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Demonstrate knowledge of exercise prescription
Level
3
Credits
7
Purpose
People credited with this unit standard are able to: demonstrate knowledge of
the principles of exercise; demonstrate knowledge of the components of
fitness; explain how various types of training are created; explain potential
reasons for undesirable training responses and poor adaptation, then identify
remedial actions; and identify the role of preparation (warm up) and recovery
(cool down) for various training types.
Subfield
Fitness
Domain
Exercise Prescription
Status
Registered
Status date
20 April 2006
Date version published
20 April 2006
Planned review date
31 December 2011
Entry information
Open.
Replacement information
This unit standard and unit standard 22266 replaced unit
standard 7024.
Accreditation
Evaluation of documentation by NZQA and industry.
Standard setting body (SSB)
Sport, Fitness and Recreation Industry Training
Organisation – Fitness Advisory Group
Accreditation and Moderation Action Plan (AMAP) reference
0069
This AMAP can be accessed at http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/site/framework/search.html.
Special notes
1
The intent of this unit standard is to develop entry level competencies for fitness
industry workers. It involves primarily ‘off-job’ training and assessment.
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2
Specificity in this unit standard has a broader definition than in most textbooks on
exercise prescription. Specificity here relates to all items that may be considered
specific to the prescription situation. This includes items that are specific to the
individual, (their goals, their current state, their preferences and barriers), as well as
items that are specific to the science of adaptation (such as exercise frequency,
intensity, time, type). It is hoped this broader definition will guide exercise practitioners
to consider specific ‘people’ variables as just as important (if not more important) than
the relatively easily understood variables of exercise science relating to prescription.
Elements and performance criteria
Element 1
Demonstrate knowledge of the principles of exercise.
Performance criteria
1.1
The principles of exercise are explained.
Range
reversibility, specificity, overload, progressive overload, variety, rest,
individualisation, ceiling, maintenance, interference.
Element 2
Demonstrate knowledge of the components of fitness.
Performance criteria
2.1
The components of fitness are explained.
Range
muscular strength, power, hypertrophy and endurance, flexibility,
agility, speed, anaerobic fitness and aerobic endurance.
Element 3
Explain how various types of training are created.
Range
muscular strength, power, hypertrophy and endurance, flexibility, agility, speed,
anaerobic fitness and aerobic endurance.
Performance criteria
3.1
Explanation details how the frequency, intensity, time and type (FITT) principles
are manipulated to create different types of training.
Range
FITT principles – frequency (how often, recovery between training
bouts), intensity (how hard, work and rest ratios), time (duration,
repeats), type (mode, location, equipment, environment).
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Element 4
Explain potential reasons for undesirable training responses and poor adaptation, then
identify remedial actions.
Performance criteria
4.1
Undesirable responses that may occur within a single training bout are explained.
Range
4.2
Potential reasons for the responses are explained and actions to rectify are
identified.
Range
4.3
must include but is not limited to – excessive exercise stress
(signs – pale skin, excessive sweating, loss of coordination,
slumped posture, minimal sweating), inability to complete workout
because of fatigue, gastrointestinal disruptions, feelings of dizziness
or illness, heart palpitations.
potential reasons must include but are not limited to – over
reaching within the prescription (FITT principles mismanaged for
client capabilities), exercise participant state prior to exercise
(stress, dehydration, malnourishment/carbohydrate depleted,
hyperhydration, still fatigued, food intake too close to bout),
environmental extremes (excessive heat, cold, exposure to wind
and rain, humidity), caffeine intake, smoking prior;
actions to be taken must include but are not limited to – stopping the
exercise, rehydration, cooling, heating, recovery position, lowering
intensity, further monitoring, emergency procedures, recommending
doctors clearance/check up, recommend review of programme (look
at FITT principles again against client capabilities), ingestion of
carbohydrate, review of session preparation practises.
Signs and symptoms of poor adaptation to training are explained.
Range
less than expected or no improvement in performance, constant
fatigue, sleep disruptions, repeated illness, injury, mood swings,
problems with concentration, headaches, nausea, changes in
eating behaviour, poor adherence.
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4.4
Potential reasons for poor adaptation are explained and actions to rectify are
identified.
Range
potential reasons must include but are not limited to – overreaching within the prescription (FITT principles mismanaged for
client capabilities – too intense or too easy), over training within
the prescription (FITT principles mismanaged for client capabilities
– too frequent/not enough recovery) inadequate nutrition (intake of
energy, hydration, management of eating habit – particularly
feeding frequency), misinterpretation of clients training history and
current fitness level (errors in testing, misrepresentation of
previous training by client) misinterpretation of clients needs
relating to exercise preferences;
actions to be taken must include but are not limited to –
recommending doctor’s clearance/check up, recommend review of
programme (look at FITT principles again against client capabilities
– over reaching reduce intensity, over training reduce
frequency/volume), review of nutritional practises, review testing
procedures and retest if appropriate, review client training history
and preferences.
Element 5
Identify the role of preparation (warm up) and recovery (cool down) for various training types.
Range
training types must include but are not limited to – muscular strength, power,
hypertrophy and endurance, flexibility, agility, speed, anaerobic fitness and
aerobic endurance;
roles may include but are not limited to – safety, psychological preparation,
physiological preparation, environmental conditions.
Performance criteria
5.1
The role of preparation is explained and the characteristics of the preparatory
activity are related to training type and the requirements of the performance.
5.2
The role of recovery is explained and the characteristics of the recovery activity
are related to training type and the requirements for subsequent activity and/or
performance.
Please note
Providers must be accredited by the Qualifications Authority, or an inter-institutional body
with delegated authority for quality assurance, before they can report credits from
assessment against unit standards or deliver courses of study leading to that assessment.
Industry Training Organisations must be accredited by the Qualifications Authority before
they can register credits from assessment against unit standards.
Accredited providers and Industry Training Organisations assessing against unit standards
must engage with the moderation system that applies to those standards.
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Accreditation requirements and an outline of the moderation system that applies to this
standard are outlined in the Accreditation and Moderation Action Plan (AMAP). The
AMAP also includes useful information about special requirements for organisations
wishing to develop education and training programmes, such as minimum qualifications for
tutors and assessors, and special resource requirements.
Comments on this unit standard
Please contact the Sport, Fitness and Recreation Industry Training Organisation
info@sfrito.org.nz if you wish to suggest changes to the content of this unit standard.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016