2006-2007 Thesis Presentation
Civista Medical Center
La Plata, MD
Thad Maugle
Construction Management
- La Plata, MD -
Presentation Outline
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Project Overview
Infection Control Risk Assessment
Technical Analyses
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Mechanical: Steam Turbine vs. PRV
Electrical: Aluminum vs. Copper Conductors
Acknowledgement
Questions / Comments
- La Plata, MD -
Project Overview
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Location: La Plata, MD
Building Occupant: Civista Health, Inc.
Scope
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Occupancy & Function
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Addition: 122,864 SF
Renovations: 36,303 SF
Institutional I-2
Medical Care
Size: 159,167 SF of total construction
Number of stories above grade / total levels: 4 / 4
Dates of Construction: 12/1/04 - 8/1/07 (33 months)
Total Project Cost: $ 43,941,344
Project Delivery Method: CM @ Risk w/ GMP
- La Plata, MD -
Project Overview (cont’d)
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Existing Site Conditions
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Foundation
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Structure
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Augered CIP Concrete piles
Elevated CIP Concrete
Building Envelope
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Precast Stone Masonry Units w/ Modular Face Brick
- La Plata, MD -
Project Overview (cont’d)
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Mechanical System
Electrical System
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480/277V: Lighting, Major Mech. Equip., Building Equip.
208/120V: Lighting, Small Mech. Equip., Small Building Equip.
Building Service: 15 kV service
- La Plata, MD -
Infection Control Risk Assessment
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Problem:
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Goal:
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Civista requires an ICRA plan that is properly sequenced.
Formulate an ICRA plan unique to Civista
Sequence an area of renovations
Analysis Techniques:
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Overview of ICRA
Formulate ICRA plan for Civista renovation
- La Plata, MD -
Background
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Infection Control Risk Assessment (ICRA)
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Interim Life Safety Measures (ILSM)
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A series of actions required to be taken to temporarily compensate for hazards posed by existing Life
Safety Code deficiencies or construction activities, allowing for safe execution of the ICRA.
American Institute of Architects (AIA) Guidelines for Design and Construction of Healthcare Facilities
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A strategic plan intended to identify and alleviate potential risks associated with the air quality
environment during the construction phase of a project
Introduced ICRA in 2001
Joint Commission for Accreditation of Health Care Organizations (JCAHO)
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Mandated ICRA in 2001
- La Plata, MD -
Implications of ICRA
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Owner
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Construction Management Team
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Responsible for budget and ICRA completion prior to the commencement of
work
Preconstruction planning and implementation of the infection control measures
Monitoring, documentation, and quality control
Trade Contractors
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Abide by the provided infection control measures
Monetary penalties may result otherwise
- La Plata, MD -
ICRA Analysis
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Step 1:
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Identify Type of
Construction Project
Activity (Type A-D)
Step 2:
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Identify the Patient Risk
Group
- La Plata, MD -
ICRA Analysis
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Step 3:
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Match the Patient Risk
Group with the planned
Construction Project Type
to find the Class of
Precautions or level of
infection control activities
required.
- La Plata, MD -
Suggested Infection Control Actions
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Dust proof plastic barrier with door and frame to be installed. Contains demo debris and dust, and protects patients
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Air vents inside the work area will be sealed with plastic sheeting
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Dust mats to be placed at entrances and exits of work areas
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Negative air pressure to be maintained within work area utilizing HEPA equipped air filtration units
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Construction debris to be transported in tightly covered containers
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Inside work area to be completely cleaned prior to removal of plastic barrier
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After removal of plastic barrier, area to be cleaned again with disinfectant
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All staff in the area to be briefed prior to the commencement of work
- La Plata, MD -
Suggested Interim Life Safety Measures
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Forms submitted and approved.
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Fire door exits to be maintained for clear access at all times.
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Hospital’s existing life safety systems not to be interrupted.
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Additional fire fighting equipment to be available.
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Staff to be briefed prior to the commencement of work.
