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Industrial Revolution
Defined
• Refers to the greatly increased
output of machine made good
that began in Great Britain,
spread to Continental Europe
and North America, in the late
18th and the 19th century
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Factors that led to the Industrial
Revolution
1. Enclosure Movement-Wealthy
landowners fenced in large areas of
land and rented it out to smaller
farmers or forced them off the land
2. Crop Rotation-new methods of
farming that encouraged growing a
different crop each year to preserve
the fertility of the land
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Factors that led to the Industrial
Revolution
3. Improvements in Livestock-Farmers
began to breed only their best animals
to increase the size and quality of the
livestock
4. Population Explosion-more food and
improved living conditions led to more
people, especially in the cities. These
people would become the work force
in the factories.
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Why Great Britain???
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Why Great Britain???
1. Abundant Natural
resources
• Britain had
–Iron
–Coal
–Waterpowerto build
factories
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Why Great Britain???
2. Favorable
Geography
• Britain is an
island with many
natural harbors
for bringing in
raw materials and
shipping out
manufactured
goods
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Why Great Britain???
• 3. Favorable Climate
of new ideas
• Due to the
Scientific
Revolution and
the Renaissance
there was
interest in
science and
technology
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Why Great Britain???
4. Solid Banking
system
• Banks encouraged
business people to
invest in factories
and inventions by
providing the loans
needed to start and
expand businesses.
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Why Great Britain???
5. Political Stability
• Great Britain was
not fighting any
prolonged war or
other international
disputes that would
strain the economy.
Those they did fight
were not on
England’s soil and
their victories gave
them a superior
attitude.
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Why Great Britain???
• 6. Government
Support
• Parliament
passed laws
that protected
the business
owners and
helped them
expand.
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Why Great Britain???
** Other
countries had
some of
these
factors—Only
Britain had
ALL of
them.**
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The Industrial
Revolution was
really 6
Revolutions in
One
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Agricultural
• Changes produced
more food which led to
more people
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Demographic
• People moved from rural areas
to urban areas to work in
factories.
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Commercial
• Mass produced goods
became widely available for
the first time. Factories
replaced homes as the
areas of production.
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Transportation
• Railroads and steam engines replace
the horse and cart as means of power
and transportation
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Iron and Steel
• Steam power enabled people to
make steel which became the
building material of the 20th
Century
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Mentality
The Industrial Revolution
changed the way people
THINK!!! New theories
about the economy and
government were
created: Socialism and
Capitalism.
It changed the way
people think about
jobs/career and TIME!!
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