Referencing your
work using
Harvard
A printable copy of the online referencing tool
Version (1.3 – 30/09/2008)
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Contents
Referencing Books
3
Referencing Journals
7
Referencing Electronic Media
10
Referencing Electronic resources
13
Referencing Government and Official Documents
17
Referencing Other Resources
19
Secondary Referencing
23
Referencing direct quotes
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Books
3
4
5
6
Journals
7
8
9
Electronic media
10
11
12
Electronic resources
13
14
15
16
Referencing Government and Official
Documents
17
18
Other resources
19
20
21
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Secondary Referencing
If you are reading a source by one author (in our example McKechnie (1998)) and
they cite or quote work by another author (in our example Wing, Lee and Chen
(1994)) you may in turn cite or quote the original work (e.g. that of Wing et al.
(1994)) as a SECONDARY REFERENCE.
It is always best practice to try and locate the original reference and secondary
references should only be used if it is difficult to access the original work. You must
remember that in a secondary reference you are seeing the original author's work
from someone else's perspective.
This panel shows you how to reference a secondary or indirect reference type. It
should be used in conjunction with the guidelines demonstrated in the referencing
tool for the appropriate referencing types used.
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Direct Quotes
This panel shows you how to reference a direct quotation. It should be used in
conjunction with the guidelines demonstrated in the referencing tool for the
appropriate referencing types used.
Do not confuse quotations with citations. A citation is the practice of referring to the
work of other authors in the text of your assignments.
A direct quotation is where you copy the exact words used by an author and place
them unaltered directly into your work. Direct quotations need to be in quotation
marks as shown in the example here.
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