Intelligence
It is the general ability to solve problems get benefit from experience for
the future ; innate ability for education , achievement spearman ….test for
I.Q factor can not be 100% accurate normal distribution curve .
Binet 1904 panic retarded children at school ;
I.Q = mental age / chronological age x 100
It is a genetic endowment , environmental factor ,suitable environmental
stimulation home , school 80% genetic 20% environment, interaction
between the two …(Developmental ability ).
Weschler test (WAIS)
For children (6verbal ,5 non –verbal ).
For adult (verbal….question …battery….non-verbal ).
Performance test ;blocks ,cubes .
I.Q test should have the following ;
1-reliability ….constancy of the results .
2-validity …degree to which test measure .
3-Norms and standardization.
4-Objectivity .
5-Practicability.
Intelligence test
A .verbal
b. non-verbal
A. Verbal;
. Binet type –question arranged in mental age.
. Spearman s approach – analogies , inferences , classifications ,synonyms
.
. The weschler test –to children and adult
. Ravens mill hill- vocabulary test is used as complement to the non
verbal perceptual test is used as complement to the nonverba perceptual
Raven s matrices test .
. Kent oral – short battery of test .
B non –verbal
. Raven s progressive matrices -5- test .
. Sleisht s test – pictures & drawing .
Intelligence and ability
Highest professional and administrative
I.Q
150 +
Lower professional and technical
130 - 150
Clerical and highly skilled
115 - 130
Skilled and ordinary commercial
100 - 115
Semi skilled and poorest commercial
85 - 100
Unskilled and coarse manual labour
70 - 85
Casual labour
50 - 70
Institutional subnormal patient
-50
I.Q =(mental age / chronological ) x 100 .
Mild = 50 – 70 M.R /is arrest of intellectual development needs to have
special care all their lives .
It is produced by causes and syndrome classification is based on severity
Mild 50 -70 most common get benefit from education respond best to
special habits – training and socialization can not perform or achieve their
affair in adequate form .
Task rotine domestic duties shelter workshop back warded or intellectual
dull are those with I.Q just below average – benefit from education at the
lowest level or ordinary school.
Moderate = 40- 50 / some simple task , cleaning , eating ,toilet habits
associated with physical abnormalities .no ordinary school .
Sever = 30 – 40 / Kept in special institutes , physical abnormalities , short
life span , and no ordinary school .
Limitation of I.Q test
Test depend upon concept of intelligence which exists along single
dimension follow low to high , from this basic the retarded person differs
from gifted person in matter of degree .It would be useful in predicting
school achievement from I.Q beyond school age intelligence have been
low successful in precocity intellectual distinct academic performance at
university is around 120. 120 at high I.Q
Testing child patient ,full physical and psychological assessment should
be performed , stand am I.Q test .
Wechsler I.Q scale for child (W.I.S.C ) or Raven s columned progressive
matrices .So I.Q test is reflect I.Q at child rather than predicting in the
future education and academic success .
Sometimes I.Q test will be difficult in ;
1-perceptual disorders .
2-difficulty in healing .
3-physical disorder or illness.
4-cultural illness .
5-M.R…subnormal less advantage, unaurent of I.Q
Development need to have special care all their lives . it is not a specific
disease but it produced by a number of causes not all at them are
identified . complication is based on severity and falls into these aspect
….
Mild (50-70);-they are the largest group at the mentally retarded ,at best
they may get benefit at formal education . they repined bent to special
habit – training or socialization .They can not perform or achieve their
affairs in adequate form.
In the adulthood they can work in simple task routine domestic duties ,
sheltered work shop background or intellectually dull are those with
intelligence is just below average ,they may benefit from education at the
lowest level or ordinary school .
Moderate (40-50) ;-incapable of managing their own affair may though
simple tasks, learn to feed themselves ,toilet habits ,can not benefit from
ordinary schooling ; they may be associated with physical abnormalities,
short life span .
Severe (below 40) ;-sever mental retarded associated with sever physical
defect , can not be feed or clean themselves ,should be kept in special
institute .don t speak ,short life span .Man not live to adulthood , they
have lower immunity to physical illness or fetal complication .
Mean I.Q.is 100 .// 120> average ,//80 below average.