Understanding
Global Cultures
Poland
Four Generic Types of Cultures
2. Vertical Collectivism / Authority
Ranking Cultures
Ch.
Ch.
Ch.
Ch.
Ch.
Ch.
Ch.
Ch.
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
The Thai Kingdom
The Japanese Garden
India: The Dance of Shiva
Bedouin Jewelry and Saudi Arabia
The Turkish Coffeehouse
The Brazilian Samba
The Polish Village Church
Kimchi and Korea
Fig. 1.2. Four Generic Types of Cultures (p. 15)
INDIVIDUALISM
Low
(horizontal)
POWER
DISTANCE
High
(vertical)
COLLECTIVISM
Equality
Matching
Community
Sharing
(interval)
(nominal)
Market
Pricing
Authority
Ranking
(ratio)
(ordinal)
Four Generic Types of Cultures
2. Vertical Collectivism /
Authority Ranking Cultures
authority ranking
found in large parts of Asia, Africa,
and Latin America
involves a psychological relationship
between the leader or leaders and all
others in the culture
Four Generic Types of Cultures
2. Vertical Collectivism /
Authority Ranking Cultures
frequently, such a culture is
symbolized not by the handshake,
which reflects equality, but by
different forms of bowing
Four Generic Types of Cultures
2. Vertical Collectivism /
Authority Ranking Cultures
there is a dynamic, two-way
relationship between subordinates
and leaders in authority ranking
cultures
•
although the leaders receive more
rewards, they are responsible for
safeguarding the livelihoods of
subordinates
Cultural Metaphors
Unit of analysis in the book =
the nation or national culture
Other “units of analysis” may
include:
one person (e.g., Paul Buffalo)
the family (e.g., Strodtbeck)
the community
a region
a culture
Culture Counts
and it counts quit a bit
Geert Hofstede (1991)
IBM study demonstrated that
national culture explained 50% of
the differences in attitudes in IBM’s
53 countries (p. 5)