Stateless Nation: The Kurds Unreliable, untrustworthy traitors, or nationalist, freedomloving patriots, or what? 1 Point of View • Turkey, Iraq, Iran, and Syria may see the Kurds as unreliable, untrustworthy traitors who want to break apart those countries. • The Kurds are a nation – a people with a sense of common ethnicity, history, and purpose. They see their cause as nationalist patriotism. • Neither the UN or any country has taken up their cause and supported the creation of an independent Kurdistan. 2 Where the Kurds Live 3 One View of a Kurdish State 4 Some Productive Areas 5 6 7 Hard work pays off 8 Some Marginal Land 9 10 Some Barren Land Once a part of the Roman Empire 11 12 13 Some Scenic Land 14 Some Urban Landscapes – The Old and the New 15 16 17 Iraq & Genocide 18 Halabja Gas Attack, 1988 After the attack and before reconstruction 19 Saddam Hussein ordered the use of weapons of mass destruction 20 21 Desolation After the Attack 22 Those who didn’t die were left scarred physically and emotionally The mourners The wounded 23 Halabja has been rebuilt, but the horror has not been forgotten. 24 1991 Gulf War • Kurds backed the attacking allied forces against the government of Iraq. • The northern No-Fly Zone was established to stop Saddam Hussein from retaliating against the Kurds. • What will happen to the Kurds in Iraq if there is another war in 2003? 25 The Future? • As long as there are Kurdish people, there will be a Kurdish nation. • Will there ever be a Kurdish state for the Kurdish nation? 26