COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY
CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS [531 PDS]
DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTIVE DENTAL SCIENCES
STUDY GUIDE
1
Message from the Dean
Assalamualaikum wa rahamatullahi wa barakatahu
It is my pleasure to welcome you to the College of dentistry - Zulfi at Majmaa’h
University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. College of Dentistry aims to improve the dental
health of the people in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia through providing the students with
excellent clinical training, supporting research and learning environment. Towards this
goal the Department of Preventive Dental sciences has prepared a study guide in
Clinical Orthodontics for the benefit of the students.
I have read this study guide and would like to assure you that this is an excellent
job in addressing all the questions a student will have at the start of the course. This
study guide also contains all the schedule of clinical sessions. I would like to
congratulate the team for coming up with this study guide.
I am proud to serve as a Dean of the College of Dentistry and I am sure that the
assurance from the dedication of our energetic and benevolent faculty and staff prompts
you to be skilled and knowledgeable in attaining high standard of education.
Best wishes
Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Atram
2
Message from the members of the committee
Dear Students,
We are delighted to welcome you to the course of Clinical
Orthodontics. This study guide will inform and update you about the
various topics to be covered during the course.
The topics covered in this module are highly relevant and have
clinical implications which will be of great help in your professional
life. This subject is one of the very important foundation courses in
dentistry and based on these fundamental principles you will
progress on to become a good dental surgeon.
Hence we the committee suggest you to use this handbook to
prepare yourself during the course and gain maximum benefit.
Best wishes & Good luck
Dr. Zuber Ahamed Naqvi
3
APPROVAL FOR THE COURSE
This course has been reviewed, revised and approved by:

The Department of Preventive Dental Sciences.

College Curriculum Committee.

College Council.
4
S.No.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
1
Message from the Dean
2
2
Message from the members of the committee
3
3
Approval of the course
4
4
General course information
6
5
Course description
7
6
General course objectives
8
7
Course contents
9
8
Detailed objectives of clinical sessions
11
10
Student expected study hours and student support
14
11
Teaching and learning resources
15
12
Facilities required
16
13
14
Students Assessment
Course Evaluation & Improvement process
16
18
5
GENERAL COURSE INFORMATION
Course Title Clinical Orthodontics
Course Code 531 PDS
Course
Theory
components
First
& Credit
semester
hours
Second
semester
Prerequisites
Corequisites
Year / Level
Course
coordinator
Course
committee
Tutors
Practical
1
Total
1
Pre-Clinical Orthodontics 433 PDS
None
5th year 1st semester
Dr. Zuber Ahamed Naqvi
Name
Rank Email
Office hours
6
COURSE DESCRIPTION
Clinical Orthodontics is a one semester course, given as clinical
sessions during fifth year.
The primary objective of this course is providing knowledge of basic
principles and diagnostic procedures in assessment of orthodontic cases.
This course is designed to provide basic concepts of diagnosis and making
treatment plan for moderate orthodontic patients. The students will learn to
distinguish between pathological and developmental problems in a patient.
They will be able to decide which patient can be treated by general dental
practitioner and which case needs referral to a specialist.
The clinical sessions includes the development of psychomotor and
cognitive skills of the students to manage cases by using removable
orthodontic appliances. In this section students will learn to identify and
manage orthodontic emergencies in their clinic. The dental students will
learn
the
fabrication
of
various
removable
appliances
and their
management required for the treatment of orthodontic patients.
7
GENERAL COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. Demonstrate knowledge of general principles used in diagnosis for orthodontic
patient.
2. Differentiate between developmental and pathological problems in a patient.
3. Demonstrate knowledge of standard orthodontic classification of malocclusion and
should be able to differentiate skeletal and dental malocclusions.
4. Students should be able to perform basic orthodontic diagnostic procedures like
lateral cephalometric tracing, model analysis, interpretation of X -rays.
5. Identify functional and esthetic deficiencies requiring intervention and management
and know when to make a referral to an orthodontic specialist.
6. Identify predisposing conditions and appropriate intervention and /or active treatment
recommendation to prevent malocclusion.
7. Demonstrate the knowledge of adverse effects of orthodontic therapy.
8. Demonstrate the knowledge and skills to manage the orthodontic emergencies.
9. Demonstrate the knowledge and skills in management of removable orthodontic
appliances.
8
COURSE CONTENTS:
Semester 1
Session
No
1-2
3-4
5
6
7
8-9
10-12
Exercise
Detailed content
No of
weeks
Patient’s history,
clinical
examination, and
diagnostic
records.
Analysis of
diagnostic
records.
Case discussion,
diagnosis and
treatment
planning.
Recording patients complete history.
Extra oral, intraoral examination of
patient.
Making impression, taking
photographs and x- rays required for
patient.
Model analysis
Lateral cephalometric tracing
Examination of photographs.
2
Credit
hours
6
2
6
Case presentation.
Final diagnosis of patient
Making a problem list
Treatment plan- type of appliance and
mechanics.
Basic principles for fabrication of
removable appliances.
Activation of appliances.
1
3
1
3
Demonstration of various parts of
fixed appliances.
Demonstration of banding and
bonding on patient.
1
3
Identification and management
of orthodontic emergencies like
severe / or prolonged pain,
swelling, facial and / or oral
trauma, broken brackets , band
or wires, poking wires etc.
2
6
Case presentation.
Group discussion to solve all the
problems of patient.
Discussion on treatment plan and
mechanics.
3
9
Fabrication and
management of
removable
appliance
Fixed orthodontic
appliances –
banding and
bonding
(demonstration)
Management of
orthodontic
emergencies.
Problem based learning- tutorial
session to
analyze and
9
13
14
discuss class I/II
III orthodontic
case.
Problem based
learning- tutorial
session to
analyze and
discuss
orthognathic
(orthodontic
surgical) case.
Problem based
learning- tutorial
session to
analyze and
discuss
functional/
orthopaedic case.
Case presentation.
Group discussion to solve all the
problems of patient.
Discussion on treatment plan and
mechanics.
Discussion on various types of
orthognathic surgeries.
1
3
Case presentation.
Group discussion to solve all the
problems of patient.
Discussion on treatment plan and
mechanics.
Discussion on various types of
functional or orthopaedic appliances.
1
3
10
DETAILED OBJECTIVES OF THE CONTENTS:
Clinical sessions
Detailed Objectives of Clinical Sessions
Semester 1
Theme I –Diagnosis and treatment planning
Session 1-2:
At the end of the clinical session the student should be able to

