National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Strand and Element abbreviations
Reasoning
= Developing numerical reasoning
Number
= Using number skills
Measuring
= Using measuring skills
Data
= Using data skills
Identify
Represent
Review
Number facts
Fractions, etc.
Calculate
Estimate
Money
Length, etc.
Time
Temperature
Area etc.
Data
= Identify processes and connections
= Represent and communicate
= Review
= Use number facts and relationships
= Fractions, decimals, percentages and ratio
= Calculate using mental and written methods
= Estimate and check
= Manage money
= Length, weight/mass, capacity
= Time
= Temperature
= Area and volume / Angle and position
= Collect and record data / Present and analyse data / Interpret results
Text omitted from skills
In some instances, only part of a skill will be covered in an Abacus Evolve week. For example, in Abacus Evolve Year 1 Week 8, learners subtract one 1-digit number from
another. The skill that most closely matches this is Using number skills > Calculate using mental and written methods > add and subtract numbers involving up to 10 objects. But
since the addition part isn’t covered in this week, the skill is presented as follows:
 [add and] subtract numbers involving up to 10 objects
‘Begin to’ objectives
Abacus Evolve has lots of small objectives, and some are stepping stones on the way towards more ‘milestone’ objectives. In some weeks, learners are likely to be working
towards a skill, rather than fully ‘mastering’ it. We have indicated these instances by prefacing the skill with [Begin to]. For example, in Abacus Evolve Year 3 Week 21, learners
are beginning to round 3-digit numbers to the nearest 100 and 10. The equivalent skill from Year 4 is presented as follows:
 [Begin to] estimate by rounding to the nearest 10 or 100
Numerical reasoning skills
In Abacus Evolve, numerical reasoning is embedded throughout. (For example: whole-class investigations; extension suggestions on workbook pages; ‘Owls’ and ‘Explores’ on
textbook pages; group activities; interactive problem solving and speaking and listening activities.) We don’t list ‘using and applying’-type objectives in the teaching plans,
because we would run out of space! For the same reason, we haven’t included the Developing numerical reasoning skills in these charts.
Abacus Evolve weeks with no matching skills
There are some weeks of Abacus Evolve for which there are no relevant skills. However, this doesn’t mean that those weeks don’t need to be taught. Not every element of the
National Curriculum mathematics programme of study is included in the LNF, but you will still need to cover the curriculum in full.
Last updated: 6th August 2013
Page 1 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
1
Block
A1.a
Summary
Y5 Read and write
numbers;
Y6 Multiply by 10,
100, 1000
Objectives




A1.b
Y5 Compare and
order numbers;
Y6 Divide by 10,
100, 1000






Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
5
Y5: Read and write whole numbers in figures and
words, and know what each digit represents
5
Y6: Multiply any integer by 10, 100 or 1000 and
understand the effect
Y6: Recognise that multiplying by 100 is equivalent to
multiplying by 10, then by 10 again
Y6: Multiply decimal numbers by 10, 100 or 1000
Number
Number facts

read and write numbers to 100 000
Number
Number facts

multiply [and divide] numbers and decimals by 10 and
100
4
Number
Number facts

compare and estimate with numbers up to 1000
5
Number
Number facts

[multiply and] divide numbers and decimals by 10 and
100
Y5: Use the vocabulary of comparing and ordering
numbers, including symbols such as <, >, =
Y5: Order a set of integers less than 1 million
Y5: Say one or more numbers lying between two
given numbers (revise)
Y6: Divide any integer by 10, 100 or 1000, and
understand the effect
Y6: Recognise that dividing by 100 is equivalent to
dividing by 10, then by 10 again
Y6: Divide decimal numbers by 10 or 100
Page 2 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
2
Block
A1.c
Summary
Know multiplication
facts up to 10 × 10
and derive division
facts
Objectives







A1.d
Divide to give

fraction or decimal
quotients, and round 
up or down



Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Element
Skill
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables for
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 and use to solve division
problems
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables up to
10 x 10 and use to solve division problems
3–6
Reasoning
Review

interpret answers within the context of the problem and
consider whether answers [including calculator,
analogue and digital displays] are sensible
5
Number
Fractions, etc. 
5
Y5: Know by heart all multiplication facts up to
10 × 10
Y5: Derive quickly division facts corresponding to
multiplication facts up to 10 × 10
6
Y5: Use the relationship between multiplication and
division to multiply and divide mentally
Y5: Recognise that from one multiplication or division
fact, others can be found
Y6: Consolidate knowing by heart multiplication facts
up to 10 × 10
Y6: Continue to derive quickly division facts
corresponding to multiplication facts up to 10 × 10
Y6: Use the relationship between multiplication and
division to multiply and divide mentally
Y5: Rehearse the concept of a remainder, when
dividing
Y5: Begin to express a quotient as a fraction, or as a
decimal when dividing an integer by 2, 4, 5 or 10, or
when dividing £.p
Y5: Round up or down after division, depending on
the context (revise)
Y6: Express a quotient as a fraction, or as a decimal
rounded to one decimal place
Y6: Consolidate rounding up or down after division,
depending on the context
Strand
use understanding of simple fraction and decimal
equivalences when measuring and calculating, e.g. ½ =
0.5, 1⁄10 = 0.1
Page 3 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
3
Block
B1.a
Summary
Objectives
Explore properties of 
odd and even
numbers




