Health Promoting School
&
School Curriculum
Curriculum Development Institute
Education & Manpower Bureau
July 2003
Secondary
1
學生對個人、家居、學校、
社區、 衛生和健康的承
擔有多少呢？
我們學校的學生在藥物濫用
問題上(吸煙、酒、精神科
藥物、毒品…)是否嚴重？
最近SARS對學
校及學生有多大
影響？
過去幾年，我們學校
怎樣面對一些(有可能)
爆發的疾病，如登革
熱…H5N1…等？
我們的學
生是否注
重交通安
全？職業
安全？他
們平時有
否正確的
安全意識？
學生欺凌的問題？學生
對兩性關係的態度？…
2
1. What are the learning goals?
2. What should be learned?
3. How to learn and teach effectively?
4. How to assess or appraise?
5. Summary & the Way forward
3
1. What are the learning goals?
-
7 learning goals
Healthy lifestyle
Responsibility
-
Specific learning targets
4
Living a Healthy Lifestyle and
Making Responsible Decisions on Health Issues
Personal
Health
(Family)
(Neighbourhood)
Community
Health
Environmental
Health
Entry point C
Knowledge & Concepts
Living a Healthy
Lifestyle
Values & Beliefs
Entry point B
Skills & Actions
Entry point A
5
2. What should be learned?
Primary GS + PE
Formal Curriculum
Junior Sec – gaps!!
Knowledge & Concepts
Moral & Civic Education
(MCE)
Life-wide Learning
(LWL)
Values and Beliefs
Skills & Actions
6
A Proposed Framework for Health Education in the School Curriculum
Living a Healthy Lifestyle and
Making Responsible Decisions on Health Issues
Personal Health
(Family/ Neighbourhood)
Environmental Health
Thematic/ Project
Approach
Skills & Actions
Knowledge & Concepts
Play Activities
Values & Beliefs
Related Subject Curriculum, e.g. GS, PE
KG
Community Health
P1
P6 S1
Related KLA/ Subject Curriculum, e.g. PSHE, Sc, TE, PE
S3 S4
Life Events in Moral & Civic Ed programme and Life-wide Learning Activities to fill
the gaps in / complementing KLA/ subject curriculum
S7
7
PSHE - personal
MCE + LWL
TE - technology
& living
perspective
& social
perspective
MCE
+
LWL
Living a Healthy Lifestyle
Sc Ed - science &
PE - physical
technology
perspective
health & safety
perspective
MCE + LWL
MCE
+
LWL
8
Junior Secondary
Senior Secondary
PSHE –
PSHE –
Personal & social development
Social systems & citizenship
(EPA, Social Studies,Integrated
Humanities)
Personal & social development
Social system & citizenship
(Integrated Humanities, Social
Studies, Liberal Studies)
Science Ed –
Science Ed –
Life & living
Science, technology & society
(Science)
Life & living
Science, technology & society
(Biology, Human Biology, Science
& Technology)
Technology Ed –
Technology Ed –
Technology & living
(Home Economics)
Technology & living
(Home Economics)
PE –
Health & fitness
Knowledge & practice of safety
PE –
Health & fitness
Knowledge & practice of safety
9
Knowledge & Concepts:
Health Education
PSHE: Learning objectives (KS3)
Subjects: Social Studies, …
• To understand the importance of maintaining a
healthy lifestyle and be informed about matters
related to health
• To understand the importance of valuing oneself
& others
• Strands: Personal & Social Development: Healthy
lifestyles (KS3); Social Systems and Citizenship
(KS3)
10
Knowledge & Concepts:
Health Education
Science Education: Learning objectives (KS3)
• Be aware of the physiological and emotional
changes during puberty
• To recognize the importance of maintaining body
health
• S1-3 Science Curriculum – Unit 3 Cells & Human
Reproduction; Unit 5 The Wonderful SolventWater; Unit 7 Living things and air; Unit 11
Sensing the Environment; Unit 12 A Healthy Body
11
Knowledge & Concepts:
Health Education
Technology Education
Health
The purposeful application
of knowledge, skills and
experiences in using
resources to create
products or systems to
meet human needs.