Record patients complete history.

Perform extra oral, intraoral examination of patient.

Make impression, take photographs and x- rays required for patient.
Session 3-4: Analysis of diagnostic records.
At the end of the clinical session the student should be able to



Perform Model analysis
Demonstrate Lateral cephalometric tracing
Examine and interpret patient’s photographs and xrays.
Session 5: Case discussion, diagnosis and treatment planning.
At the end of the clinical session the student should be able to

Present case

Diagnose patient

Making a problem list

Make treatment plan for the patient.

Decide type of appliance and mechanics required for the management of patient.
Session 6: Fabrication and management of removable appliance
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At the end of the clinical session the student should be able to

Demonstrate basic principles for fabrication of removable appliances.

Demonstrate activation of appliances.
Session 7: Fixed orthodontic appliances – banding and bonding
(demonstration)
At the end of the clinical session the student should be able to


Understand various parts of fixed appliances.
Explain banding and bonding on patient.
Session 8-9: Management of orthodontic emergencies
 Identify and manage orthodontic emergencies like severe / or
prolonged pain, swelling, facial and / or oral trauma, broken brackets ,
band or wires, poking wires etc.
Session 10-12: Problem based - learning- tutorial session to analyze
and discuss class I/II III orthodontic case.
At the end of the clinical session the student should be able to

Understand and diagnose orthodontic cases..

Demonstrate to solve the problems of orthodontic patient.

explain treatment plan and mechanics.
Session 13: Problem based learning- tutorial session to analyze and
discuss orthognathic (orthodontic surgical) case.
At the end of the clinical session the student should be able to

Diagnose orthognathic cases..

Understand treatment plan and mechanics used for orthognathic cases.
12

Explain various types of orthognathic surgical procedures to treat skeletal
malocclusion.
Session 14: Problem based learning- tutorial session to analyze and
discuss functional/ orthopaedic case
At the end of the clinical session the student should be able to

Discuss growth modulation.

