Supplementary table 1:
Company
Central SOEs1 (China)
Regional SOEs1 (China)
MAI2 (Israel)
BASF AG (Germany)
DSM Nutritional Products
(Netherlands)
Allied Biotech (Taiwan)
Parry Nutraceuticals
(India)
Zhejiang NHU (China)
Company
Central SoEs1 (China)
Regional SoEs1 (China)
MAI2 (Israel)
Kemin + DSM Nutritional
Products (Netherlands)
Cognis UK Ltd (now part of
BASF AG) (Germany)
Omniactive/Kencor (India)
Cactus Botantics (China)
Parry Nutraceuticals (India)
Pioneer Enterprise (India)
Beijing Refine Biology
Technology (China)
β-Carotene
European Economic Area
Natural
Synthetic
Market
Market share
share (%)
(%)
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[5-10]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[20-30]%
Worldwide
Natural
Synthetic
Market
Market
share (%)
share (%)
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[10-20]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[20-30]%
[80-90]%
[50-60]%
[70-80]%
[60-70]%
[0-5]%
[10-20]%
[0-5]%
[5-10]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[5-10]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
Lutein
European Economic Area
Worldwide
Market share (%)
Market share (%)
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[5-10]%
[60-70]%
[50-60]%
[0-5]%
[5-10]%
[10-20]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[10-20]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
Lycopene
Company
Central SoEs1 (China)
Regional SoEs1 (China)
MAI2 (Israel)
European Economic
Area
Worldwide
Market share (%)
Market share (%)
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[10-20%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[10-20]%
DSM Nutritional Products
(Netherlands)
BASF AG (Germany)
Cyanotec (United States)
Parry Nutraceuticals (India)
Chengdu Wagott Pharmacentical
(China)
Sun Ray India (India)
Chenguang (China)
Ningbo Shunkang Health Food
(China)
Viva Herba India (India)
Xinjiang Hongfan Biology
Technology (China)
Zhejiang Xinhecheng Co., Ltd.
(China)
Zhejiang NHU (China)
1
SOE, State-owned Enterprise
2
[20-30%
[50-60]%
[5-10]%
[5-10]%
[10-20%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[0-5]%
[5-10]%
[5-10]%
-
[0-5]%
MAI, Makhteshim Agan Industries Ltd (Israel)
Supplementary table 2:
Patent
number
Title
Assignee
Date of
issue
Formulation containing βcarotene to increase the
longevity of pets
Nestec S.A.
(Vevey, CH)
May 1,
2007
Formulation containing βcarotene for animal feed
*
April 12,
2005
Use of β-carotene as feed
additive
The Iams
Company
(Dayton, OH)
October
30, 2001
Formulation containing βcarotene for animal feed
The Iams
Company
(Dayton, OH)
October
17, 2000
Roche Vitamins
Inc. (Paramus,
NJ)
September
23, 1997
Hoffmann-La
Roche Inc.
(Nutley, NJ)
February
25, 1997
*
July 20,
1993
*
June 8,
1993
Brief description
Applications of β-carotene in animal feed
7,211,280
6,878,747
6,310,090
6,133,323
Condition of elderly pets
Systemic formulations
containing β-carotene and
derivatives thereof
Process and product for
enhancing immune response
in companion animals using
a combination of antioxidants
Process for enhancing
immune response in animals
using .β.-carotene as a
dietary supplement
5,670,548
Pigmentation with
carotenoids
5,605,699
Pigmentation with
carotenoids
5,229,146
5,217,734
Fish feed additive and
process for producing the
same
Pet bird feed additive and
process for producing the
same
Method of pigmenting
parts and products of
poultry, fish and
crustacean containing βcarotene
Method of pigmenting
parts and products of
poultry, fish and
crustacean containing βcarotene
β-Carotene from
Dunliella algae as feed
additive
β-Carotene from
Dunliella algae as feed
additive
Applications of β-carotene for humans (dietary supplements, cosmetics...)
8,445,037
Volatile distillate by-product
of mint oil that promotes
absorption and/or
bioavailability of compounds
of bio-medical and
nutritional interest
8,361,512
Nutrient compositions and
methods for enhanced
effectiveness of the immune
system
8,263,147
Infant formulas containing
docosahexaenoic acid and
lutein
8,197,855
Compositions and methods
β-carotene as adjuvant in
biomedical compounds
Methods and
compositions containing
β-carotene for increasing
CD4.sup.+ cell count in
mammals
Method of reduce risk of
retinopathy of premature
infants containing βcarotene
Composition containing
A. M. Todd
Company
(Kalamazoo, MI)
May 21,
2013
K-PAX Vitamins,
Inc. (Mill Valley,
CA)
January
29, 2013
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
September
11, 2012
Everett
June 12,
for nutrition supplementation
β-carotene to treat
subjects undergoing
physiologically stressful
events
Composition containing
β-carotene to treat
subjects undergoing
physiologically stressful
events
Laboratories, Inc.
(West Orange,
NJ)
Everett
Laboratories, Inc.
(West Orange,
NJ)
January
24, 2012
Composition containing
β-carotene to be used in
nutrient compositions
K-PAX Vitamins,
Inc. (Mill Valley,
CA)
May 31,
2011
Ajinomoto Co.,
Inc. (Tokyo, JP)
September
7, 2010
Z Trim Holdings,
Inc. (Mundelein,
IL)
July 27,
2010
Everett
Laboratories, Inc.
(West Orange,
NJ)
July 14,
2009
2012
8,101,587
Kits for nutrition
supplementation
7,951,847
Nutrient compositions and
methods for enhanced
effectiveness of the immune
system
7,790,209
Total enteral nutritious
composition
7,763,301
Emulsified liquid shortening
compositions comprising
dietary fiber gel, water and
lipid
7,560,123
Compositions and methods
for nutrition supplementation
7,438,936
Dietary supplement and
related method
Dietary supplement
containing β-carotene
7,273,622
Super absorption Coenzyme
Q.sub.10
Dietary supplement
containing β-carotene
Composition for the
prevention and treatment of
cachexia
Nutritional formula
containing select carotenoid
combinations
Formulation containing βcarotene to prevent and
treat cachexia
7,060,263
Super absorption Coenzyme
Q.sub.10
Dietary supplement
containing β-carotene
7,056,525
Carotenoid formulations,
comprising a mixture of .β.carotene, lycopene and lutein
Formulation containing βcarotene to be used in
human and animal foods,
cosmetics and
pharmaceuticals
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
June 6,
2006
Topic application of a
formulation containing βcarotene
Micelle Products,
Inc. (Lake Forest,
CA)
May 10,
2005
*
February
1, 2005
Pharmaton SA
(Bioggio, CH)
December
28, 2004
7,223,736
7,090,879
6,890,961
6,849,613
6,835,401
Clear micellized
formulations of .β.-carotene
and method of treating
leukoplakia
Multiple antioxidant
micronutrients
Method of treating diseases
caused by over-production of
free-radicals
Composition containing
β-carotene to improves
serum albumin and
ameliorates bedsores
Formulation containing βcarotene to reduce
production costs of
formulated foods
Composition containing
β-carotene to treat
subjects undergoing
physiologically stressful
events
Formula containing βcarotene
Formulation containing βcarotene as antioxidant
Formulation containing βcarotene to prevent
overproduction of free
radicals like aging,
arteriosclerosis and
Access Business
Group
International LLC
(Ada, MI)
Soft Gel
Technologies, Inc.
(Los Angeles,
CA)
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
Soft Gel
Technologies, Inc.
(Los Angeles,
CA)
October
21, 2008
September
25, 2007
May 29,
2007
August
15, 2006
June 13,
2006
cancer
6,814,958
6,764,693
6,759,436
Food compositions,
compositions for oral cavity
and medicinal compositions
for preventing or treating
periodontosis and method for
preventing or treating
periodontosis
Free radical quenching
composition and a method to
increase intracellular and/or
extracellular antioxidants
Clear micellized
formulations of .β.-carotene
and method of treating
leukoplakia
Formulation containing βcarotene to prevent or
treat periodontosis
Sunstar Inc.
(Osaka, JP)
November
9, 2004
Formulation containing βcarotene to reduce
undesirable side effects of
free radicals
Amaox, Ltd.
(Lawton, MI)
July 20,
2004
Topic application of a
formulation containing βcarotene
Micelle Products,
Inc. (Lake Forest,
CA)
July 6,
2004
Bausch & Lomb
Incorporated
(Rochester, NY)
December
9, 2003
Pharmaton SA
(Bioggio, CH)
September
30, 2003
Dietary supplement
containing β-carotene to
strengthen and promote
retinal
Formulation containing βcarotene to prevent
overproduction of free
radicals like aging,
arteriosclerosis and
cancer
6,660,297
Nutritional supplement to
treat macular degeneration
6,627,231
Method for improving the
cell protection
6,623,734
Super absorption coenzyme
Q10
Dietary supplement
containing β-carotene
Soft Gel
Technologies, Inc.
(Los Angeles,
CA)
September
23, 2003
6,617,356
Gel system for oral and
topical administration of
water insoluble and/or water
intolerant drugs and
supplements
Gel system containing βcarotene to be used as
supplement
*
September
9, 2003
Johnson &
Johnson SA (FR)
July 8,
2003
6,589,535
Nutritional supplement based
on blackcurrant seed oil
6,583,152
Composition for reducing the
risk or progression of
cardiovascular diseases
6,541,043
Method and synergistic
composition for treating
attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder
6,511,675
Composition and method for
correcting a dietary
phytochemical deficiency
6,509,029
Carotenoid formulations,
comprising a mixture of .β.carotene, lycopene and lutein
6,428,816
Carotenoid agent for
inhibiting the conversion of
Composition containing
β-carotene for preventing
and/or combating the
harmful effects of
xenobiotics on the skin, in
particular on the skin's
immune system
Composition containing
β-carotene to reduce the
risk or progression of
cardiovascular diseases
Composition containing
β-carotene for treating
attention deficit
A composition containing
β-carotene for correcting
a dietary phytonutrient
deficiency
Carotenoid formulation to
be used in human and
animal foods, cosmetics
and pharmaceuticals
Composition including βcarotene to inhibit a
DexGen
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (Manasquan,
NJ)
DexGen
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (Manasquan,
NJ)
Access Business
Group
International,
LLC (Ada, MI)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
Cognis Australia
Pty., Ltd.
June 24,
2003
April 1,
2003
January
28, 2003
January
21, 2003
August 6,
2002
epithelial cells to tumors
carcinogen
6,399,114
Nutritional system for
nervous system disorders
Composition for treating
nervous system disorders
6,387,883
Method for the prevention
and treatment of cachexia
and anorexia
6,326,355
Method for the prevention
and treatment of cachexia
and anorexia
6,294,520
Material for passage through
the blood-brain barrier
6,261,598
Carotenoid formulations,
comprising a mixture of βcarotene, lycopene and lutein
6,251,953
β-carotene therapy of
individuals having abnormal
immunological and
serological indices, and
individuals having infections
and diseases causing changes
therein
6,136,859
Pharmaceutical formulation
for treating liver disorders
Formulation containing βcarotene to prevent or
treat cachexia and
anorexia
Formulation containing βcarotene to prevent or
treat cachexia and
anorexia
Formulation containing βcarotene
Formulation containing βcarotene to be used in
human and animal foods,
cosmetics and
pharmaceuticals
(Broadmeadows,
AU)
C & D Foreman,
Inc. (Chesterfield,
VA)
June 4,
2002
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
May 14,
2002
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
December
4, 2001
*
September
25, 2001
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
July 17,
2001
Brookner;
Andrew (Short
HIlls, NJ)
June 26,
2001
Pharma Nord ApS
(Vojens, DK)
October
24, 2000
Laboratoire
Oenobiol (Paris,
FR)
August
29, 2000
Food containing βcarotene as additive
*
August
15, 2000
6,077,828
Method for the prevention
and treatment of cachexia
and anorexia
Formulation containing βcarotene to prevent or
treat cachexia and
anorexia
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
June 20,
2000
6,007,856
Oil-in-water dispersions of
.β.-carotene and other
carotenoids stable against
oxidation prepared from
water-dispersible beadlets
having high concentrations of
carotenoid
β-carotene dispersion to
be used as food
supplement
The Procter &
Gamble Company
(Cincinnati, OH)
December
28, 1999
5,977,073
Nutrient composition for
treatment of immune
disorders
Composition containing
β-carotene to treat
immune disorders
5,972,985
Histidine containing
nutriceutical compositions
Nutriceutical composition
containing β-carotene
6,110,478
6,103,755
Composition having tanning
and photoprotective activity,
and its cosmetic applications
Foodstuff with prophylactic
and/or healing effect and
process for its production
5,919,820
Antioxidant medicament
5,883,086
DHEA-containing nutritional
β-carotene as therapy of
individuals having
abnormal immunological
and serological indices
Pharmaceutical
formulation containing βcarotene
Composition containing
β-carotene with
photoprotective activity
Pharmaceutical
composition containing βcarotene to be used as
antioxidant medicament
Nutritional supplement
Life Sciences'
Technologies, Inc.
