Nuremberg War Crimes Trial •Leading Nazi’s Tried for Crimes Against Humanity •Revealed the full extent of Nazi atrocities •22 Defendants 12 death sentences Proved crimes committed during war will not go unpunished Goring commits suicide “A Thousand Years will pass & still this guilt of Germany will not be erased” -Hans Frank Slayer of the Poles The only Defendant to express remorse Unparalleled Destruction •Total War •Fought in Europe, N.Africa, East Asia, Atlantic &Pacific •60 Million people died •Europe & Asia lay in ruins •Cost over 2 trillion dollars Defeat of Dictatorships •Germany, Italy, & Japan turned towards Democracy Germany divided into West (Democratic) & East (Communist) Decline of Colonial Powers •African & Asian Colonies desire self determination •Britain, France, could no longer afford to maintain colonies Emergence of Superpowers U.S. & Soviet Union emerge as leading Superpowers •Differences in Viewpoints lead to the Cold War •Democracy Vs. Communism 1945 Birth of The United Nations •International Peace Keeping Organization •General Assembly Members (180) •Maintains peace in the world •Works to eliminate hunger, disease •Promotes Human Rights & economic Development Security Council U.S., USSR, G. Britain, France, China (Permanent Members) *Each has veto power 10 elected temporary members Responsible for deterring aggression Economic Sanctions or military power Germany Divided into 4 Occupational Zones Britain, France, Soviet Union, & U.S. West Germany (Democratic) East Germany (Communist) Berlin also divided into Zones of Occupation Lays groundwork for Cold War