B1.b
Y5 Construct
number sequences;
Y6 Find common
multiples






4
B1.c
Explore properties of 
2D shapes and

parallel and
perpendicular lines


B1.d
Classify triangles
and quadrilaterals



Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
No matching skills
Y5: Make general statements about odd or even
numbers, including their sums and differences
Y5: Use knowledge of sums or differences of
odd/even numbers to check calculations
Y6: Rehearse the properties of odd and even
numbers, including their sums and differences
Y6: Use knowledge of sums, differences, or products
of odd/even numbers to check results of calculations
Y6: Recognise the properties of odd and even
numbers, including their products
Y5: Construct number sequences
Y5: Recognise and explain patterns and
relationships, generalise and predict
Y5: Recognise and extend number sequences
formed by counting from any number in steps of
constant size, extending beyond zero when counting
back, including decimals
Y6: Recognise multiples of numbers up to the tenth
multiple, and beyond
Y6: Find common multiples of two or three numbers
Y6: Find the smallest common multiple of two or
three numbers
Skill
5
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables for
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 and use to solve division
problems
6
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables up to
10 x 10 and use to solve division problems
Y5: Recognise properties of rectangles
Y5: Recognize parallel and perpendicular lines; use
rulers and/or set squares
Y6: Use the terms ‘parallelogram’, ‘rhombus’ and
‘trapezium’
Y6: Begin to know the properties of parallelograms,
rhombuses and trapezia
No matching skills
Y5: Classify triangles, using criteria such as equal
sides, equal angles, lines of symmetry
Y6: Begin to use the term ‘kite’
Y6: Classify quadrilaterals, using criteria such as
parallel sides, equal sides, equal angles
No matching skills
Page 4 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
5
Block
C1.a
C1.b
Summary
Construct and
interpret frequency
tables, pictograms
and bar graphs
Construct and
interpret bar line
graphs and grouped
bar graphs
Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Objectives








Year
Strand
Element
Skill
5–6
Data
Data

represent data using:
– [lists, tally charts, tables, diagrams and] frequency
tables
– bar charts, grouped data charts [, line graphs and
conversion graphs]
5–6
Data
Data

extract and interpret information from an increasing
range of diagrams, timetables and graphs [(including
pie charts)]
5–6
Y5: Organise and interpret data represented in bar
line graphs
Y5: Begin to find the mode of a set of data
Y6: Group discrete data in equal intervals
Y6: Construct a grouped frequency table
Y6: Draw and interpret a bar graph based on grouped 5–6
data
Data
Data

represent data using:
 [lists, tally charts, tables, diagrams and] frequency
tables
 bar charts, grouped data charts, line graphs [and
conversion graphs]
Data
Data

extract and interpret information from an increasing
range of diagrams, timetables and graphs [(including
pie charts)]
5–6
Data
Data

use [mean, median,] mode [and range] to describe a
data set
Y5: Draw and interpret frequency tables, pictograms
and bar graphs
Y6: Group discrete data in equal intervals
Y6: Construct a grouped frequency table
Page 5 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
6
Block
C1.c
Summary
Objectives
Use and convert

standard metric units
of length, know

imperial units of
length








C1.d
Use and convert

standard metric units
of weight, know

imperial units of
weight








Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
Y5: Suggest suitable units and measuring equipment
to estimate or measure length
Y5: Convert from one larger metric unit of length to
another smaller unit
Y5: Measure and draw lines to the nearest millimetre
Y5: Know imperial units of length: miles
Y5: Know the equivalent of ½, ¼ , ¾ ,1/10, 1/100 of
1 km, 1 m, in m, cm
Y5: Use, read and write standard metric units of
length: mm, cm, m, km
Y6: Use, read and write standard metric units of
length: mm, cm, m, km
Y6: Suggest suitable units and measuring equipment
to estimate or measure length
Y6: Convert from one smaller metric unit of length to
another larger unit
Y6: Understand the relationship between imperial and
metric units of length
3–6
Reasoning
Identify

select and use suitable instruments and units of
measurement
5
Measuring
Length, etc.

use measuring instruments with 10 equal divisions
between each major unit, and record using decimal
notation, e.g. 4.2cm, 1.3kg
5
Measuring
Length, etc.

make use of conversions, e.g. ¼ of a km = 250m
6
Measuring
Length, etc.

read and interpret scales or divisions on a range of
measuring instruments
6
Measuring
Length, etc.

record measurements in different ways,
e.g. 1.3kg = 1kg 300g
6
Measuring
Length, etc.

use the language of imperial units in daily use, e.g.
miles, pints
Y5: Use, read and write standard metric units of
weight: kg, g
Y5: Record estimates and readings from weighing
scales
Y5: Suggest suitable units and measuring equipment
to estimate or measure weight
Y5: Convert from one larger metric unit of weight to
another smaller unit
Y5: Know the equivalent of ½, ¼ , ¾ ,1/10, 1/100 of
1 kg in g
Y6: Use, read and write standard metric units of
weight: kg, g
Y6: Record estimates and readings from weighing
scales
Y6: Suggest suitable units and measuring equipment
to estimate or measure weight
Y6: Convert from one smaller metric unit of weight to
another larger unit
Y6: Understand the relationship between imperial and
metric units of weight
3–6
Reasoning
Identify

select and use suitable instruments and units of
measurement
5
Measuring
Length, etc.