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Install dust proof plastic barriers to contain demo debris and protect occupants
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Properly cover loads of debris
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Clean interior area enclosed by barriers
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Remove temporary barriers upon completion
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Clean and disinfect entire area upon removal of temporary barriers
- La Plata, MD -
Additional ICRA Provisions Unique to Civista
- La Plata, MD -
Decision Tree
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Invasive Work
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Type of Containment
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Layout work plan
Use containment
Shield patients & visitors
Use dust mats
Signage as needed
Cover trash during removal
1-14 days: Plastic Wall
Affecting existing utilities?
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Plan outages
- La Plata, MD -
Wall Mount Configuration
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Minimizes number of wall
penetrations by running cable
and wiring down from the
ceilings instead of through the
walls
- La Plata, MD -
Outage Request Forms
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Existing utilities and systems will be affected
(Ex.) Sheaves and belts on Air Handling Unit
(AHU) #7 need replaced and upgraded
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Affects occupied space being renovated
Requires schedule and approved system
outage
Isolate areas - ventilation temporarily out
of service
Highly sensitive at-risk patients may need
to be moved to a more stable
environment for the time being.
- La Plata, MD -
2nd Floor East Wing Sequencing
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Risk Type
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Patient Type
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C – work generates moderate to high
levels of dust
Highest Risk
Description
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Additional Plumbing and sprinkler piping
required above ceilings in patient rooms
of the 2nd floor
Sequencing will involve two rooms at a
time
- La Plata, MD -
2nd Floor East Wing Sequencing - (1)
Sequence 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8
General Trades
Remove furniture
Construct plastic dust barrier
Install floor protection
Install HEPA filters in both rooms
Cut drywall for tie-ins
Lay out piping on ceilings
Cut drywall ceiling for piping
Cut drywall ceiling in toilet room for sprinkler piping and head
Remove drywall debris
Plumbing Contractor
Lay out piping on ceilings
Core drill roof
Install hangers and piping
Perform pipe testing
Sprinkler Contractor
Install hangers and piping
Install sprinkler heads
General Trades
Patch drywall walls and ceilings
Finish paint
Clean entire rooms
Remove plastic dust barrier
Clean area
- La Plata, MD -
2nd Floor East Wing Sequencing – (2)
Sequence 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8
General Trades
Remove furniture
Construct plastic dust barrier
Install floor protection
Install HEPA filters in both rooms
Cut drywall for tie-ins
Lay out piping on ceilings
Cut drywall ceiling for piping
Cut drywall ceiling in toilet room for sprinkler piping and head
Remove drywall debris
Plumbing Contractor
Lay out piping on ceilings
Core drill roof
Install hangers and piping
Perform pipe testing
Sprinkler Contractor
Install hangers and piping
Install sprinkler heads
General Trades
Patch drywall walls and ceilings
Finish paint
Clean entire rooms
Remove plastic dust barrier
Clean area
- La Plata, MD -
2nd Floor East Wing Sequencing – (3)
Sequence 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8
General Trades
Remove furniture
Construct plastic dust barrier
Install floor protection
Install HEPA filters in both rooms
Cut drywall for tie-ins
Lay out piping on ceilings
Cut drywall ceiling for piping
Cut drywall ceiling in toilet room for sprinkler piping and head
Remove drywall debris
Plumbing Contractor
Lay out piping on ceilings
Core drill roof
Install hangers and piping
Perform pipe testing
Sprinkler Contractor
Install hangers and piping
Install sprinkler heads
