1) What evolutionary force creates
adaptations
•
•
•
•
A) mutation
B) genetic drift
C) selection
D) migration
2) Adaptations are favored because
•
•
•
•
A) they help the species survive
B) they are more advanced
C) they create a balanced ecosystem
D) they promote the reproduction of the
genes that code for them
• E) all of the above
3) Independent contrasts
• A) are used to ensure statistical independence
of data points in comparative studies
• B) require phylogenetic information about the
group under study
• C) are the differences between taxa that have
arisen after the taxa diverged from a common
ancestor
• D) all of the above
4) trade-offs
• A) affect virtually all traits
• B) cause traits to be optimized not maximized
• C) can be due to functional trade-offs and/or
allocation trade-offs
• D) all of the above
5) Should we expect all traits of all
organisms to be perfectly adapted
• A) yes, selection is sufficiently strong as to
cause adaptation everywhere
• B) no, because evolution is random
• C) no, because environments change over
time and because there are phylogenetic
constraints and trade-offs