AWL WITH DEFINITIONS Verb Noun Adjective Adverb WEEK FOUR (SUBLIST TWO, continued) strategy, n.: achieve success A plan to help a person, business, army, etc. • We’re working on new strategies to improve our share of the market. strategy, strategist strategic survey, v.: To ask people questions in order to learn their opinions; To examine all of s.t. very carefully; To measure an area of land and make a map of it • The researchers surveyed the attitudes of 2,500 college students. • He got out of the car and surveyed the damage. • We need to survey the area carefully to find the best route for the new road. n.: A collections of opinions that are gathered by asking people questions; A description of a whole subject • A recent survey revealed the unpopularity of the governor’s decision. • Our textbook is a survey of the period between the two world wars. survey survey, surveyor text, n.: The written words in a book, magazine, webpage, etc. (not the pictures) • The book has 100 pages of text and close to the same number of illustrations. text textual tradition, n.: A belief or way of acting which people in a particular society or group have continued to follow for a very long time • Fireworks are a longstanding tradition at midnight on New Year’s Eve. tradition, traditionalist traditional transfer, v.: To move s.o. or s.t. from one place, vehicle, person, business, etc. to another; To change to a different job, team, job location, etc. to another • The patient was transferred to a psychiatric hospital. • After a year he transferred to University College, Dublin. transfer transfer, transference transferable (SUBLIST THREE) alternative, n.: usual A different choice, especially from what is • Solar and wind energy are alternatives to fuels that pollute the environment. adj.: Describing a different plan or choice, esp. from what is usual; Describing unusual things or activities that are very popular with a small group of people • Solar and wind are good alternative energy choices. alternate alternative alternative Verb Noun Adjective circumstances, pl. n.: the way it is Adverb Facts or events that make a situation • Police can’t solve the crime until they know all of the circumstances. circumstances comment, v.: To say or write s.t. expressing one’s opinion • The official refused to comment on the matter. n.: Something that s.o. says or writes that expresses their opinion • The official made no comments on the matter. comment comment, commentary, commentator compensate, v.: To pay s.o. money to pay for losing or damaging something of theirs • If you’ll fill out this survey, we’ll compensate you for your time. compensate compensation compensatory component, n.: A part which combines with other parts to form s.t. larger and more complex • The two major components of the course are reading skills and vocabulary. component consent, v.: To agree to do s.t., or to allow s.o. to do s.t. • He courted her for a year before she would consent to marry him. n.: Permission or agreement for s.o. to do s.t. • They can’t publish your name without your consent. consent consent, consensus considerable, adj.: consenting Large or of noticeable importance • The fire caused considerable damage to the church. considerable constant, n.: A particular number or amount that never changes • Up here the temperature varies, but the wind is a constant. adj.: Staying the same, or not becoming less or more; Frequent • You’ll save on gas if you drive at a constant speed. • He’s in constant trouble with the police. constancy constrain, v.: constant To control and limit s.t. • The country’s progress was constrained by the leader’s refusal to look forward. constrain constraint contribute, v.: To give s.t., esp. money, in order to help a group provide or accomplish s.t.; To write articles for a newspaper, magazine or book • Our class contributed $500 to the charity. • She contributes to several magazines. contribute Verb contribution, contributor Noun Adjective Adverb convene, v.: To arrange a meeting for a group of people, or to gather together for a meeting • The CEO convened a meeting of all the department heads. convene convention conventional coordinate, v.: To make various different things work together as a whole; To combine different clothing, etc. so that they look good together • If we coordinate our efforts, we can distribute more food to the needy. • This rug would coordinate well with our living room furniture. coordinate coordination, coordinator coordinated core, n.: The center of s.t.; The most basic or most important part of s.t. • The Earth’s core is a hot, molten mix of iron and nickel. • Lack of government funding is at the core of the problem. core corporate, adj.: Related to a large company • The best parking spots were reserved for the corporate executives. corporation corporate correspond, v.: To match or be similar or equal; To communicate by letter or email • The name on the credit card doesn’t correspond to the name on the driver’s license. • I’ve been corresponding with some experts in the field. correspond correspondence corresponding criteria, pl. n.: Standards that people use to judge, decide about, or deal with s.t. (Note that this noun is usually used in the plural; the singular form is criterion.) • What are their criteria for choosing the winning photograph? criterion, criteria deduce, v.: To reach an answer or a decision by thinking carefully about the known facts • The FBI deduced that the bomb had been hidden in someone’s backpack. deduce deduction demonstrate, v.: something works To show or make clear, especially about how • Research has demonstrated that babies can recognize their mother’s voice soon after birth. demonstrate demonstration, demonstrator demonstrative, demonstrable document, v.: To write or otherwise record the details of an event, a process, etc. • The disadvantages of this method have been well documented. n.: A paper, set of papers, or computer-stored text with written or printed information, especially of an official type • I had to send them the original of my birth certificate and other documents. document document, documentation documented Verb Noun Adverb Adjective dominate, v.: To have control over a place or a person, or to be the most important person or thing • He dominates every conversation. dominate domination, dominance dominant emphasis, n.: The particular special importance or attention that s.o. gives to s.t.; The extra force that is given to a word or part of a word when s.o. says it • We should put as much emphasis on preventing disease as we do on curing it. • The emphasis is on the final syllable. emphasize ensure, v.: emphasis emphatic To make sure that s.t. will happen • What steps does the company take to ensure the quality of their product? ensure exclude, v.: To prevent s.o. or s.t. from entering a place or taking part in an activity; To intentionally not include s.o. or s.t. • Women are still excluded from the club. • The price excludes taxes. exclude exclusion exclusive, excluded framework, n.: A supporting structure around which s.t. can be built; A system of rules, ideas or beliefs that is used to plan or decide s.t. • A greenhouse is made of glass panels fitted into a metal framework. • The old plan makes a good framework on which we can build. framework fund, v.: To provide the money to pay for an event, activity or organization • The company has agreed to fund my trip to Australia. n.: An amount of money saved, collected or provided for a particular purpose • The hospital has set up a special fund to buy new equipment. fund fund, funds, funder funded illustrate, v.: To draw, photograph, etc. pictures for a text in a book, magazine, website, etc.; To explain s.t. more clearly, esp. by giving examples • This beautiful children’s book was illustrated by the author. • These statistics illustrate the point that I was making. illustrate illustration, illustrator illustrative, illustrated immigrate, v.: To come to live in another country • The family immigrated when the children were so young that they learned English easily. immigrate imply, v.: directly immigration, immigrant To suggest an idea or feeling without saying it • Are you implying that I’m wrong? imply Verb implication Noun implied Adjective initial, v.: To write your initials on s.t. Adverb • Just initial these sections and then sign on the bottom line. n.: The first letter of a name, esp. when used to represent that name • They carved their initials into a tree. adj.: Of or at the beginning • Initial news reports suggest that the governor is winning the election. initial initial initial, initialed instance, n.: A particular situation, event or fact, often an example of s.t. that happens generally • There have been several instances of violence at the school. instance interact, v.: To communicate with or react to another person or other persons • How well does she interact with the other children? interact interaction interactive justify, v.: To give a good reason for s.t. • I can’t really justify taking another day off work. justify layer, v.: justification justified To arrange s.t. in layers • Layer the sliced potatoes with slices of onion. n.: A level of material, such as a type of rock or gas, which is different from the material above or below it, or a thin sheet of a substance • There was a thin layer of oil on the surface of the road. layer layer layered