“a state of complete
physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely
the absence of disease or
infirmity”. (WHO)
To achieve Healthy Living
through Technology Education
12
Technology Education/ Home Economics:
Healthy Living
Personal
Personal
Hygiene
•good
grooming
Healthy
Eating
Family
Community
Healthy Home
Healthy
and Family Environment
•food and
nutrition
•cleaning of •dietary goal
personal
•meal planning
clothing
•food
preparation
and
processing
•to make a
quality
home
•family
relationship
•safety and
cleanliness
in the home
Healthy
Community
•environmental
hygiene
•consumer
education
•importance of
cleanliness
•promotion of
harmony
within the
community
•disposal of
refuse
13
Knowledge & Concepts:
Health Education
• Physical Education (KS 1-3): via PE
activities, practical knowledge and skills could
be acquired in the following areas:
Health and Active Lifestyle
Physical Activity and Health & Fitness
Growth and Development
Weight Control
Physical Activity and Safety
Substance Abuse
14
行動
Actions
一般社會的期望
個人
Beliefs
信念
Concepts
思維概念
傳統正規教育途徑
15
參與體驗
實際
上…
行動
ABC 不斷…
Actions
互相影響、
需要多樣化的
切入點
受外間衝擊、
反覆建構
Beliefs
信念
個人
Concepts
思維概念
環境薰陶
教學途徑
16
Values & Beliefs: Health Education
Moral & Civic Education:
• Use life events as entry point to develop moral and civic
education curriculum/program
• Life events aim at developing students’ positive values,
attitudes and skills conducive to develop healthy
lifestyle:
- to sustain their life-long civic responsibilities;
- to enhance their abilities of self-discipline and selfmanagement skills (e.g. personal and environmental
hygiene)
- to enhance critical skills and empower them to face
personal and social challenges (e.g. anti-smoking;
facing illness etc.)
17
Values & Beliefs: Health Education
Moral & Civic Education:
Examples of life events suggested for schools:
Topic
Life event
examples
Values &
attitudes
Skills
1. Personal
Development
and Healthy
Living
• Developing good
habits (KS1)
• Self-care of
personal living
(KS1,2,3)
Responsibility;
self-discipline
Selfmanagement
2. Family
Life
Doing housework
(KS1,2,3)
Responsibility;
self-discipline
Selfmanagement
18
Values & Beliefs: Health Education
Moral & Civic Education:
Examples of life events suggested for schools:
Topic
Life event
examples
3. School Life Eating lunch at
school, (KS1,2,3)
4. Social Life
Values &
attitudes
Skills
Self-discipline;
responsibility
Cooperation;
selfmanagement
Facing
Self-discipline;
temptations and
responsibility
undesirable
societal influences
(KS3)
Critical
thinking; selfmanagement
19
Values & Beliefs: Health Education
Moral & Civic Education:
Examples of life events suggested for schools:
Topic
Life event
examples
Values &
attitudes
Skills
5. Life in
the
Community
• Discussing current
issues of local or
international
community (KS2,3)
• Facing temptations
and undesirable
societal influences
(KS3)
Self-discipline; Critical
rationality;
thinking;
responsibility selfmanagement
20
Skills & Actions: Learning by doing
• Life-wide Learning – definition
Life-wide Learning is an overarching term for learning activities
beyond the confines of the classroom.It offers learning in real/
authentic contexts, and experiential learning that cannot be provided
by classroom learning, especially in moral & civic education, physical
& aesthetic experience, community service and career-related
experience.
• How does it help in health education?