use measuring instruments with 10 equal divisions
between each major unit, and record using decimal
notation, e.g. 4.2cm, 1.3kg
5
Measuring
Length, etc.

make use of conversions, e.g. ¼ of a km = 250m
6
Measuring
Length, etc.

read and interpret scales or divisions on a range of
measuring instruments
6
Measuring
Length, etc.

record measurements in different ways, e.g. 1.3kg =
1kg 300g
6
Measuring
Length, etc.

use the language of imperial units in daily use, e.g.
miles, pints
Page 6 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
7
Block
D1.a
Summary
Y5 Recognise
reflective symmetry;
Y6 Measure and
draw angles
Objectives







D1.b
Y5 Rehearse

names, properties of
2D shapes;

Y6 Calculate angles
in a triangle





Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
7
Y5: Understand the terms ‘reflective symmetry’ and
‘axis of symmetry’
Y5: Recognise reflective symmetry in regular
polygons
Y5: Recognise where a shape will be after reflection
in a mirror line parallel to one side
Y5: Complete symmetrical patterns with two lines of
symmetry at right angles
Y6: Use a protractor to measure and draw acute and
obtuse angles to the nearest degree
Y6: Consolidate the estimation of an angle in degrees
Y6: Measure and calculate angles at a point
Y5: Rehearse the names and properties of common
3D shapes
Y5: Rehearse the terms ‘polyhedron’, ‘tetrahedron’
and begin to use ‘octahedron’
Y5: Visualise 3D shapes from 2D drawings and
identify different nets of 3D shapes
Y6: Calculate angles in a triangle
Y6: Make and investigate a general statement about
familiar numbers or shapes by finding examples that
satisfy it
Y6: Recognise and explain patterns and
relationships, generalise and predict
Y6: Recognise that the sum of the angles of a triangle
is 180 degrees
Strand
Measuring
Element
Area, etc.
Skill

measure and draw angles
No matching skills
Page 7 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
8
Block
D1.c
Summary
Objectives
Y5 Derive pairs to

100;
Y6 Add/subtract near 
multiples of 10, 100,
1000





D1.d
Y5 Find differences;
Y6 Use mental
subtraction
strategies





Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
6
Y5: Continue to derive quickly pairs of numbers that
total 100
Y5: Continue to derive quickly pairs of multiples of 50
that total 1000
Y5: Derive quickly pairs of 2-digit decimals that total
10
Y6: Add several numbers
Y6: Check the sum of several numbers by adding in
reverse order
Y6: Add or subtract the nearest multiple of 10, 100 or
1000, then adjust
Y6: Add and subtract 0.9, 1.9, 2.9, … or 1.1, 2.1, 3.1,
… by adding or subtracting 1, 2, 3, … then adjusting
Number
Calculate

add and subtract numbers using whole numbers and
decimals
4
Number
Calculate

find differences within 1000
5
Number
Calculate

find differences between numbers with 1 decimal place
5
Number
Calculate

add and subtract 3-digit numbers using an appropriate
mental [or written] method
Y5: Find differences by counting on through the next
multiple of 10, 100 or 1000
Y5: Find what to add to a 3-digit number to make the
next higher multiple of 100
Y6: Recognise that there are several different mental
subtraction strategies
Y6: Continue to find differences by counting on
Y6: Use known number facts and place value to
consolidate mental subtraction
Page 8 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
9
Block
E1.a
Summary
Double and halve
integers to 100,
multiples of 10 and
100, and decimals
Objectives







E1.b
Double multiples of
10 and 100; multiply
using
doubling/halving






Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
Y5: Derive doubles of integers up to 100 and 2-digit
decimals and their corresponding halves
Y5: Double or halve 2-digit numbers by doubling or
halving the tens first
Y5: Identify near doubles using known doubles,
including decimals
Y6: Double or halve the most significant digit first
Y6: Consolidate the derivation of doubles of multiples
of 10 to 1000, and the corresponding halves
Y6: Consolidate the derivation of doubles of multiples
of 100 to 10 000, and the corresponding halves
Y6: Derive doubles of 2-digit numbers, e.g. 3.8 × 2,
0.76 × 2, and the corresponding halves
No matching skills
Y5: Derive doubles of multiples of 10 to 1000, and the
corresponding halves
Y5: Derive doubles of multiples of 100 to 10 000, and
the corresponding halves
Y5: Use known number facts and place value to
multiply or divide mentally
Y6: Consolidate the use of doubling and halving to
help multiply
Y6: Use doubling or halving to find new facts from
known facts
Y6: Halve/double one number in the calculation, find
the product, then double/halve it
No matching skills
Page 9 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
10
Block
Summary
Objectives
E1.c
Change an improper 
fraction to a mixed
number, and vice

versa

E1.d
Recognise
equivalent fractions,
convert/
reduce/compare/ord
er fractions








11
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
No matching skills
Y5: Use fraction notation, including mixed numbers,
and the vocabulary ‘numerator’ and ‘denominator’
Y5: Change an improper fraction to a mixed number,
and vice versa
Y6: Consolidate changing an improper fraction to a
mixed number, and vice versa
Y5: Recognise when two simple fractions are
equivalent
Y5: Relate tenths and hundredths
Y5: Solve simple problems involving proportion
Y5: Order fractions and position them on a number
line
Y5: Estimate simple proportions such as one third,
seven tenths
Y6: Reduce a fraction to its simplest form by
cancelling common factors in the numerator and
denominator
Y6: Order fractions by converting them to fractions
with a common denominator
Y6: Recognise relationships between fractions, e.g.
1/
1
16 is half of /8
Skill
5
Number
Fractions, etc. 
use doubling and halving strategies when working with
simple proportions
6
Number
Fractions, etc. 
[Begin to] use simple ratio and proportion
A2.a
Round to the nearest 
10, 100 or 1000


