2007 Annual Ministerial Review of the High
Level Segment of ECOSOC
Geneva, 2-5 July, 2007
ACHIEVING CAMBODIA MILLENNIUM
DEVELOPMENT GOALS: CHALLENGES AND
OPPORTUNITIES
Ministry of Planning
Royal Government of Cambodia
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OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
 Socio-economic Situation
 Progress in Achieving CMDGs
 Achievement & Gaps in realizing CMDGs
 National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) 2006-
2010.
 Development Challenges
 Way forward
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CAMBODIA SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION
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Total Population (2006) :
14.08 million
Annual population growth (2004) : 1.81%
Population in age group (15-64) : 57%
Children under 15 years
: 39%
Population over 65 year
: 5%
GDP per capita (2006)
: US$ 513
Annual GDP growth (2006)
: 10.80 %
Inflation rate (2006)
: 4.7%
Exchange rate stable US$=Riel
: 4,103
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Global MDGs Vs Cambodia MDGs
Global MDGs
Cambodia MDGs
Timeframe: 1990 to 2015 “8
Goals, 18 Targets (T) and 48
Indicators (Is)”
1993 to 2015 “9 Goals, 25
overall targets (OT) and 106
indicators”
Goal
Goal
Goal
Goal
Goal
Goal
Goal
Goal
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
2
1
1
1
1
2
3
7
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
5 Is
3 Is
4 Is
3 Is
2 Is
7 Is
8 Is
16 Is
Goal 1: 2 OT & 8 Is
Goal 2: 2 OT &10 Is
Goal 3: 4 OT & 20 Is
Goal 4: 1 OT & 7 Is
Goal 5: 1 OT & 9 Is
Goal 6: 2 OT & 17 Is
Goal 7: 3 OT & 14 Is
Goal 8: Not yet localize
Goal 9: 2 OT & 4 Ts
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG
Target 2005
Indicators
Population under
31
poverty line
Prevalence of
underweight
Prevalence of
stunted
Prevalence of
wasted
Household using
iodized salt
36
45 (2000)
35
45 (2000)
13
15(2000)
80
14 (2000)
2005
Target 2010
34.70
(2004)
25
36
37
29
28
7
10
73
90
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
Target 2005
Indicators
1-Net enrolment
95
in primary educ.
-Boy
96
-Girl
94
2- Net enrolment
50
in second. Educ.
-Boy
51
-Girl
49
3- Literacy rate
95
male/female
2006
Target 2010
91.3
100
93
89.7
31.3
100
100
50
32.1
30.4
84.7
50
50
95
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
Target 2005
Indicators
Female commune
8.7
councilor
(2002)
IMR /1,000 live
95 (2000)
births
U5 MR/1,000 live 124 (2000)
births
MMR/100,000
343
births
Birth attended by 32 (2000)
skilled health
2005
Target 2010
14.64
(2007)
66
60
83
75
472
243
44
70
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
Indicators
HIV/AIDS prevalence
15-49 years old
Target 2005
2005
Target 2010
2.3
0.6
0.5
Urban Access to
Drinking water
Urban Access to
sanitation
Rural Access to
Drinking water
68
75.8
85
59
55
67
30
45
Rural Access to
sanitation
12
42.6
(2006)
15.8
(2006)
25
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
ODA:
 ODA is of critical importance in Cambodia as it
represents a very large proportion of public
financial resources.
 Cambodia remains highly aid-dependent at its
present level of development.
 Cambodia’s urgent need is to rapidly move to
a new & expanded era of partnership with the
international community which has provided
extremely financial & technical support in its
fighting against poverty
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
Partnership for Sustainable Development:
 To implement Rome Declaration: the RGC Action
Plan on Harmonization & Alignment 2004-2008
was endorsed in November 2004.
 An important element of this Action Plan is the
RGC’s commitment to prepare a single NSDP
2006-2010 that will serve as a framework for the
alignment of all ODA supported activities.
The RGC stands strongly committed to achieve
CMDGs by adopting these as the key pillars of
Cambodia’s National Development Policy &
Strategy.
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
Partnership for Sustainable development:
 NSDP 2006-2010 is a combination of early SEDP,
NPRS, NPP and other sectoral policies &
strategies to implement Rectangular Strategy
which is the platform of the RGC in the 3rd
legislature of the National assembly 2003-2008,
for reducing poverty & achieving CMDGs.
 The NSDP was a CMDGs-based plan aiming to
ensure Cambodia ‘s rapid progress towards
achieving the CMDGs & other socio-economic
goals.
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
Partnership for Sustainable development:
 For preparing a CMDGs-based plan, the NSDP
had three important features:
(i) NSDP shall adopt CMDG-consistent targets,
where applicable, as its targets in 2010;
(ii) Strategies/policies/programs/financial allocations
& sectoral priorities of NSDP will be geared
towards achieving these targets;
(iii) M & E framework of NSDP shall include
appropriate indicators to regularly monitor
progress towards achieving the CMDGs.