(Birmingham,
AL)
Cytos
Pharmaceuticals,
LLC (Durham,
NC)
November
2, 1999
October
26, 1999
Pharma Nord ApS
(Vojens, DK)
July 6,
1999
*
March 16,
supplement
5,871,766
Β-carotene vitamin E therapy
for inhibition of major
vascular events
5,849,787
Hypercholesterolemia
therapeutic agent
5,837,309
5,834,044
5,804,573
5,738,859
5,733,884
5,723,166
Process of making a baby
food containing light fleshed
vegetables and product
thereof
Method of making a health
food product containing antioxidants
Stabilized pharmaceutical
composition containing
derivative of vitamins
D.sub.2 and D.sub.3
Cosmetic composition
Enteral formulation designed
for optimized wound healing
Process of making a baby
food containing light fleshed
vegetables and product
thereof
5,705,526
Hypercholesterolemia
therapeutic agent
5,700,782
Enteral nutritional product
5,670,549
5,662,934
5,643,623
5,637,324
5,629,023
5,569,459
5,554,374
Prevention and amelioration
of liver toxicity with βcarotene
Compositions and methods
for lowering cholesterol
while maintaining
antioxidant levels
Health food product and its
uses
Medical food composition
for metabolic detoxification
Medical food composition
for metabolic detoxification
Pharmaceutical compositions
for the management of
premenstrual syndrome and
alleviation of menopausal
disorders
Skin preparation using
nanospheres
containing β-carotene to
treat stress symptoms
Pharmaceutical
composition containing βcarotene
A hypercholesterolemia
therapeutic agent
containing β-carotene as
an effective ingredient
Food composition
containing β-carotene for
babies
β-Carotene as food
additive
Pharmaceutical
composition containing βcarotene
Formulation containing βcarotene for cosmetics
Formulation containing βcarotene
Food composition
containing β-carotene for
babies
A hypercholesterolemia
therapeutic agent
containing β-carotene as
an effective ingredient
Formulation containing βcarotene for human
supplements
Formulation containing βcarotene to prevent liver
toxicity
Composition containing
β-carotene to maintain
antioxidant levels
Formulation containing βcarotene to enhance in
vivo oxidative defense
Formulation containing βcarotene as medical food
Formulation containing βcarotene as medical food
1999
Brigham and
Women's Hospital
(Boston, MA)
February
16, 1999
Mutsunori
Fujiwara (Tokyo,
JP)
December
15, 1998
Beech-Nut
Nutrition
Corporation (St.
Louis, MO)
Mars,
Incorporated
(McLean, VA)
Teva
Pharmaceutical
Industries Ltd.
(Jerusalem, IL)
Abbe Cosmetic
Group
International, Inc.
(Farmingdale,
NY)
Nestec Ltd.
(Vevey, CH)
Beech-Nut
Nutrition
Corporation (St.
Louis, MO)
November
17, 1998
November
10, 1998
September
8, 1998
April 14.
1998
March 31,
1998
March 3,
1998
Fujiwara;
Mutsunori
(Tokyo, JP)
January 6,
1998
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
December
23, 1997
*
September
23, 1997
*
September
2, 1997
Mars Incorporated
(McClean, VA)
July 1,
1997
*
*
June 10,
1997
May 13,
1997
Pharmaceutical
composition containing βcarotene
Bio-Virus
Research
Incorporated (San
Mateo, CA)
October
29, 1996
Drug carrier
encapsulating β-carotene
for cosmetics
Cosmetics
Development
Company Limited
September
10, 1996
(GB)
5,547,927
5,516,535
5,514,656
5,514,382
5,475,006
5,457,135
5,455,280
5,424,331
Enteral nutritional product
for patients undergoing
radiation therapy and/or
chemotherapy
Beverage compositions
having enhanced .β.-carotene
bioavailability
Method of providing enteral
nutritional support for
patients undergoing radiation
therapy and/or chemotherapy
Daily vitamin and mineral
supplement for women
Extensively oxidized
derivatives of carotenoids,
retinoids and related
conjugated polyenes useful
as non-toxic celldifferentiation inducers, antiproliferative agents, and antitumor agents
Treatment of age related
macular degeneration with βcarotene
Treatment of chronic
lymphocytic leukemia with
β-carotene
Pharmaceutical compositions
and dietary soybean food
products for the prevention
of osteoporosis
Formulation containing βcarotene
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
August
20, 1996
Formulation containing βcarotene with high
bioavailability
The Procter &
Gamble
(Cincinnati, OH)
May 14,
1996
Formulation containing βcarotene
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
May 7,
1996
Formulation containing βcarotene for food
supplement
Sultenfuss; Sherry
(Largo, FL)
May 7,
1996
β-carotene as
nutreceutical
National Research
Council of
Canada (Ottawa,
CA)
December
12, 1995
β-carotene to treat age
related macular
degeneration
*
October
10,1995
β-carotene to treat chronic
lymphocytic leukemia
*
October 3,
1995
Pharmaceutical
composition of β-carotene
Bio-Virus
Research
Incorporated (San
Mateo, CA)
June 13,
1995
5,397,786
Rehydration drink
Drink to be used in
diarrhea processes
containing β-carotene
*
March 14,
1995
5,368,870
Method for making vitamin
enriched cereal
Fortification process of
cereals by β-carotene
General Mills,
Inc. (Minneapolis,
MN)
November
29, 1994
5,310,764
Treatment of age related
macular degeneration with βcarotene
*
May 10
1994
5,310,554
High purity β-carotene
5,308,832
Nutritional product for
persons having a
neurological injury
β-carotene to treat age
related macular
degeneration
Composition with high
purity of β-carotene to be
administrated to humans
Nutritional product
containing β-carotene as
antioxidant
5,294,606
Isotonic energy composition
and method to use same
Beverage containing βcarotene
5,270,063
Ready-to-eat cereal products
enriched with βcarotene
Biofortified cereals with
β-carotene for humans
5,258,189
Method for making vitamin
enriched cereal
Fortification process of
cereals by β-carotene
5,234,702
Antioxidant system for
powdered nutritional
Use of β-carotene as
antioxidant
Natural Carotene
Corporation
(Tukwila, WA)
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
Reliv'
International Inc.
(Chesterfield,
MO)
Kellogg Company
(Battle Creek, MI)
General Mills,
Inc. (Minneapolis,
MN)
Abbott
Laboratories
May 10,
1994
May 3,
1994
March 15,
1994
December
14, 1993
November
2, 1993
August
10, 1993
products
5,223,285
Nutritional product for
pulmonary patients
Food supplement
containing β-carotene
5,153,012
Process for preparing
beverage containing .β.carotene
Method to prepare a
beverage containing βcarotene
5,124,313
Methods of improved skin
care and the treatment of
dermatological conditions
5,002,779
4,992,282
Dry stable chocolate
beverage containing iron and
vitamin C
Stable nutritional vitamin and
mineral supplemented
beverage
Methods for treating or
preventing dermatological
diseases containing βcarotene
Method relating to
nutritional improvement
containing β-carotene
Vitamin and mineralfortified beverage
containing β-carotene
Pharmacological/cosmetic
preparation containing βcarotene
Composition containing
β-carotene as
pharmaceutical or
cosmetic
Capsules for
pharmaceuticals
containing β-carotene
4,943,433
Pharmacological/cosmetic
preparation
4,931,467
Drug composition for
treating or preventing acne
by oral administration
4,693,892
Gelatin containing .β.carotene
4,689,245
Low-fat dairy coffee
whitener
Product with β-carotene
4,642,318
Method for decreasing
radiation load in PUVA
therapy
β-Carotene effective
polyene compound
(Abbott Park, IL)
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
Ohtaka; Hisaaki
(Nishitama-gun,
Tokyo, JP), Sudo;
Ryosei
(Nishitama-gun,
Tokyo, JP)
*
The Procter &
Gamble Company
(Cincinnati, OH)
The Procter &
Gamble Company
(Cincinnati, OH)
June 29,
1993
October 6,
1992
June 23,
1992
March 26,
1991
February
12, 1991
*
July 24,
1990
L'Oreal (Paris,
FR)
June 5,
1990
Bayer
Aktiengesellschaft
(Leverkusen, DE)
Cornell Research
Foundation
(Ithaca, NY)
September
15,1987
August
25, 1987
*
February
10, 1987
Microalgae strain
producing β-carotene
Universidad de
Almeria (Almeria,
ES)
November
29, 2011
Encapsulated Dunaniella
salina
*
April 10,
1990
Food containing
Dunaliella algae
*
April 10,
1990
Food containing
Dunaliella algae
*
April 3,
1990
Process to produce βcarotene from algae
Microbio
Resources, Inc.
(San Diego, CA)
July 14,
1987
Method to obtain βcarotene from algae
Commonwealth
Scientific and
November
19, 1985
β-Carotene produced by algae
8,067,225
4,915,965
4,915,961
4,913,915
4,680,314
4,554,390
Microalga species and its
application for animal,
human consumption and in
obtaining carotenoids
Process for production of
encapsulated foodstuff
containing Dunaliella algae
Vacuum-packed food
containing Dunaliella algae
and process for the
production thereof
Solid food stuff composition
containing Dunaliella algae
and process for the
production thereof
Process for producing a
naturally-derived carotene/oil
composition by direct
extraction from algae
Method for harvesting algae
4,439,629
Extraction process for βcarotene
Method to obtain βcarotene from algae
4,199,895
Production of glycerol,
carotenes and algae meal
Process to obtain βcarotene from algae
Industrial
Research
Organization
(both of, AU)
Βtene Limited
(both of, AU)
Hoffmann-La
Roche Inc.
(Nutley, NJ)
Yeda Research
and Development
Co. Ltd.
(Rehovot, IL)
March 27,
1984
April 29,
1980
β-Carotene produced by bacteria
8,030,022
Microorganism and method
for producing carotenoid
using it
Bacterium from the genus
Paracoccus which
produce β-carotene
6,825,002
Process for producing
carotenoid pigments
Method to produce higher
levels of β-carotene in E396 strain
5,935,808
Carotenoid-producing
bacterial species and process
for production of carotenoids
using same
Paracoccus strain DSM
11574 which produces βcarotene
5,858,761
Bacteria for production of
carotenoids
Bacteria producing βcarotene
5,607,839
Bacteria belonging to new
genus process for production
of carotenoids using same
Bacterium from a new
genus producing βcarotene
Tosoh
Corporation
(Shunan-shi, JP)
Nippon
Mitsubishi Oil
Corporation
(Tokyo, JP)
Yissum Research
and Development
Company of the
Hebrew
University of
(Jerusalem, IL)
Nippon Oil
Company, Ltd.
(Tokyo, JP)
Nippon Oil
Company, Ltd.