5
Y5: Round any integer up to 10 000 to the nearest
10, 100 or 1000
Y5: Make and justify estimates of large numbers
Y6: Round any integer to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000
Number
Estimate

estimate by rounding to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000
A2.b
Use decimal notation 
and round to nearest 
whole number or
tenth


Y5: Use decimal notation for tenths and hundredths
Y5: Know what each digit represents in a number
with up to two decimal places
Y5: Order a set of decimal numbers
Y6: Consolidate rounding a number with two decimal
places to the nearest whole number
Y6: Round a number with two decimal places to the
nearest tenth
5
Number
Number facts

compare numbers with 1 and 2 decimal places
5
Number
Fractions, etc. 
6
Number
Number facts

read and write numbers to [1 million and numbers to] 3
decimal places
6
Number
Estimate

estimate by rounding to the nearest [10,100,1000 or]
whole number

Last updated: 6th August 2013
use understanding of simple fraction and decimal
equivalences when measuring and calculating, e.g. ½ =
0.5, 1⁄10 = 0.1
Page 10 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
12
Block
A2.c
Summary
Y5 Multiply/divide
integers by 10/100;
Y6 Extend decimal
notation
Objectives







A2.d
Y5 Recognise
multiples and
common multiples;
Y6 Find factors






Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill

Y5: Multiply or divide any integer up to 10 000 by 10
or 100 and understand the effect
Y5: Use known number facts and place value to
multiply or divide mentally
Y5: Multiply decimals by 10, 100 or 1000
Y6: Use decimal notation for tenths, hundredths and
thousandths
Y6: Know what each digit represents in a number
with up to three decimal places
Y6: Order a mixed set of decimal numbers with up to
three decimal places
Y6: Say a decimal number lying between two others
5
Number
Number facts
5
Number
Fractions, etc. 
6
Number
Number facts

read and write numbers to [1 million and numbers to] 3
decimal places
Y5: Recognise and explain patterns and
relationships, generalise and predict
Y5: Recognise multiples of numbers up to the tenth
multiple
Y5: Begin to understand the concept of common
multiples
Y6: Recognise and explain patterns and
relationships, generalise and predict
Y6: Consolidate finding all the pairs of factors of any
number up to 100
Y6: Recognise that a number with an odd number of
factors is a square number
5
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables for
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 and use to solve division
problems
6
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables up to
10 x 10 and use to solve division problems
7
Number
Number facts

[Begin to] use the terms square [and square root]
multiply and divide numbers and decimals by 10 and
100
use understanding of simple fraction and decimal
equivalences when measuring and calculating, e.g. ½ =
0.5, 1⁄10 = 0.1
Page 11 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
13
Block
B2.a
Summary
Multiply by
partitioning
Objectives






B2.b
Multiply using

doubling and halving
and related facts




14
B2.c
Read and plot
coordinates



B2.d
Y5 Rehearse 2D
shapes;
Y6 Explore 3D
shapes







Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
Y5: Continue to multiply TU × U by partitioning into T
and U
Y5: Use known number facts and place value to
multiply or divide mentally
Y5: Begin to use brackets
Y6: Use known number facts and place value to
consolidate mental multiplication and division
Y6: Use brackets
Y6: Multiply by partitioning, e.g. 87 × 6 = (80 × 6)
+ (7 × 6), 3.4 × 3 = (3 × 3) + (0.4 × 3)
4
Number
Calculate

use mental strategies to multiply and divide
2-digit numbers by a single digit number
Y5: Use doubling or halving to find new facts from
known facts
Y5: Multiply two numbers by halving one and
doubling the other
Y6: Continue to multiply using closely related facts
Y6: Develop higher multiplication tables, e.g. the ×17
table from the ×10 and ×7 tables
Y6: Multiply by numbers near 50, 100 by multiplying
by 50, 100 and adjusting
6
Number
Number facts

multiply numbers and decimals by a multiple of 10, e.g.
15 x 30, 1.4cm x 20
Y5: Read and plot coordinates in the first quadrant
Y5: Recognise where a shape will be after a
translation
Y6: Read and plot coordinates in all quadrants
5
Measuring
Area, etc.

use coordinates to specify location
6
Measuring
Area, etc.

use grid references to specify location
Y5: Rehearse the names and properties of common
2D shapes
Y5: Rehearse regular and irregular polygons
Y5: Know the meaning of ‘diagonal’ of a polygon
Y6: Recognise parallel and perpendicular faces and
edges on 3D shapes
Y6: Rehearse the terms ‘polyhedron’, ‘tetrahedron’,
‘octahedron’ and begin to use ‘dodecahedron’
Y6: Visualise 3D shapes from 2D drawings and
identify different nets for a closed cube
Y6: Accurately make and draw shapes
No matching skills
Page 12 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
15
Block
C2.a
Summary
Calculate areas of
rectangles and
compound shapes
Objectives







