This activity contains 25 questions.
The two classes of cells found in the human body are
bone cells and endocrine cells.
muscular and nervous.
sex cells and somatic cells.
permanent and temporary.
The two main lipids found in the structure of the plasmalemma are
cholesterol and phospholipids.
prostaglandins and phospholipids.
cholesterol and triglycerides.
prostaglandins and triglycerides.
The plasmalemma is said to be selectively permeable because
they allow the free passage of some materials and restrict the
passage of others.
they permit the free passage of all materials.
they pump substances from one side of the membrane to another.
they permit the passage of no materials.
The movement of solutes from an area of high concentration to an area of
lower concentration is an example of
active transport.
vesicular transport.
diffusion.
osmosis.
The movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an
area of lower concentration is an example of
osmosis.
passive transport.
pinocytosis.
diffusion.
A solution that contains a solute concentration greater than that in a cell is
said to be
isotonic.
hypertonic.
hypotonic.
microtonic.
Hemolysis occurs when a red blood cell is placed in a(n)
isotonic solution.
hypotonic solution.
hypertonic solution.
microtonic solution.
Facilitated diffusion is
a process in which vesicles formed inside cells fuse with the cell
membrane and discharge their contents outside the cell.
a process in which a molecule is carried across a membrane with the
help of membrane-bound carriers.
a process in which molecules are forced by hydrostatic pressure
across a membrane.
a process that requires ATP to move a substance against a
concentration gradient.
Active transport is
a process that requires ATP to pump molecules across a membrane
against a concentration gradient.
a process in which molecules are forced across a membrane by
hydrostatic pressure.
a process in which vesicles formed inside the cell fuse with the
plasmalemma and discharge their contents outside the cell.
a process in which molecules are moved into cells with the aid of
membrane-bound carriers.
When you describe the effects of various osmotic solutions on cells, you
use the term
osmosis.
tonicity.
osmolarity.
hydrostatic pressure.
Exocytosis is
a process in which molecules are moved into a cell along a
concentration gradient with the help of membrane-bound carriers.
a process that requires ATP to move a substance across a membrane
against its concentration gradient.
a process in which vesicles formed inside the cell fuse with the
plasmalemma and discharge their contents outside the cell.
a process in which molecules are forced by hydrostatic pressure
across a membrane.
Which of the following membrane transport mechanisms requires ATP?
Pinocytosis
Facilitated diffusion
Osmosis
Filtration
Which of the following is TRUE regarding the Na+/K+ exchange pump?
This is a passive process.
It exchanges intracellular K+ for extracellular Na+.
The rate of ion transport is only dependent on the concentration of
sodium ions.
Three Na+ ions are exchanged for every two K+ ions.
In which phase of interphase does DNA replication take place?
S
G1
G0
G2
Centrioles
are found in all animal cells capable of undergoing cell division.
are found in pairs in nondividing cells.
have a 9 + 0 arrangement of microtubules.
All of the above are true.
The primary components of the cytoskeleton that give the cells strength
and rigidity and anchor organelles are the
thick filaments.
intermediate filaments.
microtubules.
microfilaments.
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is
the site of chromosome attachment.
the site of lipid synthesis.
the site of polysaccharide synthesis.
the site of protein synthesis.
Lysosomes
are the sites of protein synthesis.
contain digestive enzymes.
are the sites of lipid synthesis.
are important sources of ATP production.
What type of ribosome can be found attached to the rough endoplasmic
reticulum?
Small ribosomal subunits
Fixed ribosomes
Free ribosomes
Large ribosomal subunits
What is the continuous movement and exchange of membrane sections
called?
Membrane flow
Glycolysis
Endocytosis
Transcription
The TCA cycle
occurs inside mitochondria.
is aerobic.
is important in ATP production.
All of the above are true.
The process resulting in the assembly of a functional protein from
messenger RNA is called
transcription.
DNA synthesis.
elongation.
translation.
The process by which messenger RNA is formed from DNA is called
transcription.
elongation.
translation.
DNA synthesis.
The stages of mitosis, in the correct order, are
prophase, telophase, metaphase, and anaphase.
prophase, metaphase, telophase, and anaphase.