(Tokyo, JP)
October 4,
2011
November
30, 2004
August
10, 1999
January
12, 1999
March 4,
1997
β-Carotene produced by fungi
7,252,965
Method of production of .β.carotene by fermentation in
mixed culture using (+) and
(-) strains of Blakeslea
trispora
β-Carotene produced by
Blakeslea trispora
Antibioticos,
S.A.U. (Leon, ES)
August 7,
2007
7,015,014
Isolation of carotenoid
crystals
Crystalline carotenoid
composition from Phaffia
DSM IP Assets
B.V. (Te Heerlen,
NL)
March 21,
2006
Process for production of
carotenoids, xanthophylls
and apo-carotenoids utilizing
eukaryotic microorganisms
Phaffia rhodozyma mutants,
process for producing .β.carotene and use of .β.carotene rich biomass
Method for produce an
effective amount of βcarotene from
Thraustochytriales
*
August
31, 2004
Phaffia rhodozyma
mutants with high levels
of β-carotene
Pernod Ricard
(Paris, FR)
November
25, 1997
6,783,951
5,691,190
5,643,719
Intersexual heterozygous
phycomyces
Phycomyces strains which
high β-carotene
5,422,247
Blakeslea trispora mated
culture capable of increased
Production of β-carotene
from Blakeslea trispora
Gist-brocades,
N.V. (Ma Delft,
NL)
Universal Foods
Corporation
July 1,
1997
June 6,
1995
5,328,845
4,318,987
β-carotene production
Fungal negative
microorganism capable of
producing high levels of βcarotene
.β.-Carotene producing
strains of the fungus
Phycomyces blakesleenus
(Milwaukee, WI)
Fungi producing βcarotene
Universal Foods
Corporation
(Milwaukee, WI)
July 12,
1994
Process to obtain
carotenoids from
Phycomyces
blakesleeanus
*
March 9,
1982
β-Carotene produced by plants
PP21,005
Kiwi plant named `AU
Fitzgerald`
Cultivar of Actinidia
deliciosa which contains
low levels of β-carotene
7,575,766
Tagetes erecta with altered
carotenoid compositions and
ratios
Tagetes erecta with
enhanced β-carotene
content
7,033,622
Tagetes erecta with altered
carotenoid compositions and
ratios
Tagetes erecta with
enhanced β-carotene
content
7,018,669
Green soybeans whose color
is prevented from discoloring
New soybean containing
β-carotene
6,784,351
Targetes erecta marigolds
with altered carotenoid
compositions and ratios
Tagetes erecta with
enhanced β-carotene
content
Auburn
University
(Auburn, AL)
Ball Horticultural
Company (West
Chicago,
unknown)
Ball Horticultural
Company (West
Chicago,
unknown)
Nippon Suisan
Kaisha, Ltd.
(Tokyo, JP)
Ball Horticultural
Company (West
Chicago,
unknown)
May 25,
2010
August
18, 2009
April 25,
2006
March 28,
2006
August
31, 2004
Method of extraction of β-carotene
8,486,267
Non-dispersive process for
insoluble oil recovery from
aqueous slurries
Method to recover
enhanced β-carotene from
algae
7,662,599
Isolation and purification of
carotenoids from marigold
flowers
Isolation and purification
of β-carotene from
marigold
7,119,238
Process for purification and
crystallization of palm oil
carotenoids
Purification of β-carotene
from palm oil
6,909,021
Method of extracting lutein
from green plant materials
Method of extraction of
β-carotene
6,805,800
Method for recovering
pigments from algal cultures
Method of extraction of
β-carotene
6,770,585
Momordica cochinchinensis
(Spreng.) .β.-carotene and
method
Method of extraction of
β-carotene
6,737,552
Method for extracting lutein
from green plant materials
Method of extraction of
β-carotene
6,262,284
Process for extraction and
purification of lutein,
zeaxanthin and rare
Method of extraction of
different compounds
including β-carotene
Board of Regents,
The University of
Texas System
(Austin, TX)
Katra Phytochem
Private Limited
(Bangalore, IN)
University of
Maryland
(College Park,
MD)
Alfalfa America,
Inc. (Minneapolis,
MN)
Β Carotene
Investments
Limited
(Auckland, NZ)
Vitalea Science,
Inc. (Davis, CA)
Alfalfa America,
Inc. (Minneapolis,
MN)
University of
Maryland
(College Park,
July 16,
2013
November
24, 2009
October
10, 2006
June 21,
2005
October
10, 2004
August 3,
2004
May 18,
2004
July 17,
2001
carotenoids from marigold
flowers and plants
MD)
6,057,484
Method of obtaining a
composition containing 9-cis
.β.-carotene in high-purity
Method of extraction of
β-carotene from algae
5,714,658
Process for the extraction of
carotenes from natural
sources
Process of extraction of
β-carotene
5,612,485
High cis β-carotene
composition
Formulation containing βcarotene from natural
sources
5,378,369
Solvent extraction
β-carotene extraction
from alga
4,962,275
Method and apparatus for
supercritical fluid extraction
solution separation
Method to separate βcarotene using
supercritical fluid
extraction
Institute of
Applied
Biochemistry
(Mitake-cho, JP)
SKW Trostberg
Aktiengesellschaft
(Trostberg, DE)
Βtene Ltd of
Cheltenham
(Victoria, AU)
Sasol Chemical
Industries
(Proprietary)
Limited
(Johannesburg,
ZA)
United States of
America as
represented by the
Secretary of
Commerce
(Washington, DC)
May 2,
2000
February
3, 1998
March 18,
1997
January 3,
1995
October 9,
1990
β-Carotene produced by chemical synthesis
8,293,946
Dialdehyde compound,
preparation method thereof,
and synthetic method of
carotenoids using the same
Novel C dialdehyde
compound to synthesize
β-carotene
8,288,605
Dialdehyde compound,
preparation method thereof,
and synthetic method of
carotenoids using the same
Novel C dialdehyde
compound to synthesize
β-carotene
8,158,838
Diadehyde compound,
preparation method thereof,
and synthetic method of
carotenoids using the same
Novel C dialdehyde
compound to synthesize
β-carotene
7,928,266
Diadehyde compound,
preparation method thereof,
and synthetic method of
carotenoids using the same
Novel C dialdehyde
compound to synthesize
β-carotene
7,470,822
C10 dialdehyde, synthetic
method thereof, and synthetic
method of β-carotene using
the same
Novel C dialdehyde
compound to synthesize
β-carotene
Myongji
University
Industry and
Academia
Cooperation
(Gyeonggi-do,
KR)
Myongji
University
Industry and
Academia
Cooperation
(Gyeonggi-do,
KR)
Myongji
University
Industry and
Academia
Cooperation
(Gyeonggi-do,
KR)
Myongji
University
Industry and
Academia
Cooperation
(Gyeonggi-do,
KR)
Myongji
University
Industry and
Academia
Cooperation
October
23, 2012
October
16, 2012
April 17,
2012
April 19,
2011
December
39, 2008
(Gyeonggi-do,
KR)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
Sumitomo
Chemical
Company,
Limited (Osaka,
JP)
Koo; Sangho
(KR)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
7,378,558
Method for producing
carotenoids
Method to produce βcarotene
6,355,841
Process for producing .β.carotene
Process to obtain βcarotene
6,297,416
Process for making .β.carotene
Process to obtain βcarotene
5,689,022
Preparation of .β.-carotene
products with a high 9 (Z)
content
Method of production of
β-carotene
5,453,447
Preparation of stable
injectable .β.-carotene
solubilizates
Preparation of a βcarotene formula
5,300,658
2,5-bis(1,1-dialkoxy-2propyl)-2,5-dihydrofurans,
the preparation thereof and
the use thereof for the
preparation of carotenoids
Chemical synthesis of βcarotene
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
April 5,
1994
5,237,102
Sulfone aldehydes useful for
producing .β.-carotene
Process to produce βcarotene
Kuraray Company
Ltd. (Kurashiki,
JP)
August
17, 1993
Process for producing βcarotene
Kuraray Company
Ltd. (Kurashiki,
JP)
February
9, 1993
Method to synthetize βcarotene
Loyola University
of Chicago
(Chicago, IL)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
Loyola University
of Chicago
(Chicago, IL)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(DE)
5,185,468
5,061,819
Process for producing .β.carotene, and intermediate
compounds useful for the
process
Methods of improved skin
care and the treatment of
dermatological conditions
5,023,095
Color stabilization system for
β-carotene in dry food mixes
Method to synthetize βcarotene as food coloring
agent
4,916,250
Phosphonate reagent
compositions
Method to produce βcarotene
4,435,427
Stable injectable .β.-carotene
micellar solutions and their
preparation
4,049,718
Sulphones
4,048,234
Sulphones
4,038,323
Alkenyl aryl sulfones
Process for the
preparation of β-carotene
micellar solutions
Process to obtain
intermediates for βcarotene synthesis
Process to obtain
intermediates for βcarotene synthesis
Process to obtain
intermediates for βcarotene synthesis
May 27,
2008
March 12,
2002
October 2,
2001
November
18, 1997
September
26, 1995
October
29, 1991
June 11,
1991
April 10,
1990
March 6,
1984
Rhone-Poulenc,
S.A. (Paris, FR)
September
20, 1977
Rhone-Poulenc,
S.A. (Paris, FR)
September
13, 1977
Rhone-Poulenc,
S.A. (Paris, FR)
July 26,
1977
Patented enzymes or DNA sequences to produce β-carotene by organism transformation
8,138,391
Or gene and its use in
manipulating carotenoid
Gene related to
carotenoid manipulation
The United States
of America as
March 20,
2012
content and composition in
plants and other organisms
to increase β-carotene
levels
8,071,841
Or gene and its use in
manipulating carotenoid
content and composition in
plants and other organisms
Gene related to
carotenoid manipulation
to increase β-carotene
levels
7,745,170
Process for producing
carotenoid compound
Process for producing βcarotene
7,288,387
Genes of strain DC413
encoding enzymes involved
in biosynthesis of carotenoid
compounds
Carotenogenic genes
isolated form Panteoa
stewartii
7,070,952
Genes encoding carotenoid
compounds
Carotenogenic genes
from Pectobacterium
7,064,196
Genes encoding carotenoid
compounds
Carotenogenic genes
from strain DC260 of the
enterobacter family
6,929,928
Genes encoding carotenoid
compounds
6,613,543
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,524,811
Methods of increasing or
decreasing carotenoids and
other isoprenoids using IPP
isomerase
6,207,409
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,124,113
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,087,152
Fermentative carotenoid
production
5,656,472
β-carotene biosynthesis in
genetically engineered hosts
5,589,581
DNA sequences useful for
the synthesis of carotenoids
Carotenogenic genes
from Pantoea
agglomerans to produce
β-carotene
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp.
R1534 to produce βcarotene
DNA sequences to
modulate carotenoids
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp.
R1534 to produce βcarotene
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp.
R1534 to produce βcarotene
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp.
R1534 to produce βcarotene
DNA segments from
Erwinia herbicola to
modulate carotenoids
DNA sequences which
are useful for the
represented by the
Secretary of
Agriculture
(Washinton, DC)
N/A (Ithaca, NY)
Boyce Thompson
Institute Inc.
(Ithaca, NY)
Cornell
University
The United States
of America as
represented by the
Secretary of
Agriculture
(Washington, DC)
Nippon Oil
Corporation
(Tokyo, JP)
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
December
6, 2011
June 29,
2010
October
30, 2007
July 4,
2006
June 20,
2006
August
16, 2005
Roche Vitamins,
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
September
2, 2003
University of
Maryland
(College Park,
MD)
February
25, 2003
Roche Vitamins,
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
March 27,
2001
Roche Vitamins,
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
September
26, 2000
Roche Vitamins,
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
July 11,
2000
Amoco
Corporation
(Chicago, IL)
Kirin Beer
Kabushiki Kaisha
August
12, 1997
December
31, 1996
5,530,188
β-carotene biosynthesis in
genetically engineered hosts
5,429,939
DNA sequences useful for
the synthesis of carotenoids
* Assignee is not available
synthesis of carotenoids
such as β-carotene
DNA segments encoding
the Erwinia enzymes for
carotenogenic genes
DNA sequences for βcarotene production
(Tokyo-To, JP)
Amoco
Corporation
(Chicago, IL)
Kirin Beer
Kabushiki Kaisha
(Tokyo-To, JP)
June 25,
1996
July 4,
1995
Supplementary table 3:
Patent
number
Title
Brief description
Assignee
Date of
issue
Applications of lycopene for humans (cosmetics, dietary supplements...)
