The Main objectives of the Unit
 Conditionals
 Base and Strong adjectives.
Conditional Sentences
Structure :
A conditional sentence is composed of 2 parts :
If-clause
+ Main Clause
Example :
If it rains tomorrow, we will not come.
If-clause
Main Clause
FIRST CONDITIONAL
If+ Present Simple + will
If the weather is nice,
we will go for a walk.
If you don’t apologize, she will never trust you again.
If clause:
Main clause:
PRESENT SIMPLE
FUTURE SIMPLE
1- The first conditional refers to the present and future.
It expresses a possible condition and
its probable result in the future.
FIRST CONDITIONAL
If+ Present Simple + will
2-we can use the first conditional to express different
functions (all of which express a possible condition and a
probable result).
If you don’t stop the noise, I’ll phone the police! (a threat)
Careful! If you touch that, you’ll burn yourself! ( a warning)
I’ll post the letter if you like. (an offer)
If you lend me $ 10, I'll pay you back tomorrow. ( a
promise)
Exercise One. First Conditionals
do not come
If you ___________________
(not come), .1
will miss
You ________________
(miss ) the show.
will buy
John __________________
(buy)a car if .2
he
gets
_____________ (get) a job.
will get
Mary ________________(get)
a toothache if .3
eats
she_________________ (eat) too many sweets.
Time Clauses
(When, as soon as, before, until, after) are not followed by will.
1- We use present tense but the meaning of the sentence is in the future.
I will call you when I get home.
As soon as dinner is ready, I will give you a call.
Can I have a word with you before I go?
Wait until I come back.
2- we also use present perfect to show that the action in the time clause is
finished.
When I have read the book, I will lend it to you.
I will go home after I have done the shopping.
ZERO CONDITIONAL
If you don’t water flowers, they die.
If you have a headache,
stop watching TV.
If clause:
Main clause:
PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT SIMPLE
or IMPERATIVE
With zero conditional
we express a general truth or we give advice.
Zero conditional sentences refer to all time not just the
present or future.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
Jack wants to buy a house but he can’t do this
because he doesn’t have any money.
If I had a lot of
money,
I would buy a big
house.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
Susan wants to phone Paul but she can’t do this
because she doesn’t know his number.
If I knew his number,
I would phone him.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
If+ Past Simple+ would.
If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house.
If I knew his number, I would phone him.
if-clause:
PAST TENSE SIMPLE
main clause:
PRESENT CONDITIONAL
would + infinitive
1- The second conditional refers to the present and future.
It expresses an unreal situation and its probable result.
The situation or condition is improbable, impossible,
imaginary, or contrary to known facts.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
2- Other modal verbs are possible in the result
clause:
I could buy some new clothes if I had some money
If I saved a little every week, I might be able to save
up for a car
3- If I were you, I’d…..is used to give advice
If I were you, I would apologize to her
I would take it easy for a while if I were you.
FIRST v. SECOND CONDITIONAL
If John runs fast, he will win the race.
This is still possible to happen.
If John ran fast, he would win the race.
This is unlikely to happen because John doesn’t run fast.
THE DIFFERENCE: FIRST and SECOND CONDITIONAL
Both conditionals refer to the present and future.
The difference is about probability, not time.
First conditional: real and possible situations
Second conditional: unlikely to happen
Exercises

Identifying conditionals
I. Choose the correct answer.
1 - If I drink tea in the morning, it makes me feel sick.

 Zero Conditional
 First Conditional
 Second Conditional
 Third Conditional
Exercises
2 - I'll tell her if she comes.
 Zero Conditional

First Conditional
 Second Conditional
 Third Conditional
3 - If I were you, I'd buy it as soon as possible.
 Zero Conditional
 First Conditional

 Second Conditional
 Third Conditional
Exercises
6 - If you work hard enough, you may well pass.
 Zero Conditional

 First Conditional
 Second Conditional
 Third Conditional
7 – Water boils if you heat it to a hundred degrees celsius.

 Zero Conditional
 First Conditional
 Second Conditional
 Third Conditional
P. 62
P. 63
P. 63
P. 64
P. 64
possible
unlikely
I do not have a car
I have to work
P. 65
unlikely
possible
unlikely
possible
possible
VOCABULARY
BASE/ STRONG
ADJECTIVES
NORMAL ADJECTIVES
Some adjectives are normal (or base)
adjectives: good, bad, dirty, pretty,
cold, hot etc
STRONG ADJECTIVES
Other adjectives are strong adjectives:
fantastic, awful, filthy, gorgeous etc.
• Strong adjectives have the idea of very. Look
at these examples from the article on page 6667:
• a huge windfall = a very big windfall.
• a miserable person = a very unhappy person
• astonished= extremely surprised.
• astonished > surprised.
Here are some strong adjective examples for you:
This man is more than angry
….. he is furious.
FURIOUS
This man is extremely BAD …..
he is terrible.
TERRIBLE
This mouse is small ….. but the
elephant is very big and heavy.
HUGE / ENORMOUS
• Match the base adjectives in A with the strong
adjectives in B:
A base adjectives
B strong adjectives
Tired
Frightened
Good
Tasty
Bad
Pretty, attractive
Hungry
Angry
Dirty
Surprised
Happy
Funny
Great, wonderful, fantastic, superb.
Exhausted
Delicious
Filthy
Terrified
Starving
Horrible, awful, terrible, disgusting
Thrilled, delighted
Astonished, amazed
Hilarious
Beautiful, gorgeous
furious
• Match the base adjectives in A with the strong
adjectives in B:
A base adjectives
B strong adjectives
Tired
Frightened
Good
Tasty
Bad
Hungry
Angry
Dirty
Surprised
Happy
Funny
Great, wonderful, fantastic, superb.
Exhausted
Delicious
Filthy
Terrified
Starving
Horrible, awful, terrible, disgusting
Thrilled, delighted
Astonished, amazed
Hilarious
Beautiful, gorgeous
furious
Note:
1- We can make adjectives more extreme with adverbs such
as: very and absolutely.
• Ex: their house is very big.
•
their garden is absolutely enormous.
2- We can use “very” only with base adjectives.
• Ex: very tired, NOT :very exhausted.
3- We can use “absolutely” only with the strong adjectives.
• Ex: absolutely wonderful. NOT: absolutely good.
• We can use “really” with both base and strong adjectives.
• Ex: Really tired, really exhausted
THE END