C2.b
Y5 Find perimeters

of rectangles;
Y6 Find areas of

right-angled triangles



Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
Y5: Understand area measured in square centimetres 5
Y5: Explain a generalised relationship (formula) in
words
6
Y5: Understand and use the formula in words ‘length
× breadth’ for the area of a rectangle
Y6: Calculate the area of compound shapes that can
be split into rectangles
Y6: Calculate the surface area of a box, where the
faces are rectangles
Y6: Estimate the area of an irregular shape by
counting squares
Y6: Develop from explaining a generalised
relationship in words to express it in a formula using
letters as symbols
Measuring
Area, etc.

calculate, estimate and compare the area of squares
and rectangles using standard units
Measuring
Area, etc.

calculate the area of squares and rectangles
5
Y5: Explain a generalised relationship (formula) in
words
6
Y5: Understand, measure and calculate perimeters of
rectangles
7
Y5: Understand, measure and calculate perimeters of
regular polygons
Y6: Calculate the area of a right-angled triangle by
considering it as half a rectangle
Y6: Develop from explaining a generalised
relationship in words to express it in a formula using
letters as symbols
Measuring
Length, etc.

measure perimeters
Measuring
Area, etc.

calculate the area of squares and rectangles
Measuring
Area, etc.

[Begin to] use formulae for the area of rectangles and
triangles
Page 13 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
16
Block
C2.c
Summary
Y5 Use and convert
units of time;
Y6 Find mean,
median, and mode
Objectives






C2.d
Y5 Use 24-hour
digital times;
Y6 Construct and
use conversion
graphs





Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
Y5: Use, read and write units of time (including
decade, millennium, leap year)
Y5: Know the number of days in each month
Y5: Convert from one unit of time to another
Y6: Find the mode and range of a set of data
Y6: Begin to find the median and mean of a set of
data
Y6: Calculate different types of average for a set of
data
5–6
Data
Data

use mean, median, mode and range to describe a data
set
Y5: Read the time on a 24-hour digital clock and use
24-hour clock notation
Y5: Use timetables
Y6: Calculate different types of average for a set of
data
Y6: Construct and interpret line graphs in which
intermediate values have meaning
Y6: Construct and interpret a conversion graph
5
Measuring
Time

read and use analogue and digital clocks
5–6
Data
Data

represent data using:
 [bar charts, grouped data charts,] line graphs and
conversion graphs
5–6
Data
Data

extract and interpret information from an increasing
range of [diagrams,] timetables and graphs [(including
pie charts)]
6
Measuring
Time

use and interpret timetables [and schedules to plan
events and activities and make calculations as part of
the planning process]
Page 14 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
17
Block
D2.a
Summary
Y5 Add 1-digit
numbers/multiples of
10;
Y6 Add/subtract
decimals
Objectives





D2.b
Y5 Add/subtract
mentally;
Y6 Add numbers
using standard
methods






Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
6
Y5: Continue to add several 1-digit numbers
Y5: Add several multiples of 10
Y5: Use known number facts and place value for
mental addition and subtraction
Y6: Mentally add or subtract a pair of decimal
numbers, each less than 1 and with up to two decimal
places
Y6: Find what to add to a decimal with units, tenths
and hundredths to make the next higher whole
number or tenth
Number
Calculate

add and subtract numbers using whole numbers and
decimals
5
Y5: Use known number facts and place value for
mental addition and subtraction
Y5: Partition numbers into H, T and U, adding the
6
most significant digit first
Y5: Develop further the relationship between addition
and subtraction
Y5: Recognise that from one addition or subtraction
fact, three other related facts can be found
Y6: Consolidate adding two or more integers less
than 10 000 using standard written methods
Y6: Consolidate estimating by approximating an
addition of two or more integers, less than 10 000,
then checking result
Number
Calculate

add and subtract 3-digit numbers using an appropriate
mental [or written] method
Number
Calculate

add and subtract numbers using whole numbers [and
decimals]
Page 15 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
18
Block
D2.c
Summary
Y5 Add near
multiples of 10;
Y6 Recognise
square numbers
Objectives








D2.d
Y5 Add and subtract 
decimal numbers;
Y6 Explore number 
sequences






19
E2.a
E2.b
Multiply HTU×U and
ThHTU×U using
informal and
standard methods

Y5 Multiply TU×TU;
Y6 Find fractions of
amounts


Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales


Year
Strand
Element
Skill
Y5: Add near multiples of 10 and 100 to 2- and
3-digit numbers
Y5: Partition numbers into H, T and U, adding the
most significant digit first
Y6: Know squares of numbers to at least 12 × 12
Y6: Derive squares of multiples of 10
Y6: Calculate squares of larger numbers
Y6: Check with the inverse operation when using a
calculator
Y6: Develop calculator skills and use a calculator
effectively
Y6: Begin to find a number that has a given square,
i.e. its square root
5
Number
Calculate

add [and subtract] 3-digit numbers using an appropriate
mental or written method
6
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables up to
10 x 10 and use to solve division problems
7
Number
Number facts

use the terms square and square root
Y5: Mentally add or subtract a pair of decimal
numbers, crossing units or tenths
Y5: Use known number facts and place value for
mental addition and subtraction of decimals
Y5: Find what to add to a decimal to make the next
whole number
Y6: Recognise and extend number sequences
Y6: Explore patterns created by number sequences
Y6: Recognise and explain patterns and
relationships, generalise and predict
Y6: Begin to recognise triangular numbers
Y6: Count on or back in steps of 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, 0.5…
5
Number
Money