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
anaphase, metaphase, telophase, and prophase.
Genetically controlled cell death is called
mitosis.
apoptosis.
interphase.
meiosis.
This activity contains 11
questions.
Which of the following components of the cell is not composed of
microtubules?
Mitotic spindle
Centriole
Flagella
Microvilli
Cilia
If a large, lipid-insoluble solute wanted to move passively through the
plasmalemma, which transport mechanism would it need to use?
Facilitated diffusion
Simple diffusion
Channel-mediated diffusion
Osmosis
Primary active transport
Which of the following statements about membrane permeability is
FALSE?
Active processes require the use of energy from the cell, usually in
the form of ATP.
Vesicular transport is always an active process.
Carrier-mediated transport may use either passive or active
processes.
The only basis on which membrane permeability to a substance is
regulated is the electrical charge of the substance.
Cell membranes are described as selectively permeable because
they permit passage of some materials and restrict passage of other
materials.
Which of these statements about osmosis is FALSE?
Osmosis is important in the body in fluid shifts that counter severe
alterations in water content.
Hydrostatic pressure is a force generated by pushing against a fluid,
and it can be used to oppose osmotic pressure and measure it.
The osmotic pressure of a solution increases as the amount of water
in it increases.
Normal saline, with 0.9 g/dL of NaCl in water, can be used as a
blood volume extender because it is isotonic to blood cells.
Water flows by osmosis across a membrane toward the solution
with the higher solute concentration.
Which of these statements about transmembrane potential is FALSE?
The transmembrane potential of a cell is the result of equal
distribution of ions and charges on both sides of the cell membrane.
The average transmembrane potential of a neuron is about -70 mV.
Transmembrane potentials in neurons average about 0.070 volts
more negative inside the cell membrane than outside it.
Changes in the transmembrane potential can be used to transfer
information or trigger muscle contraction.
A transmembrane potential contains potential energy that can be
changed or used to do work in a cell.
Which of these statements about the cytoplasm and cytosol is FALSE?
Cytosol is a colloid with a consistency between that of maple syrup
and almost-set gelatin.
Masses of insoluble materials in the cytosol, or inclusions, include
glycogen and lipids.
Carbohydrates in the cytoplasm are usually broken down to provide
energy for metabolism.
Cytosol has a relatively high concentration of potassium ions.
Cytosol has a relatively high concentration of soluble and insoluble
carbohydrates.
Which of these statements about the cytoskeleton is FALSE?
The neurofilaments of neurons are intermediate filaments.
Microtubules assemble and disassemble as needed to change the
shape of a cell.
Microtubules are hollow tubes formed from the protein tubulin.
Microfilaments are the primary components of the cytoskeleton,
anchoring organelles in place.
Actin microfilaments interact with thick filaments of myosin in
skeletal and cardiac muscle cells.
Which of these statements about chromosome structure is FALSE?
DNA strands wound around histone proteins form structures called
nucleosomes.
Each chromosome contains DNA strands bound to histone proteins,
which help package the DNA.
The nucleoli contain genetic information for building the ribosomal
proteins and RNA.
Most of the DNA of a nucleus is concentrated in nucleoli when it is
uncoiled.
What does M-phase promoting factor do?
It stimulates division and differentiation of lymphocytes.
It stimulates nerve cell repair and development.
It triggers the start of mitosis.
It inhibits cell division.
Which of these statements is NOT correct?
A polyribosome is the structure formed when ribosomes bind to
endoplasmic reticulum.
Control of metabolic processes by the information in DNA is
indirect, because it is the enzymes, not the metabolic processes, that
are controlled by the DNA.
Protein synthesis is directly under the control of information from
DNA nucleotide sequences, as transcribed into mRNA.
Mutations are permanent alterations in a cell's DNA affecting the
nucleotide sequence of one or more genes.
Which of these statements about cancer is FALSE?
Secondary tumors are metabolically active and can stimulate the
growth of blood vessels into the area.
Cancer is a disease characterized by malignant cells, which often
change shape and size.
