Management Information
System In Healthcare
Definitions
System- A collection of components that work together to achieve a
common objective.
Information System- A system that provides information support to
the decision-making process at each level of an organization.
Health Information System- A system that integrates data collection,
processing, reporting, and use of the information necessary for
improving health service effectiveness and efficiency through better
management at all levels of health services.
Health Management Information System- An information system
specially designed to assist in the management and planning of
health programmes, as opposed to delivery of care. (WHO 2004: 3)
Healthcare Information System
(HIM)
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Healthcare is a business and, like every business, it needs
good management to keep the business running smoothly.
Healthcare information systems means meticulously
maintaining a patient's healthcare records and ensuring that
confidential information is securely kept.
Those in healthcare information systems must have
tremendous attention to detail.
They are responsible for maintaining, updating, and
securing all of a patient's healthcare information.
Healthcare service
providers who use HIM
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Hospitals
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Nursing and residential care facilities
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Physicians and surgeons
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Other ambulatory health care service
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Medical and diagnostic laboratories
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Dentists and dental clinics
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Home health care services
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Other health practitioners
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Outpatient care centers
Health Information
Professionals
Health information management professionals plan
information systems, develop health policy, and
identify current and future information needs.
They apply the science of informatics to the collection,
storage, use, and transmission of information to meet
the legal, professional, ethical and administrative
records-keeping requirements of health care delivery.
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Health information managers
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Medical records and health information technicians
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Health Information Administrator
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Implementation managers
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Trainers
Electronic Medical Record
System
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Clinicians rely on complete and accurate data in order to
make decisions about patient care.
Without a solid system for health information exchange
in place between facilities, it is impossible to ensure that
a clinician has the entire clinical picture.
Without complete historical information on a patient,
treatment plans are often askew, which can mean
suboptimal, sometimes even lethal, outcomes.
Disadvantages of Electronic
Medical Record System
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Enormous start up costs
Nurses and doctors are unfamiliarity with
technology
Hackers may ultimately be able to penetrate system
despite security precautions
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System is attacked by computer viruses
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Power failure
Hospital Management
Information System
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It is essentially a computer system that can manage all the
information to allow health care providers to do their jobs
effectively.
These systems have been around since they were first
introduced in the 1960s
They manage the data related to the clinic, finance
department, laboratory, nursing, pharmacy and also the
radiology and pathology departments.
The system must be user friendly
and should include training by
the vendors.
Highlights of Hospital
Management Information System
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Patient-centered approach
User-friendly,
applications
easy-to-use
&
web-enabled
Security
&
privacy
(authentication,
authorization, privacy, policy)
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Integration
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Patient identification
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Single log-in
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Data consistency
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Transparency
Records in Health
information Management
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Healthcare quality and safety require that the right
information be available at the right time to support patient
care and health system management decisions.
Health records are archival records or diaries of diagnostic
discoveries
Clinical data include facts about:
1. patient or client’s overall health status and ability to
perform normal bodily functions
2. person’s overall physical, physiological, psychological,
sociological and intellectual characteristics
3. performance of interest to patients and health
professionals.
CLINICAL INFORMATION
SYSTEM (CIS)
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CIS is an information system designed to be used
specifically in the critical care environment.
It integrates the many computer systems found in a modern
hospital, such as pathology and radiology, with an
electronic patient record.
CIS provides easy bedside access for clinicians.
Once the patient is discharged from the Intensive Care unit
the information is printed and placed into the patient’s
medical record.
NURSING INFORMATION
SYSTEM (NIS)
Nurses are the largest single group of health professionals who
directly influence the quality of most health services provided
and their outcomes
The area of concern of nursing ranges from:
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clinical care of individual patients to the administration of health
services
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the management of health problems at all levels of complexity
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including public health and community care,
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occupational and home care,
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school health.
NIS has been defined as a part of a health care information system
that deals with nursing aspects, particularly the maintenance of
the nursing record.