eia-lesson 4

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The economy as a circular process

The economic resources and environmental balance.

1. The economic process as a physical process

1.1 The budget of the materials

1.2 The temodynamics bond to the economic activity

1.3 The flow of the materials in the economic process

2. The recycling

2.1 The typologies of the recycling

2.2 The factors of which we can determine the posssibility

2.3 The sustainability economy

2.4 The rate of recycling

3. The dilemma of the environment economy

4. The definition of the supportable development

The budget of the simplified materials

Extraction

Cultivation Manufacture Consumption

Emission of non-product

Recycling

Environment as waste shelter

Transformation

Activity

Environmental danger

1.2 The term dynamics bond to the economic activity

 The whole material / energy that is extracted from the environment is returned in other form at the end of the economic process

 Not all the discards of the economic activity can be recycled (law of the entropy)

Diagram of the simplified materials flow

Environmental

Resources natural resources Biosphere

Extraction of natural resources and collection activities

Residues emission

Earth, Air , Water

Communal or ambient unloading

The bases of working and manufacturing activity

Residues emission

Basic material: Plates

, Bar, Ingot

Activity of transformation and manufacture

Residues emission i

Final

Products

Distribution

Residues emission

Biosphere

Earth, Air, Water

Consumption

Residues emission

Communal or ambient unloading

2.1 The typologies of the recycling

- INTERNAL RESIDUAL in the process of cultivation

- IMMEDIATE RESIDUAL from the transformation / manufacture

- COMMERCIAL RESIDUAL the wraps and the packings

- POST-USER RESIDUAL the wastes of the families

- THE REUSE of a disuse practice ...

2.2 Factors that influence the possibility of recycling

Volume of the recycled material

- The homogeneity of the material

- The contamination

- The location

They are more easily recycled the residuals of the high part of the economic flow

2.3 The economic support

- To compare the benefit with the private cost

- Keep track of

• The relative prices of the recycled

Material and the non ones the structure

• of final employment of the materials

The technological progress in the use and riuse of the materials

The cultural values of the society

2.4 - Recycling Rate

R = t of recycled material t of available material for the recycling

> If it include the importations of material

> Rate of use (activity of rcicilaggio)

- If it does not include the importations

Recovery rate (effort of recycling)

Can be very different!

3. I The dilemma of the environment economy

 The environment as economic resource

(renewable and not) and as discharge / the environment as welfare to be enjoyed

 The needs of the recent generations and those of the future

How can the economy of market harmonize all these demands?

4. The supportable development

 Definition of the Bruntland Commission:

A development that satisfies the demands of the present without compromising the possibility of the future generations to satisfy their own needs is supportable

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