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• What electronic commerce (e-commerce) is
• How e-commerce affects the new economy
• About the different e-commerce styles
• About the Internet architectural components required to conduct electronic commerce
• About database design and implementation issues for electronic commerce applications
• What Extensible Markup Language (XML) is and why it is important
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• Definition
– Bring new products, services, or ideas to market
– Support and enhance business operations
(including sales of products/services over the
Web)
• Generally identified with Internet use
• External evidence is corporate Web site
• Prime revenue source
• Not an end in itself
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• Changed business environment
• New economy
• Benefits
– Ability to provide quick and convenient comparison shopping
–
24X7X365 operations
– Global access
– Lower entry barriers
– Increased customer market knowledge
• Disadvantages
– Hidden costs
– Technology is not perfect
– Thin profit margins
– Security, loss of privacy, service levels, and legal issues
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Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel
Figure 14.1
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• Managerial issues
– Establishing partnerships
• Suppliers
• Distributors
• Vendors
– Design and development of business plans
• Technological issues
– Hardware and software
– Well-planned architecture
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Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel
Figure 14.2
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• Internet
• TCP/IP
• Router
• WWW
• Web Page
• HTML
• Hyperlink
• URL
• HTTP
• Web Browser
• Web Server
• Web Site
• Static Web Page
• Dynamic Web Page
• FTP
• E-Mail
• News and Discussion
Group Services
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Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel
Figure 14.3
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• Search Services
• Security
• Site Monitoring and Data Analysis
• Load Testing,
Balancing, and
Web Caching
• Usability Testing
• Personalization
• Web Development
• Database Integration
• Transaction
Processing
• Content Management
• Messaging
• Wireless Device
Support
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• Procedures and technology uses
– Protection against accidental and intentional access
– Warrantee identity of transaction’s participants
• Buyer
• Seller
– Protect transaction data from unauthorized modifications during Internet travel
– Protect resources (data and computer)
• Customers’ personal data
• Privacy issues
• Property against criminal activities
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Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel
Figure 14.4
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• Digital Cash
– Digital equivalent of hard cash
–
Digital certificates verify identity of transaction participants
–
Low transaction costs
– Lack of customer acceptance
• Credit Card purchasing
–
Most common for online purchasing
– Secure Electronic Transaction (SET)
• Electronic wallets
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• Don’t reinvent the wheel
• No need for ‘new’ design techniques
• Scope
–
Facilitate sales of products and services
– Show products and services
–
Conduct basic sales transactions
– Customer service
– Product returns
– Web customer profiling
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• Sell products
– PRODUCT and CUSTOMER Tables
• Customer may place multiple orders
– 1:M relationship between CUSTOMER and ORDER
• Order contains multiple lines
– 1:M relationship between ORDER and ORDLINE
• Order lines refer to one product
– 1:M between PRODUCT and ORDLINE
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• Customer browses catalog by category
– Each PRODUCT belongs to PRODTYPE
• Customer places products in shopping cart
– SHOPCART belongs to one CUSTOMER and references one or more PRODUCTS
• Customer checks out and enters credit card and shipping info
–
Added to ORDER
• After credit card authorization order created
– SHOPCARD used to create ORDER with ORDLINEs
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• Merchant offers shipping options
– SHIPOPTION stores details
• Merchant offers many payment options
– PMTOPTION stores details
• States may have different tax rates
– Stored in STATE and TAXRATE
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• Details for each registered customer
• Some customers prefer not to register
• Primary table contents
– Name and address information
– Login information
– Credit card information
– Billing information
– Shipping information
– Membership type
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• Central entity in DB
• Some customers prefer not to register
• Primary table contents
–
Product details
– URL of image
– Vendor ID
– Reorder
– Pricing
– Alternate item
• May need a PRODOPT table for options within a particular product
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• Contains all customer orders
• After credit card approval order added to table
• One row for each new order
• Primary table contents
–
Order date
– Customer ID
–
Payment and credit card information
– Shipping info
–
Cost info
– Status
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PRODTYPE Table
• Describes product categories
• Multiple levels
• Primary table contents
– Product type name
– Product type parent
ORDLINE Table
Contains items in customer order
One product for each row
Primary table contents
Order ID
Product ID
Quantity
Tax
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SHOPCART Table
• Temporarily store products during shopping activity
• Primary table contents
– Product ID
– Quantity
PMTTYPE Table
Payment information
Primary table contents
Payment name
Merchant ID used by processing systems
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SHIPTYPE Table
• Stores different shipping option names
• Primary table contents
– Shipping name
– Cost
TAXRATE Table
Tax information
Primary table contents
Rate
State for that rate
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STATE Table
• Stores state names
• Primary table contents
– State ID
– State name
PROMOTION Table
Stores information about promotions
Primary table contents
Promotion Name
Promotion details
Promotion pricing and quantity
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PRICEWATCH Table
• Information about particular products customers hope to buy when the price drops
• Primary table contents
– Customer information
– Product information
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PRODPRICE Table
Manages multilevel pricing based on quantity
Primary table contents
Product
Quantity
Pricing information
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• Meta-language
• Represents and manipulates data elements
• Facilitates exchange of structured documents over the Web
• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) published standard definition in 1998
• Allows definition of meta-tags to describe data elements
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• Allows definition of new tags
• Case sensitive
– Tags must be well-formed
– Proper nesting required
• Can use <-- and --> to enter comments
• XML or xml prefixes reserved for XML tags only
• Not a replacement for HTML
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Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel
Figure 14.5
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• File with .dtd extension to describe XML elements
• Provides composition of database’s logical model
• Defines syntax rules for each XML document
• Defines valid tags
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Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel

• Advanced data definition language used to describe structure of XML documents
• Checks for database types
• Validates data for out-of-range values
• XML Schema Definition (XSD) file uses syntax like XML document
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• Specifies rules for display of XML data
• Two parts
– Extensible Style Language Transformation (XSLT)
• General mechanism to extract and process data from one XML document and transform within another
–
XSL style sheets
• Defines presentation rules applied to XML elements
• Describes formatting options for different XML elements
• Limited browser support
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Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel
Figure 14.10
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• B2B exchanges
• Legacy system integration
• Web page development
• Database support
• Database meta-dictionaries
• XML databases
• XML services
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