TOPIC: Nervous System
Aim: Describe the CNS and PNS.
Do Now:
1. Take out your Central Nervous System ISA.
2. Copy the Topic, Aim and HW.
3. With your neighbor, DISCUSS the answers to
questions 1 – 4 on the next slide.
HW: Ditto - Nervous System Review #’s 1 – 3 (back
of Nervous System Introduction worksheet)
X
1. Identify the area labeled X. Synapse
2. Identify the pink structures released into area X.Neurotransmitters
3. Identify the structures that the pink substances attach to.
Receptors
4. In one sentence, describe what is occurring in this animation.
The impulse is traveling across the synapse.
2 parts
of the
nervous
system
• Central Nervous System:
– Brain and spinal cord
• Peripheral Nervous
System:
– All nerves that
branch off the spinal
cord
Watch the video to answer the following
questions:
1. Identify the type of neuron found in the
CNS.
2. Identify the TWO types of neurons found
in the PNS.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOKDsy3xjMs
INTERNEURONS
SENSORY NEURONS
MOTOR NEURONS
SENSORY NEURON
MOTOR NEURON
• Central Nervous System:
– Brain and spinal cord
– INTERNEURONS
• Peripheral Nervous
System:
– All nerves that
branch of the spinal
cord
– SENSORY and
MOTOR neurons
•
Cerebrum
Brain
• Cerebellum
• Medulla Oblongata
Parts of the Brain
Medulla
• Allows us to
have thoughts,
emotions,
memories, and
imagination
• Responsible for
our SENSES
Receives impulses from
skin
Receives
impulses from
eyes
Important for memory,
receives impulses from
ears
Reasoning,
planning,
speech,
movement,
emotions,
problem
solving
In Alzheimer’s
disease, unusual
proteins build up in
and around
neurons in the
parts of the brain
that control
memory. When
these neurons die,
people lose their
capacity to
remember and
their ability to do
everyday tasks.
• Balance and coordination
• Controls our
INVOLUNTARY
actions and
reflexes
Did you know…
• An average adult male brain weighs
about 1375 grams. An average adult
female brain is about 1275 grams.
• Only four percent of the brain's cells
work while the remaining cells
are kept in reserve.
Did you know…
• The human brain alone consists of
about a 100 billion neurons. If all
these neurons were to be lined up, it
would form a 600 mile long line.
• As we get older, the brain loses
almost one gram per year.
• In humans, the right side of the
brain controls the left side of the
body, while the left side of the brain
controls the right side.
Identify the structure that protects your
brain.
• Skull
• Cranium
protects
the brain
Spinal
Cord
• How the brain
communicates
with body
• Protected by
VERTEBRAE
Did you know…
•There are about 13,
500,00 neurons in the
human spinal cord.
Path of
an
impulse
through
the body
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Receptor
Sensory neurons (PNS)
Interneurons (CNS)
Motor neurons (PNS)
Effector
Amyotrophic Lateral
Sclerosis (ALS)
Lou Gehrig’s disease is
a rapidly progressive,
fatal neurological disease
that attacks the neurons
responsible for controlling
voluntary muscles such
as those in the arms,
legs, and face. The
disease belongs to a
group of disorders known
as motor neuron
diseases, which are
characterized by the
gradual degeneration and
death of motor neurons.
Review:
1. Identify the two divisions of the nervous
system. Central and peripheral nervous systems.
2. Identify the structures that make up the CNS.
Brain and spinal cord
3. Identify the kinds of neurons makeup the
CNS. Interneurons
4. Identify the kinds of neurons makeup the PNS.
cerebrum,
Sensory and motor neurons
cerebellum,
5. Identify the main parts of the brain. medulla
6. Identify the structures that protect the spinal
cord. Vertebrae
7. Identify the path of an impulse when it travels
through the body. receptor, sensory neuron, interneurons,
motor neuron , effector
The diagram below represents two neurons.
1. Identify the space in between nerve cell X and Y. synapse
2. Identify substance A. neurotransmitters
3. Identify the part of the neuron that releases substance A.
terminal branches
4. Identify the structure on nerve cell Y that substance A attaches
to. receptors
5. What happens if substance A was not released?
The impulse will not travel to the next neuron.
Reflex
Arc
PNS
SPINAL CNS
CORD
PNS
• http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/flash/
comic.html
Compare and
contrast the CNS and
PNS.
BOTH the CNS and PNS consist
of neurons.
The CNS consists of the brain
and spinal cord. The PNS
consists of all nerves extending
from the spinal cord.
The CNS consists of
INTERNEURONS. The PNS
consists of sensory and motor
neurons.