add and subtract totals less than £100 using correct
notation, e.g. £28.18 + £33.45
6
Number
Calculate

add and subtract numbers using whole numbers and
decimals
5
Y5: Rehearse multiplying HTU × U using informal
written methods
Y5: Multiply HTU × U using standard written methods
Y6: Multiply ThHTU × U using standard written
methods
Number
Calculate

multiply [and divide] 3-digit numbers by a single-digit
number
5
Number
Fractions, etc. 
6
Number
Calculate
Y5: Multiply TU × TU using standard written methods
Y6: Use a fraction as an ‘operator’ to find fractions,
including tenths and hundredths, of numbers and
quantities

calculate fractional quantities, e.g. 1⁄8 of 24 = 3, so 5⁄8 of
24 = 15
multiply 2- [and 3-] digit numbers by a 2-digit number
Page 16 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
20
Block
E2.c
Summary
Objectives
Understand and use 
relationship between 
fractions and
decimals




E2.d
Know and apply
tests of divisibility






Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill

5
Y5: Relate fractions to division
Y5: Use division to find fractions, including tenths and
5
hundredths of numbers and quantities
Y6: Consolidate recognition of equivalence between
fractions and decimals
Y6: Order a mixed set of decimal numbers with up to
three decimal places
Y6: Convert a fraction to a decimal using division
Y6: Key in fractions on a calculator, recognising the
equivalent decimal form
Number
Number facts
Number
Fractions, etc. 
Y5: Know and apply tests of divisibility by 2, 4, 5, 10 5
and 100
Y5: Make and investigate a general statement about
familiar numbers or shapes by finding examples that
6
satisfy it
Y6: Consolidate knowledge of tests of divisibility by 2,
4, 5, 10 and 100
7
Y6: Know and apply tests of divisibility by 3, 6 and 9
Y6: Use tests of divisibility to estimate and check
results of calculations
Y6: Know and apply tests of divisibility by 8 and 25
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables for
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 and use to solve division
problems
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables up to
10 x 10 and use to solve division problems
Number
Estimate

[Begin to] use a range of strategies to check
calculations including [the use of inverse operations,
equivalent calculations and] the rules of divisibility
compare numbers with 1 and 2 decimal places
use understanding of simple fraction and decimal
equivalences when measuring and calculating, e.g. ½ =
0.5, 1⁄10 = 0.1
Page 17 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
21
Block
A3.a
Summary
Use and order
positive and
negative numbers
Objectives







A3.b
Y5 Round decimal
numbers;
Y6 Find simple
percentages





22
A3.c
Y5 Multiply using
known facts;
Y6 Multiply HTU ×
TU





A3.d
Multiply U·t × U and
U·th × U using
standard and
informal methods





Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
5–6
Measuring
Temperature

calculate temperature differences, including those
involving temperature rise and fall
across 0°C
5–6
Y5: Round a number with one decimal place to the
nearest whole number
Y5: Round a number with two decimal places to the
nearest whole number
6
Y6: Understand percentage as the number of parts in
every 100
Y6: Find simple percentages of small whole-number
6
quantities
Y6: Express simple fractions as percentages, and
express one quantity as a percentage of another
6
Measuring
Temperature

calculate temperature differences, including those
involving temperature rise and fall
across 0°C
Number
Fractions, etc. 
use understanding of simple fraction, decimal and
percentage equivalences, e.g. find 25% of 60cm and
know that this is equivalent to ¼ of 60cm
Number
Fractions, etc. 
calculate percentage quantities based on 10%, e.g.
20%, 5%, 15%
Number
Estimate

estimate by rounding to the nearest [10, 100, 1000 or]
whole number
5
Y5: Multiply using closely related facts
Y5: Multiply by 19, 21, … by multiplying by 20, … and
6
adjusting
Y5: Check with an equivalent calculation
Y5: Develop higher multiplication tables, e.g. the ×12 6
table from the ×10 and ×2 tables
Y6: Multiply HTU × TU using standard written
methods
Number
Estimate

check answers using inverse operations
Number
Number facts

multiply numbers [and decimals] by a multiple of 10,
e.g. 15 x 30, 1.4cm x 20
Number
Calculate

multiply 2- and 3-digit numbers by a 2-digit number
5
Number
Estimate

check answers using inverse operations
7
Number
Calculate

multiply and divide 3-digit by 2-digit whole numbers,
extending to multiplying and dividing decimals with 1 or
2 places by single-digit whole numbers
Y5: Order a given set of positive and negative
numbers
Y5: Calculate a temperature rise or fall across 0
degrees C
Y5: Recognise a negative number on a calculator
Y6: Find the difference between a positive and a
negative number
Y6: Consolidate ordering a given set of positive and
negative numbers
Y6: Use the ‘sign change’ key on a calculator
Y6: Find the difference between two negative
numbers
Y5: Multiply U.t × U using informal written methods
Y5: Multiply U.t × U using standard written methods
Y5: Check with the inverse operation when using a
calculator
Y6: Rehearse multiplying U.t × U using standard
written methods
Y6: Multiply U.th × U using standard written methods
Page 18 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
23
Block
B3.a
B3.b
Summary
Objectives
Add decimal
numbers using
written methods

