13.1
Mexico wins Independence from Spain in 1821
Manifest Destiny-America’s destiny is to spread from sea to shinning sea and
possess the whole continent which is given us from God
13.2 EXPANDING TO THE WEST
Santa Fe Trail: Opened up the Southwest to Americans
Oregon Trail:
Opened up the Northwest to Americans
Women in the West: More rights were given to women in the West because
they were necessary for survival
CONFLICT WITH MEXICO
13.3
WHY IT MATTERS
Mexico became independent in 1821
American traders travel to Southwest along the Santa Fe Trail
Americans move into Mexican province of Texas
Growing tensions between Americans and Mexican government in
Texas region
TEXAS WINS INDEPENDENCE
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ANNEXING TEXAS AND OREGON
Election of 1844: Pres. John Tyler favored the annexation of Texas
but unfortunately he was not elected for a second term.
Three candidates for 1844: Henry Clay (Loser), John Tyler and
James K. Polk
Polk wins because of his desire to annex Texas and Oregon and to
fulfill Manifest Destiny
Polk’s slogan: 54 40 or fight.
TEXAS ANNEXATION
•
•
John Tyler as Congress to Annex Texas before he
leaves office.
1845 Congress approves Texas as a slave state
TO ACHIEVE MANIFEST DESTINY,
NEED SEA FROM SHINING SEA.
FIFTY FOUR FORTY OR FIGHT
49 PARALLEL
•
•
Was jointly owned with
Britain
Compromise with
Britain
TENSIONS WITH MEXICO
*Mexico never formally
recognized Texas
independence
*Mexican government claimed
southern boundary as Nueces
river and Texas claimed Rio
Grande.
POLK SENDS GENERAL ZACHARY
TAYLOR TO DISPUTED LAND
SOUTH OF THE NUECES
Must defend American soil!
POLK CLAIMS “AMERICAN BLOOD
UPON AMERICAN SOIL” TO
CONVINCE CONGRESS TO
DECLARE WAR ON MEXICO
It worked:
War on
Mexico
Declared!
OPPOSITION TO THE WAR
• Many Northerners
claimed that the
Southerners and
Westerners just
wanted to extend
slavery and the war
was provoked.
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ACHIEVING MANIFEST DESTINY
Mexico surrenders and under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in
1848, the war ended
Under the treaty, Mexico recognized the annexation of Texas and
ceded the Mexican Cession
USA will paid 18 million dollars to Mexico
In 1853, Gadsden Purchase paid Mexico 10 million for a narrow
strip of land for railroad right of ways
Manifest Destiny is achieved.
MANIFEST DESTINY IS
ACHIEVED BY 1853