General Trades
Patch drywall walls and ceilings
Finish paint
Clean entire rooms
Remove plastic dust barrier
Clean area
- La Plata, MD -
2nd Floor East Wing Sequencing – (4)
Sequence 4 & 5
** Can be accomplished after normal hours without disturbance to staff
General Trades
Remove supplies from the supply room
Construct plastic dust barrier
Install floor protection
Install HEPA filters in both rooms
Demo drywall ceiling in the supply room
Remove drywall debris
Install plastic covering on the walls and floors in rooms to be worked that night
Remove ceiling tiles as required
Plumbing Contractor
Lay out piping on ceilings
Core drill roof
Install hangers and piping
Perform pipe testing
Sprinkler Contractor
Install hangers and piping
Install sprinkler heads
General Trades
Patch drywall walls and ceilings
Finish paint
Reinstall all ceiling tiles
Remove plastic covering from walls and floors
Remove plastic dust barrier
Clean area
- La Plata, MD -
2nd Floor East Wing Sequencing – (5)
Sequence 4 & 5
** Can be accomplished after normal hours without disturbance to staff
General Trades
Remove supplies from the supply room
Construct plastic dust barrier
Install floor protection
Install HEPA filters in both rooms
Demo drywall ceiling in the supply room
Remove drywall debris
Install plastic covering on the walls and floors in rooms to be worked that night
Remove ceiling tiles as required
Plumbing Contractor
Lay out piping on ceilings
Core drill roof
Install hangers and piping
Perform pipe testing
Sprinkler Contractor
Install hangers and piping
Install sprinkler heads
General Trades
Patch drywall walls and ceilings
Finish paint
Reinstall all ceiling tiles
Remove plastic covering from walls and floors
Remove plastic dust barrier
Clean area
- La Plata, MD -
2nd Floor East Wing Sequencing – (6)
Sequence 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8
General Trades
Remove furniture
Construct plastic dust barrier
Install floor protection
Install HEPA filters in both rooms
Cut drywall for tie-ins
Lay out piping on ceilings
Cut drywall ceiling for piping
Cut drywall ceiling in toilet room for sprinkler piping and head
Remove drywall debris
Plumbing Contractor
Lay out piping on ceilings
Core drill roof
Install hangers and piping
Perform pipe testing
Sprinkler Contractor
Install hangers and piping
Install sprinkler heads
General Trades
Patch drywall walls and ceilings
Finish paint
Clean entire rooms
Remove plastic dust barrier
Clean area
- La Plata, MD -
2nd Floor East Wing Sequencing – (7)
Sequence 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8
General Trades
Remove furniture
Construct plastic dust barrier
Install floor protection
Install HEPA filters in both rooms
Cut drywall for tie-ins
Lay out piping on ceilings
Cut drywall ceiling for piping
Cut drywall ceiling in toilet room for sprinkler piping and head
Remove drywall debris
Plumbing Contractor
Lay out piping on ceilings
Core drill roof
Install hangers and piping
Perform pipe testing
Sprinkler Contractor
Install hangers and piping
Install sprinkler heads
General Trades
Patch drywall walls and ceilings
Finish paint
Clean entire rooms
Remove plastic dust barrier
Clean area
- La Plata, MD -
2nd Floor East Wing Sequencing – (8)
Sequence 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8
General Trades
Remove furniture
Construct plastic dust barrier
Install floor protection
Install HEPA filters in both rooms
Cut drywall for tie-ins
Lay out piping on ceilings
Cut drywall ceiling for piping
Cut drywall ceiling in toilet room for sprinkler piping and head
Remove drywall debris
Plumbing Contractor
Lay out piping on ceilings
Core drill roof
Install hangers and piping
Perform pipe testing
Sprinkler Contractor
Install hangers and piping
Install sprinkler heads
General Trades
Patch drywall walls and ceilings
Finish paint
Clean entire rooms
Remove plastic dust barrier
Clean area
- La Plata, MD -
Steam Turbine vs. PRV
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Problem:
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Goal:
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Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) used to reduce steam pressure.
Redesign pressure reducing equipment from PVR to non-condensing
backpressure steam turbine.