Add and subtract
two numbers







24
B3.c
Y5 Subtract integers 
less than 10 000;
Y6 Subtract decimal 
numbers




B3.d
Y5 Subtract decimal
numbers;
Y6 Calculate
perimeter





Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
5
Number
Money

add and subtract totals less than £100 using correct
notation, e.g. £28.18 + £33.45
6
Number
Calculate

add [and subtract] numbers using whole numbers and
decimals
Y5: Add two integers less than 10 000 using informal 5
written methods
Y5: Add two integers less than 10 000 using standard
6
written methods
Y5: Add more than two integers less than 10 000
6
Y6: Continue to subtract one integer from another,
each less than 10 000, using standard written
methods
Y6: Check with the inverse operation
Y6: Use the relationship between addition and
subtraction
Number
Calculate

add and subtract 3-digit numbers using an appropriate
[mental or] written method
Number
Calculate

add and subtract numbers using whole numbers [and
decimals]
Number
Estimate

check answers using inverse operations
Y5: Subtract one integer from another, each less than
10 000, using standard written methods
Y5: Subtract one integer from another, each less than
10 000, using informal written methods
Y5: Check with the inverse operation
Y5: Understand the effect of and relationships
between the four operations (addition and
subtraction)
Y6: Continue to subtract one decimal number from
another, both with one or two decimal places, using
standard written methods
Y6: Check with the inverse operation
5
Number
Calculate

[add and] subtract 3-digit numbers using an appropriate
[mental or] written method
5
Number
Estimate

check answers using inverse operations
6
Number
Calculate

[add and] subtract numbers using whole numbers and
decimals
6
Number
Estimate

check answers using inverse operations
Y5: Subtract one decimal number from another, both
with one or both with two decimal places, using
informal and standard written methods
Y5: Understand the effect of and relationships
between the four operations (addition and
subtraction)
Y5: Check with the inverse operation
Y6: Consolidate the calculation of perimeters of
rectangles
Y6: Calculate the perimeters of compound shapes
5
Number
Estimate

check answers using inverse operations
5
Number
Money

add and subtract totals less than £100 using correct
notation, e.g. £28.18 + £33.45
5
Measuring
Length, etc.

measure perimeters
6
Number
Calculate

[add and] subtract numbers using [whole numbers] and
decimals
Y5: Add two decimal numbers, with one or two
decimal places, using standard written methods
Y6: Consolidate adding two decimal numbers, with
one or two decimal places, using standard column
addition
Page 19 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
25
Block
Summary
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Objectives
C3.a
Explore likelihood of 
events and introduce 
probability scale



Y5: Classify events based on degrees of likelihood
Y5: Recognise the distinction between ‘impossible’,
‘unlikely’, ‘likely’ and ‘certain’
Y6: Recognise events that are equally likely
Y6: Predict the outcome of equally likely events
Y6: Introduce the probability scale of 0 to 1 on the
number line
C3.b
Y5 Draw and

interpret line graphs; 
Y6 Begin to interpret
pie charts
Y5: Draw and interpret a line graph
Y6: Begin to interpret a pie chart
Last updated: 6th August 2013
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
No matching skills
5–6
Data
Data

represent data using:
– [bar charts, grouped data charts] line graphs [and
conversion graphs]
5–6
Data
Data

extract and interpret information from an increasing
range of diagrams, timetables and graphs (including pie
charts)
Page 20 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
26
Block
C3.c
Summary
Use and convert
between units of
capacity
Objectives










C3.d
Y5 Estimate,
measure and draw
angles;
Y6 Rehearse units of
time






Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
Y5: Use, read and write standard metric units of
capacity: l, ml
Y5: Record estimates and readings from capacity
scales
Y5: Suggest suitable units and measuring equipment
to estimate or measure capacity
Y5: Convert from one larger metric unit of capacity to
another smaller unit
Y5: Know the equivalent of ½, ¼ , ¾ ,1/10, 1/100 of 1
litre in ml
Y6: Use, read and write standard metric units of
capacity: l, ml
Y6: Record estimates and readings from capacity
scales
Y6: Suggest suitable units and measuring equipment
to estimate or measure capacity
Y6: Convert from one smaller metric unit of capacity
to another larger unit
Y6: Understand the relationship between imperial and
metric units of capacity
3–6
Reasoning
Identify

select and use suitable instruments and units of
measurement
3–6
Reasoning
Identify

estimate and visualise size when measuring and use
the correct units
5
Measuring
Length, etc.

use measuring instruments with 10 equal divisions
between each major unit, and record using decimal
notation, e.g. 4.2cm, 1.3kg
5
Measuring
Length, etc.

make use of conversions, e.g. ¼ of a km = 250m
6
Measuring
Length, etc.

read and interpret scales or divisions on a range of
measuring instruments
6
Measuring
Length, etc.

record measurements in different ways, e.g. 1.3kg =
1kg 300g
6
Measuring
Length, etc.

use the language of imperial units in daily use, e.g.
miles, pints
Y5: Use a protractor to measure and draw acute and
obtuse angles to the nearest 5 degrees
Y5: Understand and use angle measure in degrees
Y5: Estimate an angle in degrees
Y6: Consolidate the relationship between units of
time (including decade, millennium, leap year)
Y6: Know the number of days in each month
Y6: Appreciate different times around the world
7
Measuring
Time

[Begin to] use time zones
7
Measuring
Area, etc.

