Final Exam Review
Part I. Match these philosophers with a quote or statement: Aristotle, Kant, Mill, Ayer,
Sartre, Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, Rousseau, Early Wittgenstein, Later Wittgenstein.
Part II. Short answer. 1. Know the six character types identified by Aristotle.
2. Know how Kant uses the Categorical Imperative to discern moral duty.
3. Know Mill’s distinction between higher and lower quality pleasures.
4. Know Locke’s distinction between primary and secondary qualities.
5. Know why Sartre thinks essence comes before existence.
Part III. Essay. Choose (a) or (b)
(a) Comparison of Kant and utilitarianism by applying each theory to a moral
dilemma.
(b) Comparing the salvation episodes in Camus and Tolstoy.
Part IV. Multiple Choice.
1. Aristotle on character acquisition.
2. Kant on moral maxims.
3. Kant on moral worth of actions
4. Mill on what makes an action good
5. Mill on the scope of moral obligation.
6. Wittgenstein on the origin of philosophical problems.
7. Sartre on the consequences of God’s non-existence.
8. How Ivan Ilyich found the real thing.
9. Why Meursault thinks nothing matters.
10. Kierkegaard on why objective evidence can’t serve as a basis for religious
belief.