Medical Terminology
Unit Four
Prefixes
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Combining Forms and Suffixes:
Combining Form
Abdomen/o
An/o
Bi/o
Cardi/o
Carp/o
Cis/o
Cost/o
Crani/o
Cutane/o
Meaning
Abdomen
Anus
Life
Heart
Carpals (wrist bones)
Top cut
Ribs
Skull
Skin
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Combining Forms and Suffixes:
Combining Form
Dur/o
Gen/o
Glyc/o
Hemat/o
Later/o
Men/o
Nat/o
Meaning
Dura mater
To produce, to begin
Sugar
Blood
Side
Menses
Birth
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Combining Forms and Suffixes:
Combining Form
Neur/o
Norm/o
Oste/o
Peritone/o
Plas/o
Ren/o
Scapul/o
Son/o
Meaning
Nerve
Rule, order
Bone
Peritoneum
Formation, growth, development
Kidney
Scapula
Sound
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Combining Forms and Suffixes:
Combining Form
Thyroid/o
Top/o
Troph/o
Urethr/o
Uter/o
Ven/o
Vertebr/o
Meaning
Thyroid gland
To put, place, position
Development, nourishment
Urethra
Uterus
Vein
Vertebra
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Combining Forms and Suffixes:
Suffix
-al
-ation
-cision
-crine
-dipsia
-emia
-gen
-graphy
-ia
Meaning
Pertaining to
Process, condition
Process of cutting
Secretion
Thirst
Blood condition
To produce
Process of recording
Condition, process
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Combining Forms and Suffixes:
Suffix
-ic
-ine
-ism
-lapse
-lysis
-mission
-mortem
-oma
-ous
Meaning
Pertaining to
Pertaining to
Condition, process
To fall, slide
Loosening, separation,
destruction
To send
Death
Tumor, mass
Pertaining to
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breakdown,
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Combining Forms and Suffixes:
Suffix
-partum
-pathy
-phagia
-phasia
-plasm
-plegia
-pnea
-rrhea
-scopy
-section
Meaning
Birth
Disease condition
To eat, swallow
To speak
Formation
Paralysis
Breathing
Flow, discharge
Process of visual examination
To cut
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Combining Forms and Suffixes:
Suffix
-stasis
-tension
-thesis
-tic
-um
-uria
-y
Meaning
To stand, place, stop, control
Pressure
To put, place
Pertaining to
Structure
Urine condition
Process, condition
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Prefixes and Terminology:
Prefix
a-, an-
abadanaante-
Meaning
Medical Term
Apnea
Aphasia
No,
not,
Atrophy
without
Anemia
Amenorrhea
Away from
Abnormal
Toward, near
Adrenal glands
Up, apart
Analysis
Before
Antepartum
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Meaning
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Prefixes and Terminology:
Prefix
Meaning
anti-
against
bi-
Two, both
brady-
Slow
con-
dia-
With,
together
Through,
complete
Medical Term
Antibody
Antigen
Antibiotic
Bilateral
Bradicardia
Bradipnea
Meaning
Congenital
Diarrhea
Dialysis
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Prefixes and Terminology:
Prefix
dys-
ecendoepi-
Meaning
Medical Term
Dyspnea
bad,
painful, Dysphagia
difficult,
Dysplasia
abnormal
Dysmenorrhea
Dysuria
Out, outside Ectopic pregnancy
Within,
in, Endoscopy
inner
Endocrine glands
Epidural hematoma
Above, upon
Epidermis
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Meaning
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Prefixes and Terminology:
Prefix
ExExtraHemi-
Hyper-
HypoIn-
Meaning
Out
Outside of
Medical Term
Excision
Extrahepatic
Hemigastrectomy
Half
Hemiplegia
Hyperthyroidism
Excessive, too Hypertrophy
much, above
Hypertension
Hyperglycemia
Deficit, too little,
Hypoglycemia
below
In, into
Incision
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Meaning
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Prefixes and Terminology:
Prefix
Meaning
Inter-
Between
Intra-
Within
Mal-
Bad
Meta-
Change, beyond
Medical Term
Intervertebral
Intercostal
Intrauterine
Intravenous
Malignant
Malabsorption
Malnutrition
Metastasis
Metacarpal
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Meaning
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Prefixes and Terminology:
Prefix
Neo-
Para-
Peri-
Meaning
Medical Term
Neoplasm
Neoplastic
New
Neoborn
Neonatal
Beside, near, Parathyroid glands