[Begin to] measure and draw angles
Page 21 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
27
Block
D3.a
Summary
Y5 Estimate and
measure angles;
Y6 Reflect shapes
Objectives






D3.b
Y5 Identify acute,
obtuse, reflex
angles;
Y6 Rotate and
translate shapes






28
D3.c
Divide HTU ÷ U
using informal or
standard written
methods





D3.d
Y5 Divide HTU ÷ U;
Y6 Divide TU·t ÷ U






Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
Year
Strand
Element
Skill
Y5: Calculate angles in a straight line
Y5: Rehearse the relationship between degrees and
right angles
Y6: Rehearse the concept of reflection
Y6: Recognise where a shape will be after reflection
in a mirror line touching the shape at a point
Y6: Recognise where a shape will be after reflection
in two mirror lines at right angles
Y6: Draw the position of shapes on a coordinate grid
after reflection in the axes
No matching skills
Y5: Identify, estimate and order acute, obtuse and
reflex angles
Y5: Recognise acute and obtuse angles in polygons
Y6: Begin to understand the concept of rotation
Y6: Draw the position of shapes on a coordinate grid
after rotations and translations
Y6: Recognise where a shape will be after two
translations
Y6: Recognise where a shape will be after a rotation
through 90 degrees about one of its vertices
No matching skills
Y5: Rehearse dividing TU ÷ U using informal written 4
methods
Y5: Divide HTU ÷ U using informal written methods
5
(with integer remainder)
Y6: Rehearse dividing HTU ÷ U using standard
written methods (mixed number answer)
6
Y6: Divide HTU ÷ TU using standard written methods
(whole number answer)
Y6: Divide £.p by a 2-digit number to give £.p
Number
Calculate

use mental strategies to [multiply and] divide
2-digit numbers by a single digit number
Number
Calculate

[multiply and] divide 3-digit numbers by a single-digit
number
Number
Calculate

divide 3-digit numbers by a 2-digit number
4
Number
Calculate

use mental strategies to [multiply and] divide
2-digit numbers by a single digit number
5
Number
Calculate

[multiply and] divide 3-digit numbers by a single-digit
number
5
Number
Estimate

check answers using inverse operations
6
Number
Estimate

check answers using inverse operations
7
Number
Calculate

[multiply and] divide [3-digit by 2-digit whole numbers,
extending to multiplying and dividing] decimals with 1 or
2 places by single‑digit whole numbers
Y5: Rehearse dividing TU ÷ U using standard written
methods
Y5: Divide HTU ÷ U using standard written methods
(with integer remainder)
Y5: Check with the inverse operation when using a
calculator
Y6: Check with the inverse operation
Y6: Divide TU.t ÷ U using standard written methods
Y6: Divide TU.th ÷ U using standard written methods
Page 22 of 23
National Numeracy Framework for Wales 2013
Which numeracy skills are covered in each Abacus Evolve week?
Abacus Evolve Year 5–6
Abacus Evolve
Week
29
Block
E3.a
E3.b
Summary
Objectives
Y5 Find equivalent
fractions and
decimals;
Y6 Understand
proportion

Y5 Find
percentages;
Y6 Find ratios and
proportions
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30
E3.c
Y5 Recognise
square numbers;
Y6 Recognise prime
numbers
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E3.d
Y5 Find all factor
pairs for a number;
Y6 Factorise
numbers into prime
factors
Last updated: 6th August 2013
Numeracy Framework for Wales
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Year
Strand
Element
Skill
5
Number
Fractions, etc. 
use understanding of simple fraction and decimal
equivalences when measuring and calculating, e.g. ½ =
0.5, 1⁄10 = 0.1
6
Number
Fractions, etc. 
use simple ratio and proportion
Y5: Begin to understand percentage as the number of 6
parts in every 100
Y5: Begin to find simple percentages of small
whole-number quantities
6
Y5: Begin to express simple fractions as percentages
Y6: Understand the meaning of ratio and relate this to
6
proportion
Y6: Solve simple problems involving ratio and
proportion
Number
Fractions, etc. 
use understanding of simple fraction, decimal and
percentage equivalences, e.g. find 25% of 60cm and
know that this is equivalent to ¼ of 60cm
Number
Fractions, etc. 
calculate percentage quantities based on 10%, e.g.
20%, 5%,15%
Number
Fractions, etc. 
use simple ratio and proportion
5
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables for
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 and use to solve division
problems
6
Number
Number facts

use mental strategies to recall multiplication tables up to
10 x 10 and use to solve division problems
7
Number
Number facts

use the terms square and square root
Y5: Recognise equivalence between fractions and
decimals
Y6: Understand the concept of proportion
Y5: Know squares of numbers to at least 10 × 10
Y5: Recognise and explain patterns and
relationships, generalise and predict
Y5: Find all the pairs of factors of any number up to
100
Y6: Recognise prime numbers up to at least 20
Y6: Understand a prime number as one that has
exactly two factors
Y6: Recognise and explain patterns and
relationships, generalise and predict
Y5: Find all the pairs of factors of any number up
to 100
Y5: Use factors to help multiply,
e.g. 8 × 12 = 8 × 4 × 3
Y6: Factorise numbers up to 100 into prime factors
No matching skills
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