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Chapter 3 + 4
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SOFTWARE
• Are the programs which are written by
different programming languages.
• These programs are: a series of
instruction that tells the computer what
to do .
• There are three main types of software:
• 1-System software
• 2-Application software.
• 3-Programming languages
Chapter 3
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TYPES OF SOFTWARE
SOFTWARE
PROGRAMMIG
LANGUAGES
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
SYSTEM
SOFTWARE
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1- SYSTEM SOFTWARE
• System software helps run the computer hardware and
computer system.
• These are program which control the operations of the
computer and its devices.
• There are two types of system software:
1- Operating System .
2-Utilities programs.
1- Operating System(OS)
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1- Operating System(OS)
• The operating system ( OS ) sometimes called the
platform on which the computer work.
• It is the most basic program in a computer.
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Functions of Operating System:
1-start the computer.
2-system security.
3-control a network.
4-running applications.
5-providing user interface.
6-managing resources.
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Examples of Operating System:
• DOS (Disk Operating System).
• Windows : a graphical operating environment
Windows(95/98/ME/XP/2000/VISTA/ WINDOW7)
• Linux.
• Unix : used on microcomputers and internet servers.
• Windows NT : for powerful workstations & networks.
• Mackintosh (Apple’s Mac OS )
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2- Utility Programs
• These software are used to help the user communicate
between the computer and different devices or peripherals
connected to the computer.
• There are some types of utility programs which must be
used:
1-Anti-virus programs.
2-CD/DVD burning.
3-File conversion.
4-File compression.
5-Backup programs.
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2- APPLICATION SOFTWARE
• Application software allows end-users to accomplish one
or more specific tasks.
• These are programs written by programmers in a
company to help the user do a specific job.
• Examples are:
1-word processing –example: Microsoft Word.
2-spreadsheet-example:Microsoft Excel.
3-Database managers –example : Microsoft Access.
4-Graphics-example:Photoshop.
5-Presentation-example:Microsoft Power point.
6-Multimedia .
7-Drowing.
MS Paint
MS Word
MS Power point
MS Excel
MS Access
Notepad
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3- PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
1- LOW level languages:
Example:
Machine language
Assembly language
2-High level languages:
Example:
C / C++ / JAVA / BASIC
Chapter 4
Viruses
• computer virus is : a computer program that can copy
itself and infect a computer (programs , documents ,
databases and more…)
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Types of Computer Viruses
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Macro viruses
Worms
Network Viruses
Boot Virus
Trojan Horses
E-mail viruses
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Sources of Computer Viruses
• Three primary sources :
1- The Internet
*Via downloads and exchanges.
2-Diskettes
*Exchanging disks
3-Computer networks
*Can spread from one network to another.
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how do you know if you have a computer
virus?!
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your computer shuts down by itself
your computer gets really slow
If you open a website it closes by itself
unexpected error messages
halting the system
lack of storage capability
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How to Protect Your Computer from Viruses
• 1-Do not uses any diskettes from unreliable sources.
• 2-Backup your files periodically.
• 3-Delete E-mails from unknown or suspicious ,
untrustworthy (unreliable)sources
• 4-Never open a files from attached to an E-mail unless
you know what it is , even if it appears to come from a
friend.
• 5-Update your antivirus software at least every two
weeks.
• 6-Download files from the internet only from legitimate
and trustworthy sources.