8,460,718
Synergistic compositions
and methods
8,454,951
Nutritional supplements for
women desiring to become
pregnant, and pregnant and
nursing women
8,377,454
Treating male infertility
secondary to sperm
oxidative stress
8,354,126
Composition for prostate
health
8,263,667
Nutritional supplement for
use under physiologically
stressful conditions
8,263,156
Food supplement based on
biological lycopene and
process to obtain biological
lycopene
8,263,147
Infant formulas containing
docosahexaenoic acid and
lutein
8,221,803
Composition for prostate
health
8,206,759
Method of reducing blood
cholesterol and triglyceride
levels using combinations of
vasoprotective agent
Pharmaceutical
compositions for oral
administration comprising
a therapeutically effective
amount of lycopene and
one phytosterol to inhibit
cell growth
LycoRed Ltd. (IL)
June 11,
2013
Nutritional formulation
containing lycopene
Argent
Development
Group, LLC
(Mountain View,
CA)
June 4,
2013
*
February
19, 2013
OncoNatural
Solutions, Inc.
(Los Angeles,
CA)
January
15, 2013
Vertical
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (Sayreville,
NJ)
September
11, 2012
*
September
11, 2012
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
September
11, 2012
OncoNatural
Solutions, Inc.
(Los Angeles,
CA)
July 17,
2012
Indena S.p. A.
(Milan, IT)
June 26,
2012
A profertility composition
including lycopene for
administration to infertile
men with sperm oxidative
stress
Composition containing
lycopene to prevent,
alleviate, and/or treat
symptoms associated with
prostate conditions and
disease
Nutritional supplement
May include one or more
listed vitamins, minerals
and lycopene
Innovative food
supplement based on
biological lycopene
Method of reducing the
risk or severity of
retinopathy of prematurity
in preterm infants by
administration of a
formulation containing
lycopene
Composition containing
lycopene to prevent,
alleviate, and/or treat
symptoms associated with
prostate conditions and
disease
Combinations of
vasoprotective agents
(containing lycopene) for
the treatment of reducing
blood cholesterol and
triglyceride levels induced
by an excess of plasma
8,202,546
Nutritional supplement for
use under physiologically
stressful conditions
8,197,854
Nutritional supplement for
use under physiologically
stressful conditions
7,964,189
Nutritional supplements for
women desiring to become
pregnant, and pregnant and
nursing women
7,939,115
Dietary supplement and
related method
7,901,710
Nutritional supplement for
use under physiologically
stressful conditions
7,662,401
Administration of extracts
of nonfruiting
nonphotosynthetic
filamentous bacteria for
increasing the endogenous
synthesis of superoxide
dismutase
7,438,936
lipids
Nutritional supplement
May include one or more
listed vitamins, minerals
and lycopene
Nutritional supplement
May include one or more
listed vitamins, minerals
and lycopene
Nutritional supplement
containing lycopene for
the uses set forth above
Nutritional supplement to
improve plasma
concentrations of
antioxidant nutrients
Nutritional supplement
May include one or more
listed vitamins, minerals
and lycopene
Vertical
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (Sayreville,
NJ)
Vertical
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (Sayreville,
NJ)
Argent
Development
Group, LLC
(Mountain View,
CA)
Access Business
Group
International LLC
(Ada, MI)
June 19,
2012
June 12,
2012
June 21,
2011
May 10,
2011
Vertical
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (Edison, NJ)
March 8,
2011
Cosmetic or
pharmaceutical use of an
extract of a nonfruiting
nonphotosynthetic
filamentous bacterium and
lycopene
L'Oreal (Paris,
FR)
February
16, 2010
Dietary supplement and
related method
Nutritional supplement
containing lycopene
Access Business
Group
International LLC
(Ada, MI)
October
21, 2008
7,435,432
Combined marine and plant
extract compositions
Formulation containing
lycopene for the treatment
of ageing skin and the
delaying of the onset of the
signs of ageing in healthy
skin
Olson; Bengt
Krister
(Copenhagen O,
DK)
October
14, 2008
7,416,749
Dietary supplement and
related method
Nutritional supplement
containing lycopene
Nutritional formula
containing select carotenoid
combinations
Carotenoid formulations,
comprising a mixture of
.beta.-carotene, lycopene
and lutein
Nutritional formulas to
improve product stability
and color characteristics
Carotenoid formulation to
be used in human and
animal foods, cosmetics
and pharmaceuticals
Dietary supplement
containing lycopene for
treating of preventing
prostate disease and/or
vascular disease
A composition containing
lycopene for correcting a
dietary phytonutrient
deficiency
Multivitamin and mineral
7,090,879
7,056,525
7,022,350
Dietary supplement
6,989,161
Phytonutrient nutritional
supplement
6,953,588
Multi-vitamin and mineral
Access Business
Group
International LLC
(Ada, MI)
Abbott
Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
Proethic
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.
(Montgomery,
AL)
Access Business
Group
International LLC
(Ada, MI)
Cooper Concepts,
August
26, 2008
August
15, 2006
June 6,
2006
April 4,
2006
January
24, 2006
October
supplement
6,946,151
6,630,160
6,630,158
Therapeutic compositions
Process to modulate disease
risk with doses of a
nutraceutical
Dietary supplement
composition and method for
improving and maintaining
healthy skin
6,623,769
Administration of lycopene
for combating skin/mucous
membrane damage
6,589,535
Nutritional supplement
based on blackcurrant seed
oil
6,555,142
Food supplement
formulation
6,555,134
Synergistic mixtures of
garlic and lycopene for
preventing LDL oxidation
6,515,018
Synergistic compositions for
lycopene and Vitamin E for
the prevention of LDL
oxidation
6,511,675
Composition and method
for correcting a dietary
phytochemical deficiency
6,509,029
Carotenoid formulations,
comprising a mixture of
.beta.-carotene, lycopene
and lutein
6,482,447
Method and composition for
the treatment of benign
prostate hypertrophy (BPH)
and prevention of prostate
cancer
6,436,449
Use of a composition
6,399,115
Method and composition for
the treatment of benign
prostate hypertrophy (BPH)
and prevention of prostate
cancer
supplement tailored to men
and post-menopausal
women
Formulation containing
lycopene to ameliorate
cholesterolemia, obesity,
chronic complications of
diabetes
Dietary supplement
containing lycopene to
reduce risk of disease
Dietary supplement
composition containing
lycopene for promoting
healthy skin
Lycopene for treating,
preventively and/or
curatively, cutaneous signs
of aging
Composition containing
lycopene for preventing
and/or combating the
harmful effects of
xenobiotics on the skin, in
particular on the skin's
immune system
Formulation containing
lycopene
Pharmaceutical
composition containing
lycopene to prevent
atherosclerosis
Pharmaceutical
composition containing
lycopene to prevent
atherosclerosis
A composition containing
lycopene for correcting a
dietary phytonutrient
deficiency
Carotenoid formulation to
be used in human and
animal foods, cosmetics
and pharmaceuticals
Compositions comprising
lycopene for treating
various conditions and
diseases, including benign
prostatic hypertrophy and
prostate cancer
Manufacture of a
medicament for the
treatment of a mammal
suffering from tinnitus
Compositions comprising
lycopene for treating
various conditions and
diseases, including benign
prostatic hypertrophy and
prostate cancer
Inc. (Dallas, TX)
11, 2005
Ayurvedic-Life
International,
LLC (Neenah,
WI)
September
20, 2005
Genetic Services
Management, Inc.
(Omaha, NE)
October 7,
2003
Stiefel
Laboratories, Inc.
(Oak Hill, NY)
October 7,
2003
Societe L'Oreal
S.A. (Paris, FR)
September
23, 2003
July 8,
2
0
0
3
Johnson &
Johnson SA (FR)
*
Lycored Natural
Products
Industries Ltd.
(Beer Sheva, IL)
Lycored Natural
Products
Industries Ltd.
(Beer Sheva, IL)
Access Business
Group
International,
LLC (Ada, MI)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
April 29,
2003
April 29,
2003
February
4, 2003
January
28, 2003
January
21, 2003
Braswell; Glenn
(Miami, FL)
November
19, 2002
*
August
20, 2002
Braswell; Glenn
(Miami, FL)
June 4,
2002
6,362,211
Compositions containing
natural lycopene and natural
tocopherol
6,361,800
Multivitamin and mineral
supplement
6,350,776
Method of treating
proliferative disease with
lycopene and alphatocopherol
6,299,896
Multi-vitamin and mineral
supplement
6,262,109
6,261,598
6,235,315
Methods of preventing
and/or treating high serum
levels of cholesterol and/or
lipids
Carotenoid formulations,
comprising a mixture of
.beta.-carotene, lycopene
and lutein
Stable, pulverulent lycopene
formulations, comprising
lycopene having a degree of
crystallinity of greater than
20%
6,110,478
Composition having tanning
and photoprotective activity,
and its cosmetic applications
5,849,787
Hypercholesterolemia
therapeutic agent
5,834,044
Method of making a health
food product containing
anti-oxidants
5,827,900
Method and pharmaceutical
preparations for reducing
the activity of cells
5,705,526
Hypercholesterolemia
therapeutic agent
5,643,623
Health food product and its
uses
A method for preventing
or treating high serum
levels of cholesterol and
lipids in a mammal
multi-vitamin and mineral
supplement containing
lycopene
Method of treating,
inhibiting, or preventing
proliferative disease,
particularly cancer, by
administering an effective
amount of the combination
of lycopene and αtocopherol.
Multi-vitamin and mineral
supplement containing
lycopene
Formulation containing
lycopene to prevent or
treat high serum levels of
cholesterol or lipids
Carotenoid formulation to
be used in human and
animal foods, cosmetics
and pharmaceuticals
Carotenoid formulation to
be used in human and
animal foods, cosmetics
and pharmaceuticals
Oral or topical
composition containing
lycopene having tanning
and sun-screening activity,
and the cosmetic uses
thereof,
A hypercholesterolemia
therapeutic agent
containing lycopene as an
effective ingredient
Lycopene as food additive
Composition with a cancer
cell growth-inhibiting
effective amount of
lycopene
A hypercholesterolemia
therapeutic agent
containing lycopene as an
effective ingredient
Formulation containing
lycopene to enhance in
vivo oxidative defense
Cognis
Corporation
(Gulph MIlls, PA)
March 26,
2002
Cooper Concepts,
Inc. (Dallas, TX)
March 26,
2002
*
February
26, 2002
Cooper Concepts,
Inc. (Dallas, TX)
October 9,
2001
Henkel
Corporation
(Gulph Mills, PA)
July 17,
2001
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
July 17,
2001
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen)
May 22,
2001
Laboratoire
Oenobiol (Paris,
FR)
August
29, 2000
Mutsunori
Fujiwara (Tokyo,
JP)
December
15, 1998
Mars,
Incorporated
(McLean, VA)
November
10, 1998
Makhteshim Agan
(Beer-Sheva, IL)
October
27, 1998
Fujiwara;
Mutsunori
(Tokyo, JP)
January 6,
1998
Mars Incorporated
(McClean, VA)
July 1,
1997
Aquapharm BioDiscovery Ltd.
January
29, 2013
Lycopene produced by bacteria
8,361,743
Biological production of
zeaxanthin and carotenoid
Strain of Algibacter which
is capable of producing
biosynthesis control
8,232,083
Method of producing
lycopene using recombinant
Escherichia coli
significant levels of
carotenoids, especially
zeaxanthin at high purity
A method of producing
lycopene with high
productivity by means of a
recombinant bacterial
strain
(Oban, GB)
Amicogen Co.,
Ltd.
(GyungsangnamDo, KR)
July 31,
2012
Lycopene produced by fungi
7,799,540
6,696,282
Method of producing
lycopene through the
fermentation of selected
strains of Blackeslea
trispora, formulations and
uses of the lycopene thus
obtained
Fermentation with selected
strains of B. trispora to
achieve lycopene yields
higher than those currently
described
Vitatene, S.A.