Through direct involvement, taking actions, or learning through
authentic/ real-life situations (e.g. Clean HK, visiting hospitals, serving
patients/ elderly, health ambassadors…)
21
Skills & Actions: LWL Organizations
機構名稱
活動
備註
查詢電話
香港幼兒教育及服務聯會
健康生活嘉年華
健康檢查、講座、座談會、運動及
遊戲等
2788 1666
香港吸煙與健康委員會
吸煙危害新一代
健康講座
2838 8822
社區藥物教育輔導會
藥物教育活動
級際及班際活動
2521 2880
醫院管理局健康資訊天地
推廣健康資訊活動
講座、展覽、研討會、經驗分享等
2300 7733
圖書館、展覽廳及資源中心
2377 9275
生教育展覽及資料中心
生教育活動
生活教育活動計劃
健康教育課程
六個生活教育中心，其中五個是流
動中心
2530 0018
香港科學館
生命科學展覽廳
展覽館及講座
2732 3232
香港醫學博物館學會
專題介紹香港醫學發
展歷史
圖書館及展覽廳
2549 5123
22
Major Health Education Concepts
in the School Curriculum
Personal Health
Environmental Health &
Physical, Mental & Emotional Health
Issues of Global Concern
Personal Hygiene
Self Esteem
Environmental Awareness
Healthy Body
Managing
Emotions
Environmental Protection
Healthy Living
Self Discipline
(Food, Nutrition &
Diet)
Human
relationships
Common Diseases
Sex Education
Health and Fitness
Substance Abuse
Safety Education
Life and Death
Community Health
Environment and Health
Issues
Environmental Hygiene
Poverty and Health
Civic Responsibility
International Cooperation
Health Services
Sustainable Development
Public Health Issues
Technology and Living
Diseases and Control
Occupational Safety
Equal Opportunities
Consumers of Health
23
Identifying curriculum gaps in your
schools: a checklist
1. Personal health
2. Food & nutrition
3. Mental & emotional health
4. Family life & sex education
5. Prevention & treatment of diseases
6. Smoking, alcohol & drugs abuse
7. Consumers’ health
8. Safety & first aid
9. Environmental health
10. Life education (life, death, old…)
(Extract from CUHK’s Health Promoting School scheme)
24
3. How to learn and teach effectively?
 Review existing curriculum, identifying gaps
 Use multiple ‘entry points’
(e.g. engaging students in cleaning campaigns)
 Employ age-specific approaches
(for lower forms –more on beliefs, skills and actions)
 Help students making responsible/ informed decision
 Encourage students to form healthy habits
 Go beyond ‘knowledge’ and target for ‘action’
 Establish role models (from teachers, parents, …)
 Capitalize current / critical events
25
4. How to assess or appraise?
• No ‘pure knowledge’ testing
• Assessment for learning
(e.g. feedback, reflection…)
• Using relevant contexts in assessment
• Qualitative approach
• Portfolios – with outstanding performance
or achievement in health-related learning
activities
26
5. Summary & the Way forward
• Audit the existing learning opportunities related to
health
• Make good use of MCE life event exemplars
(http://cd.emb.gov.hk/mce)
• Get the best from expert organisations and LWL
opportunities (http://cd.emb.gov.hk/lwl/)
• Go along Team Clean’s direction:
“We all want a clean Hong Kong — a world class city that
we can proudly call home. … We will improve the
environmental hygiene of Hong Kong for good. And we will
achieve it with a sustainable and cross-sectoral approach.”
27
Team Clean’s Long Term Measures in
the Education Sector:
• Extended course for teachers and heads to acquire
concepts & practical knowledge about Health
Promoting School (HPS)
• Provide suitable information and resources for schools
(e.g. HPS pack)
• Incorporating HPS concepts in school development
plan, School self-evaluation system
• Recognition of student participation in health-related
community service.
• “My Pledge to Act” Day in each September
• A Team Clean website for students
28
(http://cd.emb.gov.hk/cleanHK/index0.asp)