Chapters 1
Introduction
To Chemistry
1
CHAPTER OUTLINE
 What is Chemistry
 Changes in Matter
 Scientific Method
2
WHAT IS
CHEMISTRY?
 Chemistry
Materials ofisthe
theuniverse
science that
can deals
be of with
several
theforms:
materials of the universe, and the changes they
undergo.
Gas: air, oxygen
Liquid: water, gasoline, vinegar,
orange juice
Solid: rock, charcoal, table salt, sugar,
wood
3
CHANGES
IN MATTER
 Burning of charcoal
charcoal + oxygen  carbon dioxide
 Burning of gasoline
Gasoline + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water
+

+
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CHANGES
IN MATTER
 Fermentation of grape juice
glucose  ethyl alcohol +carbon dioxide
 Souring of wine
Ethyl alcohol + oxygen  acetic acid
+

isopropyl alcohol
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SCIENTIFIC
METHOD
 The scientific method is a process of creative
thinking and testing aimed at objective and
verifiable discoveries.
 It is generally composed of the following steps:
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SCIENTIFIC
METHOD
OBSERVATION
NATURAL LAW
Observations concurred
by many.
HYPOTHESIS
Facts that
our ideas
must explain
EXPERIMENT
MODEL
(THEORY)
Scientific guess
orConceptual
proposal that
assumptions
explainsthat
explain
datatofrom
Procedure
test
observations
Predicts
related
experiments.
hypothesis.
phenomena
Measures
one
variable at a time
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SCIENTIFIC
METHOD
OBSERVATION
Theory
modified if
additional
experiments do
not support it
HYPOTHESIS
EXPERIMENT
Hypothesis is
changed if
experiments
do not
support it.
MODEL
(THEORY)
8
Success as a Beginning
Chemist
 You must be curious and imaginative.
 Be willing to do calculations.
 Be committed to learning the
material.
 Do your homework.
THE END
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