Cells in a benign tumor have stopped responding to normal controls
over their activities and locations.
Malignant cells contain oncogenes that affect cell growth,
differentiation, or division.
Malignant cells are able to invade nearby tissue and metastasize to
distant locations.
This activity contains 6 questions.
Put the following statements about receptor-mediated endocytosis into the
proper order by matching them with (1) earliest to (7) latest:
Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the
corresponding item in the right column.
1.1
1
1.2
2
The bound receptor migrates to a coated pit region of
the membrane surface.
The coated pit forms a coated vesicle by endocytosis.
1.3
3
1.4
4
1.5
5
The receptor is separated from the ligand and recycled
to the cell surface.
A ligand binds an unoccupied cell surface receptor.
The ligand is broken down and its products enter the
cytosol across the vesicle membrane.
The internalized vesicle binds to a primary lysosome.
1.6
6
Match each process to the responsible organelle:
Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the
corresponding item in the right column.
2.1 Detoxifies/inactivates drugs in liver
2.2 Flat saccules that package
secretions
Ribosome
Smooth ER
2.3 Produces proteins on linked
ribosomes
2.4 Contains enzymes of TCA cycle
Rough ER
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
2.5 The site of the translation step in
protein synthesis
Put the following steps of translation into the proper order by matching
them to (1) first through (6) last:
Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the
corresponding item in the right column.
3.1
1
3.2
2
3.3
3
3.4
4
mRNA binds a light ribosomal subunit, and the start
codon binds a tRNA carrying methionine.
Termination occurs when a stop codon is reached in the
mRNA being read.
Each tRNA binds to the next codon of the mRNA,
adding amino acids to the polypeptide chain.
The ribosome breaks the amino acid off its tRNA and
attaches it to its neighbor by a peptide bond.
Elongation begins as a second tRNA's anticodon binds
3.5
5
3.6
6
the next codon on the mRNA.
A heavy ribosomal subunit joins the complex to create
a complete ribosome.
Match the following events to the proper phase or process of mitosis:
Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the
corresponding item in the right column.
4.1 Chromatid pairs separate and move
toward opposite sides of the cell.
4.2 Chromosomes align down the center of
the cell.
Cytokinesis
Anaphase
4.3 The cytoplasm splits to form daughter
cells.
4.4 Chromosomes appear, the nucleoli
disappear, and the nuclear envelope
disappears.
Prophase
Telophase
Metaphase
4.5 Spindle fibers break down and
chromatin appears.
Match the following membrane functions with the structure responsible for
each:
Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the
corresponding item in the right column.
5.1 Physical isolation
5.2 Cell-to-cell recognition
Glycocalyx
Carrier proteins
5.3 Structural support
Channel proteins
5.4 Ligand binding
5.5 Transporting solutes across
the membrane
5.6 Passageway completely across
cell membrane
Extracellular protein
fibers
Receptor proteins
Phospholipid bilayer
Match each process to the responsible organelle:
Using the pull-down menus, match each item in the left column to the
corresponding item in the right column.
6.1 Smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
Lipid and carbohydrate synthesis
Neutralizes toxic compounds
6.2 Lysosome
Is essential for the movement of
chromosomes during cell division
6.3 Peroxisome
6.4 Cilia
6.5 Centrosome
Removes damaged organelles or
pathogens
Moves materials over the surface of
the cell
This activity contains 5 questions.
Chromatin condenses into chromosomes in telophase.
True
False
Facilitated diffusion differs from active transport in that active transport
requires the expenditure of ATP and facilitated diffusion does not.
True
False
A hypotonic solution contains more solutes than a cell.
True
False
The endoplasmic reticulum is called rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) if
mitochondria are associated with the membrane.
True
False
DNA replication is the process by which the DNA makes a copy of itself
during interphase.
True
False
This activity contains 4 questions.
In a phospholipid bilayer, the outer surfaces contain
heads.
When a red blood cell is placed into a
occurs.
solution, crenation
In a phospholipid bilayer, the inner portion of the membrane contains
tails of the component molecules.
The specialization process that occurs when a gene switches off restricting
the cell's functional abilities is called
.