Chapter 37
Review Passive Verbs
The subject receives the action of
the verb.
active
The man builds a house.
passive
A house is built by the man.
Many sentences using the passive voice require
the ablative of agent. The ablative case is
used after the preposition a, ab which is
translated by.
Puer a patre amatur.
The boy is loved by his father.
How can you tell the difference between the ablative of agent,
ablative of
manner and ablative of means? Study the examples below:
Urbs telis muniebatur.
The city was fortified with weapons.
ablative of means – no preposition
Urbs a militibus muniebatur.
The city was fortified by soldiers.
ablative of agent – preposition a
Urbs magnā cum diligentiā muniebatur.
The city was fortified with great diligence.
ablative of manner – preposition cum
Activity 1: Conjugate the following regular verbs in the
passive voice in the tense indicated.
Latin singular English
singular
1st:
2nd:
3rd:
Latin plural
English
plural
Deponent Verbs
Look at these sentences.
Praedones eum consecuti sunt.
The robbers overtook him.
Semper loqueris.
You are always talking.
Brundisio proficiscetur.
He will set out from Brundisium.
In each of the above examples, the Latin verb in
boldface has a passive ending but its meaning is
active. Verbs that behave in this way are called
deponent verbs.
1.
2.
3.
Deponent verbs are always active in
meaning and passive in form.
Deponent verbs occur in all four
conjugations.
Deponent verbs only have three principal
parts.
Conjugations:
1st:
conor, conāri, conatus sum, to try
moror, morari, moratus sum, to delay, remain, stay
2nd:
vereor, verēri, veritus sum, to be afraid, fear
3rd:
collabor, collabi, collapsus sum, to collapse
consequor, consequi, consecutus sum, to catch up, overtake
loquor, loqui, locutus sum, to speak, talk
proficiscor, proficisci, profectus sum, to set out, leave
sequor, sequi, secutus sum, to follow
(-io)
egredior, egredi, egressus sum, to go out, leave
ingredior, ingredi, ingressus sum, to go in, enter
regredior, regredi, regressus sum, to go back, return
4th:
experior, experīri, expertus sum, to test, try
Perfect participles:
regular verbs: Itaque coquus vocatus ab omnibus laudatus est.
Therefore the cook, having been summoned,
was praised by everyone.
deponent verbs:
Pueri in vias urbis egressi mox ludo
appropinquabant.
They boys, having gone out into the streets
of the city, soon were approaching the
school.
Activity 2: Conjugate the following deponent verbs in the tense indicated.
Latin
singular
1st:
2nd:
3rd:
English
singular
Latin plural
English plural
Activity 3: Translate into English
1. proficiscuntur
6. egrederis
2. experiemini
7.
3. secuti eramus
8. sequor
4. moratae sunt
9. collabi
5. verebimur
10. consequebatur
Activity 4: Translate the following sentences.
1.
Quid puellae facere conantur? Puellae pallam
facere conantur. Quid tu facere conaris? Ego
laborāre conor. Quid vos facere conamini? Nos
dormire conamur.
2.
Quando nos visitāre conaberis? Ego mox vos
visitāre conabor. Amici mei quoque vos vistāre
conabuntur. Nos omnes eodem die vos visitāre
conabimur.
3.
Quis loquitur? Ego non loquebar. Nos cum
magistro loquebamur.
4.
Quo pueri proficiscuntur? Romam proficiscuntur.
Nos cum eis proficiscemur. Nonne vos quoque
proficisci vultis?
5.
Quando pueri e ludo egredientur? Pueri e ludo
egredientur sexta hora. Egredieturne cum pueris
magister? Mimime vero! Magister in ludo
morabitur.
6.
Quando tu proficscēris? Ubi mater domum
regressa erit, ego proficiscar. Puer prima luce
proficiscetur. Servi nunc proficisci non possunt.
Mox sequentur.
7.
Paulisper in urbe morati sumus. Cur morati estis?
Ego moratus sum quod patrem vidēre volebam.
Amici mei morati sunt quod aedifica urbis vidēre
volebant.
8.
Prima luce servi Cornelii in vias egressi sunt.
Illos praedones scelestos sequi conati sunt sed
eos consequi non potuerunt.
9.
Noli in lecto diutius morāri, Sexte. Conāre illos
versus Vergilii memoriā tenēre. Fortasse a
grammatico hodie laudaberis si non nimis
loquēris.