Chapter 3
1. Which of the following peoples had the LEAST direct influence on the development of
Roman culture? a. the Greeks b. the Latins c. the Hittites d. the Etruscans
2. The powerful landowners of ancient Rome were known as a. plebeians. b. patricians. c. princeps. d. consuls.
3. The Punic Wars were waged between Rome and a. Carthage. b. Etruria. c. Athens. d. Alexandria.
4. The civil and military authority of Rome was known as the a. imperium. b.
res publica. c.
equites. d. jus civilis.
5. Which of the following statements best captures Seneca’s Stoic philosophy? a. “Succumb to one’s passions.” b. “Never give in to fate.” c. “Work to achieve peace of mind.” d. “Follow one’s heart, not one’s mind.”
6. Catullus dedicated some of his poems to a woman he called Lesbia, a nod to the influence of which poet on his work? a. Virgil b. Sappho c. Homer d. Horace

7. Juvenal was Rome’s a. most famous satirist. b. preeminent Stoic philosopher. c. leading writer of love poetry. d. strongest supporter of women’s rights.
8. The hero of Virgil’s Aeneid is a native of a. Rome. b. Athens. c. Egypt. d. Troy.
9. Which Roman poet’s risqué The Art of Love led Octavian to send him into exile? a. Ovid b. Horace c. Cicero d. Virgil
10. Romans innovated the use of which building material, which made large-scale architectural constructions much cheaper to build? a. steel b. concrete c. marble d. granite
11. A series of arches placed back to back produces a. an atrium. b. a dome. c. a barrel vault. d. an apse.
12. The immediate consequence of the assassination of Julius Caesar was a. a struggle for power between his first lieutenant and his adopted son. b. the collapse of the Roman Empire. c. the restoration of the Roman Republic. d. an end to Rome’s civil strife and establishment of the Pax Romana .
13. Roman baths typically centered on a rectangular colonnaded hall known as a. a dome. b. a basilica. c. a megalith. d. an arcade.

14. Roman artists used the technique later known as trompe l’oeil
in order to a. trick the eye into perceiving depth on a flat surface. b. enhance the brightness of a painting’s colors. c. add realistic detail to marble statuary. d. All these answers are correct.
15. Which of the following landmarks commemorated Roman military victories? a. the Pantheon b. the Maison Carrée c. Trajan’s Column d. the Pont du Gard
16. There is little surviving evidence with which to judge Rome’s accomplishments in the field of a. architecture. b. literature. c. sculpture. d. music.
17. Roman portraits were a. typically more idealized than the sculpture of Greece. b. typically more realistic than the sculpture of Greece. c. always cast in bronze. d. found only at gravesites.
18. The Pantheon was dedicated to a. Augustus. b. the planetary deities. c. Julius Caesar. d. Marcus Aurelius.
19. Han China and the Roman Empire a. traded by way of Asian intermediaries. b. were comparable in geographic size, power, and prestige. c. produced lengthy historical chronicles. d. All these answers are correct.
20. The life-sized figures found in the tomb of the first emperor of the Qin dynasty are made of a. marble. b. stone. c. wood. d. terracotta.

21. In contrast with Rome, imperial China under the Qin and Han left no landmark a. large-scale defenses. b. epic poems. c. love poems. d. historical chronicles.