(Leon, ES)
September
21, 2010
Fusarium sporotrichioides
strains for production of
lycopene
Transformed strains of
Fusarium sporotrichioides
effective for the
production of lycopene
The United States
of America as
represented by the
Secretary of
Agriculture
(Washington, DC)
January
24, 2004
Lycopene produced by plants
8,524,992
High lycopene content
tomato plants and markers
for use in breeding for same
7,575,766
Tagetes erecta with altered
carotenoid compositions and
ratios
7,033,622
Tagetes erecta with altered
carotenoid compositions and
ratios
Solanum pimpinellifolium
plants which are
exceptionally high in fruit
lycopene content
Marigold plants with
enhanced lycopene content
and methods for obtaining
such plants
Marigold plants with
enhanced lycopene content
and methods for obtaining
such plants
The Penn State
Research
Foundation
(University Park,
PA)
Ball Horticultural
Company (West
Chicago,
unknown)
September
3, 2013
August
18, 2009
Ball Horticultural
Company (West
Chicago, IL)
April 25,
2006
Nestec S.A.
(Vevey, CH)
August
13, 2013
Indena S.p.A.
(Milan, IT)
July 10,
2012
Methods of extraction of lycopene
8,507,014
Natural lycopene
concentrate and method for
production thereof
8,216,619
Stable and bioavailable
compositions of isomers of
carotenoids for skin and hair
7,883,731
Natural coloring products
7,641,931
Industrial tomato process
and product obtained thereof
Natural lycopene
concentrate obtained from
a plant structure after
alkalinization, solid-liquid
separation, acidification
and a second solid-liquid
separation
Method of manufacturing
a stable composition
enriched in cis-lycopene
(z-isomers)
A red colorant formed of
500 to 3000 ppm of
crystalline lycopene
Process to control
viscosity and lycopene
concentration of tomato
Lycored Natural
Products (BeerSheva, IL)
Lycored Natural
Products
Industries, Ltd.
February
8, 2011
January 5,
2010
7,582,325
7,557,146
6,344,573
Process for the preparation
of tomato extracts with high
content in lycopene
Method of preparing
lycopene-enriched
formulations that are free of
organic solvents,
formulations thus obtained,
compositions comprising
said formulations and use of
same
Process for extraction and
concentration of liposoluble
vitamins and provitamins,
growth factors and animal
and vegetable hormones
from residues and byproducts of industrialized
animal and vegetable
products
5,965,183
Stable lycopene
concentrates and process for
their preparation
5,897,866
Process for the extraction of
lycopene using phospholipid
in the extraction medium
5,858,700
Process for the isolation and
purification of lycopene
crystals
products
A process for the
extraction of lycopene
from whole tomatoes
(Beer Sheva, IL)
Indena S.p.A.
(Milan, IT)
September
1, 2009
Process to obtain a
lycopene-enriched
formulation free of organic
solvents
*
July
7,2009
Process for the extraction
and concentration of non
saponificable substances
Resitec Industria
Quimica LTDA
(Duane de Caxias,
BR)
February
5, 2002
*
October
12, 1999
Indena S.p.A.
(Milan, IT)
April 27,
1999
Kemin Foods, LC
(Des Moines, IA)
January
12, 1999
A process for a preparing
stable lycopene
concentrate in an
essentially non-dissolving
liquid and uses thereof
Preparation of pure
lycopene or of lipophilic
extracts from tomato
Process for isolating and
purifying lycopene crystals
from a biological lycopene
source
Lycopene produced by chemical synthesis
1,4,6,10-tetra-double bond
pentadec-carbon
phosphonate, preparation
method thereof, and
preparation method of
lycopene using the same
Preparation method of
lycopene via 1,4,6,10tetra-double bond
pentadec-carbon
phosphonate
*
September
17, 2013
Process for isomerisation of
lycopene in the presence of
thiourea
The present invention
relates to isomerization of
Z-lycopene in mixtures of
isomers to mixtures
enriched with all Elycopene
Divi's
Laboratories, Ltd.
(IN)
March 5,
2013
8,293,946
Dialdehyde compound,
preparation method thereof,
and synthetic method of
carotenoids using the same
C dialdehyde compound
which can be efficiently
utilized in the synthesis of
carotenoid compounds
based on the sulfone
chemistry
8,288,605
Dialdehyde compound,
preparation method thereof,
and synthetic method of
carotenoids using the same
C dialdehyde compound
which can be efficiently
utilized in the synthesis of
carotenoid compounds
based on the sulfone
8,536,361
8,389,790
Myongji
University
Industry and
Academia
Cooperation
(Gyeonggi-do,
KR)
Myongji
University
Industry and
Academia
Cooperation
October
23, 2012
October
16, 2012
chemistry
8,158,838
Dialdehyde compound,
preparation method thereof,
and synthetic method of
carotenoids using the same
C dialdehyde compound
which can be efficiently
utilized in the synthesis of
carotenoid compounds
based on the sulfone
chemistry
7,928,266
Dialdehyde compound,
preparation method thereof,
and synthetic method of
carotenoids using the same
C dialdehyde compound
which can be efficiently
utilized in the synthesis of
carotenoid compounds
based on the sulfone
chemistry
7,378,558
Method for producing
carotenoids
Process for preparing
carotenoids chemically
7,126,036
Thermal isomerization of
lycopene
Process for the thermal
isomerization of a mixture
of all-E-lycopene and its Z
isomer
6,747,166
Process for preparing
carotenoid polyene chain
compounds and
intermediates for preparing
the same
Process for preparing
carotenoids chemically
6,617,305
Stable aqueous dispersion of
nutrients
Stable aqueous dispersion
of lycopene, isoflavones,
lutein and coenzyme Q
6,455,072
Stable aqueous dispersion of
nutrients
Stable aqueous dispersion
of lycopene, isoflavones,
lutein and coenzyme Q
6,331,652
Process for producing
lycopene and intermediate
thereof
Process for preparing
lycopene chemically
6,204,414
6,040,475
Intermediate compound (5[2-hydroxy-5-(1-hydroxy-1methylethyl)-2-methylcyclopentyl]-3-methyl-p
enta-2,4-dienyl)
triphenylphos-phosphonium
salt, for making metabolites
of lycopene
Intermediate compounds for
making metabolites of
lycopene
(Gyeonggi-do,
KR)
Myongji
University
Industry and
Academia
Cooperation
(Gyeonggi-do,
KR)
Myongji
University
Industry and
Academia
Cooperation
(Gyeonggi-do,
KR)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen,
DE)
Koo; Sangho
(Seoul, KR)
SK
Corporation
(Seoul, KR)
Ingredient
Innovations
International
(Wooster, OH)
Ingredient
Innovations
International
(Wooster, OH)
Sumitomo
Chemical
Company,
Limited (Osaka,
JP)
April 17,
2012
April 19,
2011
May 27,
2008
October
24, 2006
June 8,
2004
September
9, 2003
September
24, 2002
December
18, 2001
Intermediate compound for
use in a multi-stage
process for making an
oxidative metabolite of the
carotenoid, lycopene 2,6cyclolycopene-1,5-diol
Roche Vitamins
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
March 20,
2001
Useful intermediates for
the synthesis of lycopene
metabolites
Roche Vitamins
Inc. (Nutley, NJ)
March 21,
2000
6,008,417
Process for making
metabolites of lycopene
Process for making
metabolites of lycopene
Roche Vitamins
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
December
28, 1999
5,973,179
C-15 phosphonate reagent
compositions for the
manufacture of compounds
such as lycopene and
C-15 phosphonate reagent
compositions for the
manufacture of lycopene
Loyola University
of Chicago
(Chicago, IL)
October
26, 1999
5,208,381
5,166,445
methods of synthesizing the
same
Method for the manufacture
of carotenoids and novel
intermediates
Method for the manufacture
of carotenoids and novel
intermediates
Process for preparing
lycopene chemically
Process for preparing
lycopene chemically
Hoffmann-La
Roche Inc.
(Nutley, NJ)
Hoffmann-La
Roche Inc.
(Nutley, NJ)
May 4,
1993
November
24, 1992
Patented enzymes, DNA sequences or promoters to produce lycopene by organism transformation
7,960,612
Plant quality with various
promoters
Transcription factor
polypeptides to produce
transgenic plants having
advantageous properties,
including increased
lycopene
Transcription factor
polypeptides to produce
transgenic plants having
advantageous properties,
including increased
lycopene
Mutation in a carotenoidproducing microorganism
in which the base sequence
of DNA corresponding to
16S ribosomal RNA is
substantially homologous
to the base sequence
described
7,956,242
Plant quality traits
7,745,170
Process for producing
carotenoid compound
7,585,659
Carotene synthase gene and
uses therefor
Gene involved in the
carotenoid pathway
7,582,451
Carotene synthase gene and
uses therefor
Gene involved in the
carotenoid pathway
7,288,387
Genes of strain DC413
encoding enzymes involved
in biosynthesis of
carotenoid compounds
A carotenogenic
biosynthetic gene cluster
isolated from Panteoa
stewartii strain DC413
7,205,123
Recombinant materials for
carotenoid production
Recombinant DNA to
produce carotenoids
7,202,067
Carotene synthase gene and
uses therefor
Gene involved in the
carotenoid pathway
7,070,952
Genes encoding carotenoid
compounds
Carotenogenic genes from
Pectobacterium cypripedii
7,064,196
Genes encoding carotenoid
compounds
Carotenogenic genes from
strain DC260
7,063,955
Method for production of
Carotenogenic genes
Mendel
Biotechnology,
Inc. (Hayward,
CA)
Monsanto
Technology LLC
(St. Louis, MO)
June 14,
2011
Mendel
Biotechnology,
Inc. (Hayward,
CA)
June 7,
2011
Nippon Oil
Corporation
(Tokyo, JP)
June 29,
2010
Martek
Biosciences
Corporation
(Columbia, MD)
Martek
Biosciences
Corporation
(Columbia, MD)
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
DSM IP Assets
B.V. (Te Heerlen,
NL)
Martek
Biosciences
Corporation
(Columbia, MD)
E. I. du Pont
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
E. I. du Pont
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
E. I. du Pont
September
8, 2009
September
1, 2009
October
30, 2007
April 17,
2007
April 10,
2007
July 4,
2006
June 20,
2006
June 20,
asymmetric carotenoids
6,929,928
Genes encoding carotenoid
compounds
6,613,543
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,252,141
Tomato gene B
polynucleotides coding for
lycopene cyclase
6,207,409
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,124,113
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,087,152
Fermentative carotenoid
production
5,570,865
Process for modifying the
production of carotenoids in
plants, and DNA, constructs
and cells therefor
5,589,581
DNA sequences useful for
the synthesis of carotenoids
5,530,189
Lycopene biosynthesis in
genetically engineered hosts
5,304,478
Modification of carotenoid
production in tomatoes
using pTOM5
* Assignee is not available
isolated from Rhodococcus
and Deinococcus
Carotenogenic
biosynthetic gene cluster
isolated from Panteoa
agglomerans strain DC404
Proteins and DNA
sequence of
Flavobacterium sp R1534
to produce carotenoids
An isolated
complementary and
genomic DNA segment
encoding lycopene cyclase
of the B locus of tomato
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp R1534
to synthesize lycopene
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp R1534
to synthesize lycopene
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp R1534
to synthesize lycopene
Gene construct pTOM5
involved in the carotenoid
pathway
DNA sequences which are
useful for the synthesis of
carotenoids such as
lycopene
DNA segments encoding
the Erwinia enzymes for
carotenogenic genes
Gene construct pTOM5
involved in the carotenoid
pathway
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
Roche Vitamins,
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
Yissum Research
and Development
Company of the
Hebrew
University of
Jerusalem
(Jerusalem, IL)
Roche Vitamins
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
2006
August
16, 2005
September
2, 2003
June 26,
2001
March 27,
2001
Roche Vitamins
Inc. (Nutley, NJ)
September
26, 2000
Roche Vitamins
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
July 11,
2000
Zeneca Limited
(London, GB2)
May 12,
1998
Kirin Beer
Kabushiki Kaisha
(Tokyo-To, JP)
December
31, 1996
Amoco
Corporation
(Chicago, IL)
Imperial
Chemical
Industries PLC
(London, GB2)
June 25,
1996
April 19,
1994
Supplementary table 4:
Patent
number
Title
Assignee
Date of
issue
Formulation containing
lutein to increase
carotenoids in eggs
Kemin Industries, Inc.