Analysis Techniques:
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Overview of steam turbine system
Size equipment
Conduct energy analysis
Conduct cost analysis
- La Plata, MD -
Non-Condensing Backpressure Steam Turbine
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Non-condensing (backpressure):
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Operates above or in excess
of atmospheric pressure
Used where low steam loads are required
Steam passes over turbine blades, spins
turbine blade shaft which directly connected
to an electrical generator, generates electricity
Low efficiencies (~15-35%)
- La Plata, MD -
Sizing the Steam Turbine
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Given Variables
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Inlet Pressure (Pi) – 60 psig + 14.7 atm pressure = 74.7
Outlet Pressure (Po) – 10 psig + 14.7 atm pressure = 24.7
Total Capacity (m) – 3590 lb/hr
Temperature of Steam (T1) – est. 300oF (227oF to 307oF)
Efficiency Rate (n) – est. 20% (15 to 35%)
Find Power Rate:
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Q=m h
- La Plata, MD -
Sizing the Steam Turbine (cont’d)
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Find Enthalpy Using Steam Tables
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Q = m h = 3,635,975 BTU/hr
Factor in Efficiency
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hi = 269.8 BTU/lb
ho = 1190 BTU/lb
h = ho – hi = 920.5 BTU/lb
Q x n = 3,635,975 BTU/hr x 0.20 = 727,197 BTU/hr
Convert to kW
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727,197 BTU/hr x [(1 kW) / (3412 BTU)] =
213.13 kW
** Equipment can now be sized according to kW output
- La Plata, MD -
Cost and Energy Analysis
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Impractical to operate at full capacity
Assumed
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40% max capacity during Summer months (Jun – Oct): 85.25
kW
60% max capacity during Winter
months (Nov – May): 127.88 kW
Chart would be most useful in the presence of steam
charts
- La Plata, MD -
Cost and Energy Comparison
w/ Pressure Reducing Valve
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5,759,158 kWh consumed
$508,907.24
w/ Steam Turbine
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5,044,064 kWh consumed
$491,575.76
- La Plata, MD -
Cost and Energy Comparison
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Steam Turbine estimated performance over 9 month period
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Saves over $17,000
Saves over 715,000 kWh
Cycle produces no emissions
Could be greater savings based on actual efficiency of equipment
and actual capacity used.
- La Plata, MD -
Aluminum vs. Copper Conductors
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Problem:
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Goal:
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Civista wired with copper.
Reliable but expensive.
Redesign copper feeders with Aluminum Alloy (AA-8000 series) alternative.
Analysis Techniques:
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Compare material properties
Resize feeders and conduit
Conduct cost analysis
Conduct schedule comparison
- La Plata, MD -
Background
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Copper shortage – 1965
Aluminum was a cheaper alternative
Steel receptacle screws replaced brass
Aluminum to steel connection far more sensitive than copper to brass
Thermal expansion and creep
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Oxidation – Resistance - hot
Corrosion
Faulty connections, even fires resulted
No contractor wants to take the risk
- La Plata, MD -
Material Composition
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Previous Aluminum Classifications
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AA-1350
EC (Electrical Conductor) aluminum
99.5% pure aluminum
Current Aluminum Alloy Classification
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AA-8000 series
0.001 to 0.3% zinc
0.001 to 0.03% titanium
0.001 to 0.5% manganese
0.03 to 0.4% silicon
Combination yields excellent strength & resistance to corrosion
- La Plata, MD -
Problems / Solutions
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Improper Installation
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Use appropriate tools (i.e. stripping wire)
Wrap wire in a clockwise manner (i.e. tightens while being screwed in placed)
Sufficiently tightened (i.e. adequate contact area at the connection)
Oxidation / Corrosion
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AA-8000 series - thermal expansion and creep similar to copper
Proper tightening
Oxide inhibitor
- La Plata, MD -
- La Plata, MD -
- La Plata, MD -
- La Plata, MD -
Cost and Schedule Comparison
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Saves over $8,000 in conductor and conduit costs of feeders
Saves 4 days in construction time
Savings would be greater when including branch circuits
- La Plata, MD -
Acknowledgements
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AE Faculty
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Industry Contacts
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Dr. Michael Horman
Dr. James D. Freihaut
Professor Richard Mistrick
Professor Kevin Parfitt
Ben Alexander - Gilbane Building Co.
Greg Dunkle - Gilbane Building Co.
Mike DuLaney - Gilbane Building Co.
Melanie Townsend - Gilbane Building Co.
Dan Kerr - McClure Company
Gary Hall - Civista Health, Inc.
Fellow AE Students
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Alexis Kreft
David Potchek
Andrew Rhodes
...and most importantly, family and friends
Questions ???