Understand treatment plan and mechanics to manage growing patients.

Explain various types of functional and orthopaedic appliances
13
Student additional private study hours per week & student support:
In Additional to the credit hours in the college hours the student is expected to put in 6
hours of private study/learning hours per week. (This is an average for the semester not
a specific requirement in each week).
The students are encouraged to interact with the tutors of the course for any additional
help required during the course. The staff members are instructed to inform the students
regarding the office hours when they can approach the faculty for their help
After each class the faculty member allocates a few minutes to clear the doubts of the
students if needed
The power point presentation of each class is uploaded on the faculty member’s
website from where the students can easily retrieve it and come prepared for the
lecture.
Group of three students are allotted to one faculty member, who is their mentor, the
students can even approach their respective mentors if they have any additional
problems with the subject.
14
Teaching and learning resources:
Students will be shown power point presentations, quiz, and essay competition. During
the clinical session students will be shown patients to give them in depth knowledge and
understanding of the subject. Live demonstration will be given to students for various
types of appliances.
Use of more teaching aids during classes with special emphasis on the applied aspects
of the structures, questions asked during the class would also aid in developing
cognitive skills. In addition we would design quizzes and assignments in such a way
that the students would have to correlate the various topics and information given to
them.
The students will be asked oral questions, debates, group discussions group tasks will
be designed so that the students learn to interact with their batchmates. In addition
project work will be assigned to small groups so that they learn to take up the
responsibility and complete it.
Recommended text books:
Required Textbook
Contemporary orthodontics: 4th edition. William R. Proffit
Textbook
Orthodontics: the art and science: 4th edition. S.I. Bhalaji
References

American journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

The Angle Orthodontist – an international journal of
Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
Website
www.angle.org
15
Facilities Required:
Clinics:
1. A well-equipped clinic with a instruments required to treat case
orthodontically..
2. Stainless steel wires and pliers for wire bending exercises.
3. Lateral cephalogram of patients, view box, pencil, divider, scale and tracing
sheet for cephalometric tracing.
Student Assessment:
Evaluation & assessment of students:
By Oral and Written examination, periodic assessment through assignments, evaluation
of the projects and group tasks.
Assessment of student communication skills will be through the seminars and term
papers.
Distribution of marks for Clinical Orthodontics
The following percentages (%) of the total grade will be assigned
Clinical orthodontics (1 credit hour, 1 clinic per week)
Practical part …………………………………………50%
Assessment Tools
1st and 2nd Semester
In- Course
Assessments
60 %
Final clinical exam
40%
Total
100 %
Midterm exam
Clinical
Weekly Clinical
assessments
Behavior
Research
Homework
Quiz
Oral exam
Clinical
20%
Clinical
exercises
General
Activity
Written
Written
Oral
20%
5%
2%
1%
2%
10%
16
SEMINARS
A. Guidelines for seminar sessions:
1. One seminar per student is scheduled during the semester.
2. Duration of each seminar will be of 5 minutes.
3. The students will be given the topics for seminar at least two weeks in
advance. The topics will be selected randomly by the students by a picking a
slip (lottery method).
4. The student is expected to prepare a PowerPoint presentation for the
seminar. They can take the help of a staff member in preparing themselves
for the presentation.
5. After each session group discussion will be allowed.
6. The tutor (faculty member in charge) will give his comments and feedback
about the presentation.
7. All the students are expected to be present during the seminars and also
prepare themselves by reading about the topic of presentation so as to have
8. An active and productive group discussion.
17
Course Evaluation and Improvement Process:
The students will be given a feedback form, which can be submitted to the course
director or to the dean which will help in improvement of the subject teaching.
The head of the department or the Dean has informal meetings with groups of students
to discuss the contents of the course, method of teaching to evaluate the course and
the instructor.
Meetings will be conducted every week in the department to update the status of each
student and the difficulties felt by the colleague will be resolved accordingly. The dean
randomly attends lectures to assess the instructor. The power point presentation of
each lecture is distributed to all the staff members of the department for evaluation and
suggestions for improvement.
Teachers will be subjected to go for up gradation of knowledge by attending the relevant
conferences and will be encouraged to carry on a self-improvement.
Other staff members are invited to attend the seminar presentation of students to verify
the standards of student learning and their work.
18