Physiology 31 Lab Exam #5 Study Recommendations
Lab exam #5 will consist of questions to assess your understanding of information from Labs
39A & 39B (Digestive Physiology), and 45 (Heredity). The exam will be mainly fill-ins and
short answer questions, with some matching multiple choice questions, for which you will need a
#882 Scantron. Be sure to refer to the lab manual explanations in each lab and the Review
Sheets assigned for homework as you prepare for the exam. A review of the lecture notes that
pertain to these exercises would be helpful. Also, be able to apply the information learned to real
life situations.
Labs 39A & 39B – Digestive Physiology (These are both essentially the same lab.)
- What procedures and reagents were used to test for the presence of starch, monosaccharides,
proteins, and lipids? What constituted positive results vs. negative results for each substrate?
What were the positive and negative controls in each test?
- What enzymes are involved in the chemical digestion of starches, proteins, and lipids, and what
organs produce the enzymes? What is the optimal pH for each enzyme? (Hint: think about
where the enzymes are active in the GI tract.)
- What are the end products of starch, protein, and lipid digestion?
- Is bile an enzyme? If not, what is it and what is its function? What organ produces bile, and
where is excess bile stored?
Lab 45 & Genetics Worksheet
- Compare and contrast complete and incomplete dominance. Give examples of each.
- What is the difference between a homologous chromosome pair and a pair of chromatids?
- How are genes and alleles related? How are dominant and recessive alleles related?
- Explain what is meant by homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive.
- Of the 23 pairs of chromosomes normally found in human cells, how many are autosomes and
how many are sex chromosomes? How do the sex chromosomes of the male and female differ?
- What are X-linked traits? Give an example of an X-linked trait. Do Y chromosomes contain
any alleles for X-linked traits?
- What is the difference between an organism’s genotype and its phenotype for a given trait?
- Compare and contrast autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive disorders, and give an
example of each.
- Be able to set up and solve simple monogenetic inheritance problems, such as those done in
class. Also be able to solve simple probability problems, similar to those in Lab 45, Activity 4.