along the side Paralysis
of
Paraplegia
Periosteum
Surrounding
Perianal
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Meaning
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Prefixes and Terminology:
Prefix
Meaning
Poly-
Many, much
Post-
After, behind
Pre-
Before
ProPros-
Before,
forward
Medical Term
Polyuria
Polyneuropathy
Polydipsia
Postpartum
Postmortem
Postoperative
Precancerous
Prenatal
Prolapse
Prosthesis
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Meaning
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Prefixes and Terminology:
Prefix
Meaning
Quadri- Four
ReRetro-
Sub-
Medical Term
Quadriplegia
Relapse
Back, behind
Remission
Resection
Back, behind
Retroperitoneal
Subcostal
Subcutaneous
Under, less than Subtotal
Subscapular
Subarachnoid
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Meaning
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Prefixes and Terminology:
Prefix
SynTachyTransTriUltraUni-
Meaning
With,
together
Fast
Across,
through
Three
Beyond
One
Medical Term
Syndrome
Synchronized
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Transabdominal
Transurethral
Tricuspid valve
Ultrasonography
Unilateral
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Meaning
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Anemias:
Anemia Type
Meaning
Aplastic
Bone marrow fails to produce erythrocytes, leukocytes,
anemia
and platelets.
RBCs are destroyed (-lytic), and bone marrow cannot
Hemolytic
compensate for this loss. (acquired, hereditary, or
anemia
autoimmune)
Iron
Low or absent iron levels lead to low hemoglobin
deficiency
concentration or deficiency of RBCs.
anemia
The mucus membrane of the stomach fails to produce a
Pernicious
factor (intrinsic factor) that is necessary for the
anemia
absorption of vitamin B12 and the proper formation of
RBCs.
Erythrocytes assume an abnormal sickle shape, hereditary.
Sickle
cell
The sikle-shaped cells clump together, causing clots or
anemia
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destruction of RBCs.
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Endoscopies:
Endoscopy
Arthroscopy
Bronchoscopy
Colonoscopy
Cystoscopy
Esophagoscopy
Gastroscopy
Hysteroscopy
Laparoscopy
laryngoscopy
Mediastinoscopy
Proctosigmoidosco
py
Sigmoidoscopy
Meaning
Visual examination of a joint.
Visual examination of the bronchial tubes.
Visual examination of the colon (large intestine).
Visual examination of the urinary bladder.
Visual examination of the esophagus.
Visual examination of the stomach.
Visual examination of the uterus.
Visual examination of the abdomen.
Visual examination of the larynx (voice box)
Visual examination of the mediastinum.
Visual examination of the rectum and sigmoid colon.
Visual examination of7/1/2016
the sigmoid
colon.
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Major endocrine glands and selected
hormones:
Endocrine Gland
Hormones
Adrenal gland
Adrenaline (epinephrine).
Estrogen.
Ovaries
Progesterone
Pancreas
Insulin.
Parathyroid
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
glands
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Pituitary gland
Growth hormone (GH)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Testes
Testosterone
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Syndromes:
Syndrome
Acquired
immunodeficien
cy
syndrome
(AIDS)
Barlow
syndrome
(mitral
valve
prolapse)
Characteristics
Symptoms are severe infections, malignancy (Kaposi
sarcoma and lymphomas), fever, malaise, and
gastrointestinal disturbances. It is caused by a virus that
damages lymphocytes.
Symptoms are murmurs (abnormal heart sounds since
the mitral valce is not closing properly), chest pain,
dyspnea, and fatigue.
Symptoms are pain, tingling, burning, and numbness of
Carpal
tunnel
the hand. The connective tissue fibers in the wrist
syndrome
compress the nerve.
Symptoms include mental retardation, flat face with a
short nose, slanted eyes, broad hands and feet, stubby
Down syndrome
fingers, and protruding lower lip. It occurs whenan extra
Adelcell
Ali, Medical
Terminology
chromosome is present7/1/2016
in each
of the
body.
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