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
Partnership for Sustainable development:
 To support the development of NSDP, 18
Technical Working Groups (TWGs) have been
set up: one Technical Working Group on
Planning & Poverty Reduction(TWG-PPR) and
17 TWGs at sectoral and thematic level.
 These joint TWGs provide a useful forum for
strengthening partnerships across all
stakeholders, including Government & EDPs.
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
Partnership for Sustainable development:
 To ensure coordination among the TWGs, a GvtDonor Coordination Committee (GDCC) has been
established to provide policy guidance, to set
priorities & to propose measures to resolve
issues raised by the TWGs.
 The RGC has decided to assume full ownership &
leadership of the annual aid mobilization
consultation by transforming the Consultative
Group (CG) process to a Cambodia Development
Cooperation Forum (CDCF) from 2007.
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PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CMDG (cont’d)
Partnership for Sustainable development:
 The cooperation between Government & civil
society for reducing poverty & achieving CMDGs
is also a priority area for Government.
 It is a rapid growing & there is a danger that
debt will absorb more & more the limited public
budget, thereby crowing out resources to invest
in development.
 There is a need to increase the grant share in
ODA & to use loans for investment which higher
expected economic returns
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ACHIEVEMENT & GAPS IN REALIZING CMDG
 Cambodia is on track to achieve at 23 of 59
CMDG targets for which information is available.
 It is not track in case of many critical areas
relating to poverty reduction, food security,
education, health, maternal mortality,
environment degradation & sustainable socioeconomic development.
 There are significant discrepancies among
provinces in term of progress toward CMDG and
the situation varies from one CMDG to another.
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NATIONAL STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN
(NSDP)2006-2010
 The NSDP is a single, overarching document
containing RGC’s priority goals & strategies to
reduce poverty rapidly, and to achieve other
CMDGs & other socio-economic development
goals for the benefit of all Cambodians.
 The RGC’s long term vision is to achieve a
socially cohesive, educationally advanced, &
culturally vibrant Cambodia without poverty,
illeteracy & ill health where Cambodians live in
harmony free of hunger, inequality, exclusion &
vulnerability.
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NATIONAL STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN
(NSDP)2006-2010 (cont’d)
 The RGC is fully committed to some basic
principles for taken the country forward, such as:
- strict adherence to democracy in governance;
- ensure political stability, rule of law, equity &
social order;
- ensure macro-economic stability
- create & maintain key infrastructure as well as
- a conducive climate for private sector to
flourish;and
- provide essential social services for human
capital formation & enhancement.
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NATIONAL STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN
(NSDP)2006-2010 (cont’d)
 During the next five years 2006-2010, demands
prioritization of clear goals & measurable targets.
 Highest priority is poverty reduction & progress
towards achieving CMDG targets by 2015
 Sub-goals & disaggregated & detailed targets &
plans to achieve them will be spelt out in greater
precision in sectoral & sub-national plans.
 Progress of NSDP will be annually reviewed &
monitored.There are 15 macro-goals (7 MDG
macro-goals) & 43 critical indicators (28 MDG
critical indicators) to be monitor annually.
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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES
 The First Development Challenge is to maintain a
high growth rate to generate productive
employment & income earning opportunity for an
ever-growing population
 The First Development Challenge is to pursue a
growth strategy, which will benefit all Cambodian
- Pro-poor growth policies through investment in
sectors where the poor are concentrated & can
find decent work & sustainable employment;
- growth should translate into increased
Government revenue and ;
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DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES (cont’d)
- Growth Should be allocated to social protection
programs for those unable to seize economic
opportunities.
 Cambodia ‘s progress toward CMDG is
constrained by a number of impediments.
 An important one is the chronic shortage of
investment funds to meet its priority
requirements.
 There is a danger of debt service that will absorb
more and more the limited of national budget.
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WAY FORWARD
 If Cambodia is to achieve CMDG, greater
financial flows through aid, reduced debt
servicing and increased current account inflows,
as outlined in MDG 8 are critical to bridge the
resource gaps & foster the country’s required
growth.
 Such assistance needs to ensure that donors
support is aligned to Cambodia national
priorities, that it is managed for results & that
there is mutual accountability between RGC &
EDPs.
 Better access to international market, especially
in developed countries.
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WAY FORWARD (cont’d)
 Enhance market access for its overseas workers.
 The granting of quota-free & duty-free schemes
for all dutiable Cambodian products that will
contribute to higher export earning & make trade
for development & CMDG.
 Complement from EDPs and global community to
its pro-CMDG national strategy will require
financial, technical & other supports and by
creating win-win partnerships.
 A collective effort is the key to achieving CMDG &
ensuring sustained growth & stability in
Cambodia.
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