(Des Moines, IA)
July 20,
2010
Use of lutein as feed
additive
The Iams Company
(Dayton, OH)
October
30, 2001
Brief description
Applications of lutein in feed
7,758,884
6,310,090
Formulation for
increasing the deposition
of dietary carotenoids in
eggs
Process and product for
enhancing immune
response in companion
animals using a
combination of
antioxidants
Applications of lutein for humans (cosmetics, dietary supplements ...)
8,389,504
Prenatal dietary
supplement
8,263,667
Nutritional supplement
for use under
physiologically stressful
conditions
8,263,147
Infant formulas
containing
docosahexaenoic acid
and lutein
8,212,063
8,202,546
8,197,854
8,158,164
7,939,115
Xanthophyll composition
containing trans, mesozeaxanthin, trans, R, Rzeaxanthin and trans, R,
R-lutein useful for
nutrition and health care
and a process for its
preparation
Nutritional supplement
for use under
physiologically stressful
conditions
Nutritional supplement
for use under
physiologically stressful
conditions
Edible composition for
treating cutaneous signs
of ageing
Dietary supplement and
related method
Prenatal dietary
supplement containing
lutein
Nutritional supplement
May include one or
more listed vitamins,
minerals and lutein
Method of reducing the
risk or severity of
retinopathy of
prematurity in preterm
infants by
administration of a
formulation containing
lutein
Formulation containing
lutein for nutrition and
health care
Nutritional supplement
May include one or
more listed vitamins,
minerals and lutein
Nutritional supplement
May include one or
more listed vitamins,
minerals and lutein
Formulation containing
lutein to treat cutaneous
signs of aging
Nutritional supplement
to improve plasma
concentrations of
antioxidant nutrients
Mead Johnson
Nutrition Company
(Glenview, IL)
March 5,
2013
Vertical
Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(Sayreville, NJ)
September
11, 2012
Abbott Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
September
11, 2012
OmniActive Health
Technologies Limited
(Thane, IN)
July 3,
2012
Vertical
Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(Sayreville, NJ)
June 19,
2012
Vertical
Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(Sayreville, NJ)
June 12,
2012
Conopco, Inc.
(Englewood Cliffs, NJ)
April 17,
2012
Access Business Group
International LLC
(Ada, MI)
May 10,
2011
7,901,710
7,887,847
7,842,722
Nutritional supplement
for use under
physiologically stressful
conditions
Nutritional supplement
for treatment of ocular
diseases
Composition and
methods for inhibiting
the progression macular
degeneration and
promoting healthy vision
Nutritional supplement
May include one or
more listed vitamins,
minerals and lutein
Composition containing
lutein to treat ocular
diseases
Formulation containing
lutein for inhibiting the
progression of macular
degeneration and
promoting health vision
Method of reducing the
risk or severity of
retinopathy of
prematurity in preterm
infants by
administration of a
formulation containing
lutein
7,829,126
Infant formulas
containing
docosahexaenoic acid
and lutein
7,438,936
Dietary supplement and
related method
Nutritional supplement
containing lutein
7,416,749
Dietary supplement and
related method
Nutritional supplement
containing lutein
7,351,424
7,267,830
7,186,685
7,090,879
7,056,525
Enhanced purity translutein-ester compositions
and methods of making
same
Composition and
methods for inhibiting
the progression macular
degeneration and
promoting healthy vision
Compositions comprising
gelatin-glycine and
carotenoids
Nutritional formula
containing select
carotenoid combinations
Carotenoid formulations,
comprising a mixture of
.beta.-carotene, lycopene
and lutein
7,045,643
Method for obtaining
novel lutein-based
formulations
6,989,161
Phytonutrient nutritional
supplement
6,946,151
Therapeutic
compositions
Formulation containing
lutein to be used in food
supplementation
Formulation for
inhibiting the
progression macular
degeneration and
promoting health vision
Composition containing
lutein to be used in
cosmetics
Nutritional formula
including lutein
Carotenoid formulation
to be used in human and
animal foods, cosmetics
and pharmaceuticals
Formulation containing
lutein to be applied as
colorant in the
pharmaceutical, food
and cosmetic industry
A composition
containing lycopene for
correcting a dietary
phytonutrient
deficiency
Formulation containing
lycopene to ameliorate
cholesterolemia,
obesity, chronic
complications of
Vertical
Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(Edison, NJ)
March 8,
2011
*
February
15, 2011
Alcon, Inc.
(Hunenberg, CH)
November
30, 2010
Abbott Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
November
9, 2010
Access Business Group
International LLC
(Ada, MI)
Access Business Group
International LLC
(Ada, MI)
October
21, 2008
August 26,
2008
Bio Lut S.A. de C.V.
(San Antonio, TX)
April 1,
2008
Alcon, Inc.
(Hunenberg, CH)
Setembre
11, 2007
Mavi Sud S.R.L.
(Aprilia Lt, IT)
March 6,
2007
Abbott Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
August 15,
2006
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
June 6,
2006
Vitatene, S.A. (Leon,
ES)
May 16,
2006
Access Business Group
International LLC
(Ada, MI)
January
24, 2006
Ayurvedic-Life
International, LLC
(Neenah, WI)
September
20, 2005
diabetes
6,866,877
6,863,914
6,863,904
6,743,953
6,737,535
6,660,293
6,572,897
Carbonated fortified
milk-based beverage and
method for suppressing
bacterial growth in the
beverage
Stable, aqueous
dispersions and stable,
water-dispersible dry
powders of xanthophylls,
and production and use
of the same
Compositions and
methods for prophylactic
and therapeutic
supplementation of
nutrition in subjects
Process for the
preparation of
xanthophyll crystals
Trans-lutein enriched
xanthophyll ester
concentrate and a process
for its preparation
Compositions and
methods for prophylactic
and therapeutic
supplementation of
nutrition in subjects
Insulin sensitivity
maintenance and blood
sugar level maintenance
formulation for the
prevention and treatment
of diabetes
6,511,675
Composition and method
for correcting a dietary
phytochemical deficiency
6,509,029
Carotenoid formulations,
comprising a mixture of
.beta.-carotene, lycopene
and lutein
6,313,169
Lutein esters having high
bioavailability
6,261,598
Carotenoid formulations,
comprising a mixture of
β-carotens, lycopene and
lutein
6,218,436
Pharmaceutically active
carotenoids
6,110,478
Composition having
tanning and
photoprotective activity,
and its cosmetic
Formulation containing
lutein to supply
essential nutrients
MAC Farms, Inc.
(Burlington, MA)
March 15,
2005
Formulation containing
lutein to be used in the
pharmaceutical, food
and cosmetic industry
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
March 8,
2005
Composition containing
lutein for food
supplementation
Everett Laboratories,
Inc. (West Orange, NJ)
March 8,
2005
Process for the
preparation of
xanthophylls crystals to
be used in food
supplements
Kancor Flavours &
Extracts Ltd. (Kerala,
IN)
June 1,
2004
Lutein concentrate to be
used for human
consumption
Kancor Flavours &
Extracts Ltd. (Kerala,
IN)
May 18,
2004
Compositions
containing lutein to be
used as food
supplements
Everett Laboratories,
Inc. (West Orange, NJ)
December
9, 2003
Composition containing
lutein to be used in food
supplements
Vitacost.com, Inc.
(Boynton Beach, FL)
June 3,
2003
Access Business Group
International, LLC
(Ada, MI)
January
28, 2003
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
January
21, 2003
Composition containing
lutein to correct a
dietary phytochemical
deficiency
Carotenoid formulation
to be used in human and
animal foods, cosmetics
and pharmaceuticals
Lutein esters to provide
protection from harmful
effects of free radicals
Formulation containing
lutein to be used in
human and animal
foods, cosmetics and
pharmaceuticals
Pharmaceutical use of
lutein to treat advanced
macular degeneration
Oral or topical
composition containing
lycopene having
tanning and sun-
*
November
6, 2001
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
July 17,
2001
The Howard
Foundation
(Cambridge, GB)
April 17,
2001
Laboratoire Oenobiol
(Paris, FR)
August 29,
2000
applications
6,075,058
screening activity, and
the cosmetic uses
thereof
Compositions for
increased bioavailability
of carotenoids
Composition containing
lutein for human use
Tufts University
(Boston, MA)
June 13,
2000
Lutein produced by algae
8,357,510
Process for obtaining
lutein from algae
Process of obtaining
lutein in a high yield
from green algae
8,067,225
Microalga species and its
application for animal,
human consumption and
in obtaining carotenoids
Novel strain of
Scenedesmus producing
lutein
Cognis IP Management
GmbH (Duesseldorf,
DE)
Universidad de
Almeria (Almeria, ES)
Caja Rural
Intermediterranea
(Almeria, ES)
January
22, 2013
November
29, 2011
Lutein produced by fungi
6,783,951
Process for production of
carotenoids, xanthophylls
and apo-carotenoids
utilizing eukaryotic
microorganisms
Method for producing
an effective amount of
lutein in
Thraustochytrium
*
August 31,
2004
Katra Phytochem
(India) Private Limited
(Bangalore, IN)
July 9,
2013
Katra Phytochem India
Private Limited
(Bangalore District,
IN)
April 23,
2013
Method of isolation of
lutein
Unibar Corporation
(Houston, TX)
August 30,
2011
Use of ozonation to
increase lutein
extraction from plants
Board of Supervisors
of Louisiana State
University and
Agricultural and
Mechanical College
(Baton Rouge, LA)
May 17,
2011
Method of isolation of
lutein
Allied Biotech
Corporation (TW)
January
25, 2011
Process of saponifying
Marigold flower and
obtention of lutein
OMNICA GmbH
(Hamburg, DE)
October
12, 2010
Method for extracting
Board of Supervisors
March 2,
Methods of extraction of lutein
8,481,769
Isolation and purification
of cartenoids from
marigold flowers
8,425,948
Process for isolation of
lutein and zeaxanthin
crystals from plant
sources
8,088,532
Processes and methods
for extraction and
purification of lutein
from marigold esters
7,943,804
7,875,751
7,812,198
7,671,242
Lutein extraction from
ozone-treated plant
sources
Method for the
purification of
carotenoids from plant
extracts and the products
so obtained
Process for the
manufacture of a
composition containing
at least one xanthophyll
Isolation of aflatoxin-free
Process for isolation of
carotenoids crystals
comprising drying a
plant part to obtain a
meal and extracting the
meal with alcohol
Process for isolation of
carotenoids crystals
comprising drying a
plant part to obtain a
meal and extracting the
meal with alcohol
lutein from aflatoxincontaminated plants and
plant products
7,622,599
Isolation and purification
of carotenoids from
marigold
7,297,803
Process for the
preparation of lutein ester
concentrate
7,253,294
Isolation of lutein from
alfalfa
7,214,379
7,179,930
7,150,890
Method for the
purification of marigold
oleoresin
Process for isolating,
purifying and
formulating a stable,
commercial grade Lutein
paste from oleoresin
Process for the
purification of marigold
xanthophylls
7,109,361
Isolation of lutein from
alfalfa
6,909,021
Method of extracting
lutein from green plant
materials
6,737,552
Method for extracting
lutein from green plant
materials
6,689,400
6,380,442
6,329,557
6,262,284
Process of obtaining
compositions of stable
lutein and lutein
derivatives
Process for the isolation
of mixed carotenoids
from plants
Purification of
xanthophylls from
marigold extracts that
contain high levels of
chlorophylls
Process for extraction
and purification of lutein,
zeaxanthin and rare
carotenoids from
lutein from aflatoxincontaminated plants
Process for isolating
and purifying
carotenoids from
marigold
Method for
concentrating translutein esters from
marigold oleoresin
Process for an industrial
scale extraction and
purification of
xanthophylls from plant
material
of Louisiana State
University and
Agricultural and
Mechanical College
(Baton Rouge, LA)
2010
Katra Phytochem
Private Limited
(Bangalore, IN)
November
24, 2009
BioActives, LLC
(Belmont, MA)
November
20, 2007
Nu-Tein Co., Inc. (St.
