christ
33 CE Crucifixion of Jesus in the Roman province
of Jerusalem and the origin of Christianity
ROMAN HISTORY TIMELINE
180 CE Last good emperor
Roman Empire declines
305 CE Constantine becomes the first Christian emperor
330 CE Roman Empire splits into East and West
476 CE The last Roman Emperor was Romulus Augustulus
who was defeated by Odoacer who was a German
Goth
EASTERN EMPIRE HANGS ON FOR 1,000 YEARS
1453 CE Eastern Empire Falls
Roman Mindset:
Spartan-warlike
Republic:
Government run by the
Senate, or representatives
Empire:
Government run by an
Emperor
Emperor:
Dictator/God
Governor:
Person in charge of a
Roman province
Consul:
Highest ranking General,
Usually in line for Emperorship
LOCATION: Crossroads –Europe, Africa, Asia
Europe
Asia
Africa
Religion: Polytheistic
The Romans borrowed their religious beliefs
from
the
peoples
around
them.
They
worshipped the same spirits worshiped by their
former Etruscan rulers. They also began to
worship the Greek gods, giving them new
Roman
names.
Original founders of
Rome: Romulus and Remus
The story of how this small village named Rome grew into
the most powerful empire in the world is one of war, luck, and
intrigue.
According to legend the city-state of Rome was founded by a
young man named Romulus. Legend says that Romulus built
a wall around his village. When his brother leapt over the
wall, Romulus was upset, and killed him. This legend further
says that Romulus then stated that a
similar fate would befall anyone who
ever tried to break through the walls
of Rome.
.
In the year 620 B.C. the city-state
of Rome was conquered by an
outside group of people known as
the Etruscans. The Etruscans, who
ruled much of Northern Italy, setup
kings in Rome. These kings
belonged to a wealthy family known
as the Tarquins.
The Etruscans ruled Rome for the
next 111 years. During this time,
they built Rome into a very wealthy
city. They taught the Romans how
to use bricks, and tile roofing, how
to design and layout streets and
cities, and how to improve public
works.
Ancient Rome Map Key