Paul, MN)
August 7,
2007
Method of extraction
lutein
Riken Vitamin Co.,
Ltd. (Tokyo, JP)
May 8,
2007
Process for obtaining
stabilized lutein
Indus Biotech Private
Limited (Pune, IN)
February
20, 2007
*
December
19, 2006
AMEC E & C Services
Inc (Decatur, GA)
September
19, 2006
Alfalfa America, Inc.
(Minneapolis, MN)
June 21,
2005
*
May 18,
2004
Method of extraction of
lutein and obtain stable
compositions
Sabinsa Corporation
(Piscataway, NJ)
February
10, 2004
Method of extraction of
lutein
BioActives, LLC
(Belmont, MA)
April 30,
2002
Industrial scale process
for obtaining lutein
Prodemex, S.A. de
C.V. (Sinaloa, MX)
December
11, 2001
Process for extracting
saponifying and
isolating lutein from
plants
University of Maryland
(College Park, MD)
July 17,
2001
Process to extract,
saponify and purify
lutein from marigold
Process for an industrial
scale extraction and
purification of
xanthophylls from plant
material
Method for extracting
lutein from green plant
materials using
supercritical fluid
extraction
Method for extracting
lutein from green plant
materials using
supercritical fluid
extraction
6,191,293
5,959,138
5,648,564
5,382,714
4,048,203
marigold flowers and
plants
Trans-xanthophyll ester
concentrates of enhanced
purity and methods of
making same
Short chain diesters and
process for making the
same
Process for the
formation, isolation and
purification of
comestible xanthophyll
crystals from plants
Process for isolation,
purification, and
recrystallization of lutein
from saponified marigold
oleoresin and uses
thereof
Purification of luteinfatty acid esters from
plant materials
Lutein extracts
Inexa, Industria
Extractora C.A. (Quito,
EC)
February
20, 2001
Process to obtain a
product with high lutein
content
Industrial Organica
S.A. DE C.V. (Topo
Chico, Monterrey,
MX)
September
28, 1999
Process for forming,
isolating and purifying
xanthophyll crystals
from marigold
Kemin Industries, Inc.
(Des Moines, IA)
July 17,
1997
Process for isolation,
purification and
recrystallization of
lutein from saponified
marigold oleoresin
The Catholic
University of America
(Washington, DC)
January
17, 1995
Process for the
purification of luteinfatty acid esters from
marigold flower petals
*
September
13, 1977
Lutein produced by chemical synthesis
7,858,828
7,220,874
7,112,689
Process for synthesis of
(3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein and
its stereoisomers
Esterification of
xanthophylls
Method for the
production of a luteinfatty acid ester
concentrate
6,617,305
Stable aqueous
dispersion of nutrients
6,540,654
Carotenoid esters
6,455,072
Stable aqueous
dispersion of nutrients
6,420,614
Process for obtaining 3'epilutein
Chemical synthesis of
lutein
University of
Maryland, College
Park (College Park,
MD)
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(Geleen, NL)
December
28, 2010
Esterification of lutein
with C-18 fatty acids
Method to produce
lutein-fatty acid ester
concentration from
marigold oleoresin
Stable aqueous
dispersion of lycopene,
isoflavones, lutein and
coenzyme Q
Production of lutein
ester
Stable aqueous
dispersion of lycopene,
isoflavones, lutein and
coenzyme Q
May 22,
2007
Riken Vitamin Co.,
Ltd. (Tokyo, JP)
September
26, 2006
Ingredient Innovations
Internaitonal (Wooster,
OH)
September
9, 2003
*
April 1,
2003
Ingredient Innovations
International (Wooster,
OH)
September
24, 2002
Process for obtaining 3'epilutein
Industrial Organica,
S.A. DE C.V.
(Monterrey, MX)
July 16,
2002
Patented enzymes, DNA sequences or promoters to produce lutein by organism transformation
5,570,865
5,304,478
Process for modifying
the production of
carotenoids in plants, and
DNA, constructs and
cells therefor
Modification of
Gene construct pTOM5
involved in the
carotenoid pathway
Zeneca Limited
(London, GB2)
May 12,
1998
Gene construct pTOM5
Imperial Chemical
April 19,
carotenoid production in
tomatoes using pTOM5
* Assignee is not available
involved in the
carotenoid pathway
Industries PLC
(London, GB2)
1994
Supplementary table 5:
Patent
number
Title
Assignee
Date of
issue
Esterified zeaxanthin
for poultry or
aquaculture
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(Geleen, NL)
May 22,
2007
Saponified marigold
extract containing
zeaxanthin for broiler
pigmentation
Industrial Organica,
S.A. DE C.V.
(Monterrey, MX)
December
7, 1999
Zeaxanthin esters for
broiler pigmentation
Industrial Organica,
S.A. DE C.V.
(Monterrey, MX)
September
28, 1999
Brief description
Applications of zeaxanthin in feed
7,220,874
5,997,922
5,959,138
Esterification of
xanthophylls
Broiler skin and egg yolk
pigmentation by using
saponified marigold
extracts with a high content
of zeaxanthin
Short chain diesters and
process for making the
same
Applications of zeaxanthin for humans (cosmetics, dietary supplements ...)
8,501,163
Protection against sunburn
and skin problems with
topical and orally-ingested
dosages of zeaxanthin
8,481,009
Protection against sunburn
and skin problems with
orally-ingested highdosage zeaxanthin
8,263,147
Infant formulas containing
docosahexaenoic acid and
lutein
8,212,063
8,088,363
Xanthophyll composition
containing trans, mesozeaxanthin, trans, R, Rzeaxanthin and trans, R, Rlutein useful for nutrition
and health care and a
process for its preparation
Protection against sunburn
and skin problems with
orally-ingested highdosage zeaxanthin
7,941,211
Preloading with macular
pigment to improve
photodynamic treatment of
retinal vascular disorders
7,887,847
Nutritional supplement for
treatment of ocular
diseases
7,691,406
Zeaxanthin formulations
for human ingestion
Formulation containing
astaxanthin to protect
against sunburns, and
can give skin a darker
tint that emulates a
healthy suntan
Formulation containing
astaxanthin to protect
against sunburns, and
can give skin a darker
tint that emulates a
healthy suntan
Method of reduce risk
of retinopathy of
premature infants
containing zeaxanthin
Composition containing
zeaxanthin to nutrition
and healthcare
Formulation containing
zeaxanthin to protect
against sunburn and
skin problems
Formulation containing
zeaxanthin to improve
photodynamic
treatment of retinal
vascular disorders
Nutritional supplement
containing zeaxanthin
to promote visual
Health
Formulation containing
zeaxanthin to treat and
ZeaVision LLC
(Chesterfield, MO)
August 6,
2013
ZeaVision LLC
(Chesterfield, MO)
July 9,
2013
Abbott Laboratories
(Abbott Park, IL)
September
11, 2012
OmniActive Health
Technologies Limited
(Thane, IN)
July 3,
2012
ZeaVision LLC
(Chesterfield, MO)
January 3,
2012
ZeaVision LLC
(Chesterfield, MO)
May 10,
2011
*
February
15, 2011
ZeaVision LLC
(Chesterfield, MO)
April 6,
2010
7,071,478
6,936,279
6,866,877
6,743,953
6,737,535
6,329,432
Mixed zeaxanthin ester
concentrate and uses
thereof
Microcrystalline
zeaxanthin with high
bioavailability in oily
carrier formulations
Carbonated fortified milkbased beverage and
method for suppressing
bacterial growth in the
beverage
Process for the preparation
of xanthophyll crystals
Trans-lutein enriched
xanthophyll ester
concentrate and a process
for its preparation
Mesozeaxanthin
formulations for treatment
of retinal disorders
6,254,898
Nutraceutical composition
for protection against solar
radiation
6,218,436
Pharmaceutically active
carotenoids
6,075,058
Compositions for increased
bioavailability of
carotenoids
5,827,652
Zeaxanthin formulations
for human ingestion
prevent eye diseases
Formulation containing
zeaxanthin for human
use
Microcrystalline
zeaxanthin with higher
bioavailability to
human use
Chrysantis, Inc. (West
Chicago, IL)
July 25,
2006
ZeaVision LLC
(Chesterfield, MO)
August 30,
2005
Formulation containing
zeaxanthin to provide
dietary supplementation
MAC Farms, Inc.
(Burlington, MA)
March 15,
2005
Preparation of
xanthophyll crystals to
human use
Kancor Flavours &
Extracts Ltd. (Kerala,
IN)
June 1,
2004
Preparation of
xanthophyll crystals to
human use
Kancor Flavours and
Extracts Limited
(Kerala, IN)
May 18,
2004
Formulation containing
mesozeaxanthin for
human use
Nutraceutical
composition for
protection against solar
damage
Pharmaceutical
composition containing
zeaxanthin
Composition containing
zeaxanthin for human
use
Preparation containing
zeaxanthin to treat and
prevent macular
degeneration
The Howard
Foundation
(Cambridge, GB)
December
11, 2001
Protective Factors,
Inc. (Boston, MA)
July 3,
2001
The Howard
Foundation
(Cambridge, GB)
April 17,
2001
Tufts University
(Boston, MA)
June 13,
2000
Applied Food
Biotechnology, Inc.
(O'Fallon, MO)
October
27, 1998
Aquapharm BioDiscovery Ltd.
(Oban, GB)
January
29, 2013
Zeaxanthin produced by bacteria
8,361,743
Biological production of
zeaxanthin and carotenoid
biosynthesis control
Strain of Algibacter
which is capable of
producing significant
levels of carotenoids,
especially zeaxanthin at
high purity
8,030,022
Microorganism and
method for producing
carotenoid using it
Paracoccuss producing
zeaxanthin
Tosoh Corporation
(Shunan-shi, JP)
October 4,
2012
6,825,002
Process for producing
carotenoid pigments
Method to produce
higher levels of
zeaxanthin in E-396
strain
Nippon Mitsubishi
Oil Corporation
(Tokyo, JP)
November
30, 2004
5,935,808
Carotenoid-producing
bacterial species and
process for production of
carotenoids using same
Paracoccus strain DSM
11574 which produces
zeaxanthin
5,858,761
Bacteria for production of
carotenoids
Bacteria producing
zeaxanthin
Yissum Research and
Development
Company of the
Hebrew University of
(Jerusalem, IL)
Nippon Oil Company,
Ltd. (Tokyo, JP)
August 10,
1999
January
12, 1999
5,854,015
5,747,544
5,607,839
5,427,783
5,360,730
5,308,759
Method of making pure
3R-3'R stereoisomer of
zeaxanthin for human
ingestion
Method of using pure 3R3'R stereoisomer of
zeaxanthin to treat or
prevent retinal
degeneration in humans
Bacteria belonging to new
genus process for
production of carotenoids
using same
Zeaxanthin-containing
compositions produced by
Flavobacterium
multivorum
Zeaxanthin producing
strains of
Neospongiococcum
Excentricum
Production of zeaxanthin
and zeaxanthin-containing
compositions
Method to produce
zeaxanthin in
Flavobacterium
multivorum
Applied Food
Biotechnology, Inc.
(O'Fallon, MO)
December
29, 1998
Method to produce
zeaxanthin in
Flavobacterium
multivorum
Applied Food
Biotechnology, Inc.
(O'Fallon, MO)
May 5,
1998
Bacterium from a new
genus producing
zeaxanthin
Nippon Oil Company,
Ltd. (Tokyo, JP)
March 4,
1997
Flavobacterium
multivorum producing
zeaxanthin
Applied Food
Biotechnology, Inc.
(O'Fallon, MO)
June 27,
1995
Universal Foods
Corporation
(Milwaukee, WI)
November
1, 1994
Method to produce
zeaxanthin from
Neospongiococcum
excentricum
Flavobacterium
multivorum producing
zeaxanthin
3,951,743
Production of zeaxanthin
Production of
zeaxanthin from
Flavobacterium
3,951,742
Production of zeaxanthin
Production of
zeaxanthin from
Flavobacterium
Applied Food
Biotechnology, Inc.
(O'Fallon, MO)
Societe d'Assistance
Technique pour
Produits Nestle S.A.
(Lausanne, CH)
Societe d'Assistance
Technique pour
Produits Nestle S.A.
(Lausanne, CH)
May 3,
1994
April 20,
1976
April 20,
1976
Zeaxanthin produced by plants
7,575,766
6,784,351
Tagetes erecta with altered
carotenoid compositions
and ratios
Targetes erecta marigolds
with altered carotenoid
compositions and ratios
Tagetes erecta with
enhanced zeaxanthin
content
Tagetes erecta with
enhanced zeaxanthin
content
Ball Horticultural
Company (West
Chicago, unknown)
Ball Horticultural
Company (West
Chicago, unknown)
August 18,
2009
August 31,
2004
Method of extraction of zeaxanthin
8,481,769
Isolation and purification
of cartenoids from
marigold flowers
8,425,948
Process for isolation of
lutein and zeaxanthin
crystals from plant sources
7,875,751
Method for the purification
of carotenoids from plant
extracts and the products
so obtained
Process for isolation of
carotenoids crystals
comprising drying a
plant part to obtain a
meal and extracting the
meal with alcohol
Process for isolation of
carotenoids crystals
comprising drying a
plant part to obtain a
meal and extracting the
meal with alcohol
Method of purification
of zeaxanthin
Katra Phytochem
(India) Private
Limited (Bangalore,
IN)
July 9,
2013
Katra Phytochem
India Private Limited
(Bangalore District,
IN)
April 23,
2013
Allied Biotech
Corporation (TW)
January
25, 2011
7,812,198
Process for the
manufacture of a
composition containing at
least one xanthophyll
7,662,599
Isolation and purification
of carotenoids from
marigold flowers
7,253,294
Isolation of lutein from
alfalfa
7,173,145
Process for extraction and
purification of lutein,
zeaxanthin and rare
carotenoids from marigold
flowers and plants
7,109,361
Isolation of lutein from
alfalfa
6,863,914
6,329,557
6,262,284
5,648,564
Stable, aqueous dispersions
and stable, waterdispersible dry powders of
xanthophylls, and
production and use of the
same
Purification of
xanthophylls from
marigold extracts that
contain high levels of
chlorophylls
Process for extraction and
purification of lutein,
zeaxanthin and rare
carotenoids from marigold
flowers and plants
Process for the formation,
isolation and purification
of comestible xanthophyll
crystals from plants
Extraction method of
zeaxanthin from
marigold
OMNICA GmbH
(Hamburg, DE)
October
12, 2010
Katra Phytochem
Private Limited
(Bangalore, IN)
November
24, 2009
Nu-Tein Co., Inc. (St.
Paul, MN)
August 7,
2007
Process for extracting
and isolating carotenoid
esters from marigold
University of
Maryland, College
Park (College Park,
MD)
February
6, 2007
Isolation of lutein and
zeaxanthin from plant
material
Nu-Tein Co., Inc. (St.
Paul, MN)
Process for preparing a
table, aqueous
dispersion of
zeaxanthin
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
March 8,
2005
Method for industrially
production of
zeaxanthin
Prodemex, S.A. de
C.V. (Sinaloa, MX)
December
11, 2001
Process for extracting
and isolating carotenoid
esters from marigold
University of
Maryland, College
Park (College Park,
MD)
July 17,
2001
Process for forming,
isolating and purifying
xanthophyll crystals
from marigold
Kemin Industries, Inc.
(Des Moines, IA)
July 15,
1997
Isolation and
purification of
zeaxanthin from
marigold
Isolation of lutein and
zeaxanthin from plant
material
September
19, 2006
Zeaxanthin produced by chemical synthesis
8,222,458
8,093,436
7,485,738
Process or synthesis of
(3S)- and (3R)-3-hydroxybeta-ionone, and their
transformation to
zeaxanthin and betacryptoxanthin
Process for synthesis of
(3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin and
(3R,3'S;meso)-zeaxanthin
from (3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein
via (3R)-3',4'anhydrolutein
Method for preparing highcontent food-grade
zeaxanthin
Chemical synthesis of
zeaxanthin
University of
Maryland, College
Park (College Park,
MD)
July 17,
2012
Method to obtain
zeaxanthin
University of
Maryland, College
Park (College Park,
MD)
January
10, 2012
Preparation of
zeaxanthin from
chemical isomeration of
lutein
Zhejiang Medicine
Co., Ltd., XinChang
Pharmaceutical
Factory (XinChang
County, Shaoxing,
Zhejiang, CN)
February
3, 2009
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
7,378,558
Method for producing
carotenoids
Method to produce
zeaxanthin chemically
6,747,177
Process for the preparation
of meso-zeaxanthin
Method to produce
meso-zeaxanthin
6,743,954
Process for the preparation
of meso-zeaxanthin
Method to produce
meso-zeaxanthin
Lutein to zeaxanthin
isomerization process and
product
Preparation of zeaxanthin,
intermediates for this
preparation, and the
preparation thereof
Isomeration process to
obtain zeaxanthin from
lutein
*
April 23,
2002
Preparation of
zeaxanthin
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
August 15,
2000
Process for the
preparation of
zeaxanthin
Investigaciones
Quimicas y
Farmaceutics, S.A.
(Tarragona, ES)
December
7, 1999
Prodemex, S.A. DE
C.V. (MX)
October
26, 1999
Roche Vitamins Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
July 14,
1998
Production of an
intermediate to produce
zeaxanthin
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
July 7,
1998
Process to obtain a
product with a high
zeaxanthin content
Industrial Organica,
S.A. de C.V.
(Monterrey, MX)
June 4,
1996
Method to produce
zeaxanthin
Hoffmann-La Roche
Inc. (Nutley, NJ)
July 13,
1993
Method to produce
zeaxanthin
Hoffmann-La Roche
Inc. (Nutley, NJ)
August 28,
1990
Method to produce
zeaxanthin
Hoffmann-La Roche
Inc. (Nutley, NJ)
April 1,
1986
Method to produce
zeaxanthin
Hoffmann-La Roche
Inc. (Nutley, NJ)
September
20, 1983
Method to produce
zeaxanthin
Hoffmann-La Roche
Inc. (Nutley, NJ)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
May 8,
1979
6,376,722
6,103,940
5,998,678
5,973,211
5,780,693
5,777,173
5,523,494
5,227,507
4,952,716
4,579,973
4,405,417
4,153,615
3,954,804
Process for preparing
carotenoid pigments
Pigmenting efficiency of a
natural xanthophyll by
isomerization
Process for the
manufacturing of
zeaxanthin from lutein
Preparation of pure transand cis-4-Hydroxy-2,2,6trimethylcyclohexan-1-one
from isomeric mixtures
Process for the
isomerization of lutein
Ethynylcyclohexene
compounds and processes
for manufacture thereof
Ethynylcyclohexene
compounds
Process for the
manufacture of
cyclohexene derivatives
Process for the
manufacture of
cyclohexene derivatives
Method of producing
coloring agents
Production of high
molecular weight
unsaturated ketones
Method of isomerizing
lutein to yield
zeaxanthin
Process for the
conversion of lutein
into zeaxanthin
Method to produce
zeaxanthin
May 27,
2008
June 8,
2004
June 1,
2004
May 4,
1976
Patented enzymes or DNA sequences to produce zeaxanthin by organism transformation
7,745,170
7,288,387
7,232,679
Process for producing
carotenoid compound
Genes of strain DC413
encoding enzymes
involved in biosynthesis of
carotenoid compounds
Isoprenoid production
Process for producing
zeaxanthin
Gene cluster from
Panteoa stewartii to
produce carotenoids
Isolated
Nippon Oil
Corporation (Tokyo,
JP)
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
DSM IP Assets B.V.
June 29,
2010
October
30, 2007
June 19,
7,070,952
Genes encoding carotenoid
compounds
7,064,196
Genes encoding carotenoid
compounds
7,063,956
Fermentative carotenoid
production
7,041,471
Carotene hydroxylase and
method for producing
xanthophyll derivatives
6,989,257
Isoprenoid production
6,677,134
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,613,543
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,465,228
Levodione reductase
6,291,204
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,207,409
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,124,113
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,087,152
Fermentative carotenoid
production
5,684,238
5,589,581
5,429,939
Biosynthesis of zeaxanthin
and glycosylated
zeaxanthin in genetically
engineered hosts
DNA sequences useful for
the synthesis of
carotenoids
DNA sequences useful for
the synthesis of
carotenoids
* Assignee is not available
polynucleotides to
produce zeaxanthin
Carotenogenic genes
isolated from
Pectobacterium
crypripedii encoding
Carotenogenic genes
isolated from strain
DC260, a member of
the Enterobacteriaceae
family
Novel proteins from
microorganism E-396
to higher zeaxanthin
production
Enzymes to synthetize
zeaxanthin
Isolated
polynucleotides to
produce zeaxanthin
Novel proteins of
microorganism E-396
to produce zeaxanthin
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp.
R1534 to produce
zeaxanthin
Enzyme that produce
an intermediate for
zeaxanthin synthesis
Novel proteins of
microorganism E-396
to produce zeaxanthin
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp.
R1534 to produce
zeaxanthin
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp.
R1534 to produce
zeaxanthin
Novel proteins of
Flavobacterium sp.
R1534 to produce
zeaxanthin
DNA segments from
Erwinia herbicola to
produce zeaxanthin
DNA sequences for
zeaxanthin production
DNA sequences for
zeaxanthin production
(Heerlen, NL)
2007
E. I. du Pont Nemours
and Company
(Wilmington, DE)
July 4,
2006
E. I. du Pont Nemours
and Company
(Wilmington, DE)
June 20,
2006
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(Heerlen, NL)
June 20,
2006
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
May 9,
2006
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(Heerlen, NL)
January
24, 2006
Roche Vitamins, Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
January
13, 2004
Roche Vitamins, Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
September
2, 2003
Roche Vitamins, Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
October
15, 2002
Roche Vitamins, Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
September
18, 2001
Roche Vitamins, Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
March 27,
2001
Roche Vitamins, Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
September
26, 2000
Roche Vitamins, Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
July 11,
2000
Amoco Corporation
(Chicago, IL)
November
4, 1997
Kirin Beer Kabushiki
Kaisha (Tokyo-To,
JP)
Kirin Beer Kabushiki
Kaisha (Tokyo-To,
JP)
December
31, 1996
July 4,
1995
Supplementary table 6:
Patent
number
Title
Brief description
Assignee
Date of
issue
Occurente AS (Auli,
NO)
September
4, 2012
Nestec S. A.
(Vevey, CH)
October
11, 2011
Phares
Pharmaceutical
Research N.V. et al.
(Curacao, NL)
July 21,
2009
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(Te Heerlen, NL)
June 10,
2008
SunGene GmbH &
Co. KGaA (DE)
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(DE)
BASF Plant Science
GmbH (DE)
June 3,
2008
Nippon Mitsubishi
Oil Corporation
(Tokyo, JP)
November
30, 2004
Norsk Hydro ASA
(Oslo, NO)
October 7,
2003
AstaCarotene AB
(Gustavsberg, SE)
November
5, 2002
Archer-DanielsMidland Company
(Decatur, IL)
July 2,
2002
Astacarotene AB
(Gustavsberg, SE)
June 25,
2002
Astacarotene AB
(Gustavsberg, SE)
April 25,
2000
Applications of astaxanthin in feed
8,257,763
8,034,373
Process for manufacture
of feed for aquaculture
species
Methods and
compositions for reducing
oxidative stress in an
animal
7,563,935
Crystal forms of
astaxanthin
7,383,788
Enhanced feeding and
growth rates of aquatic
animals fed an
astaxanthin product
derived from marigold
extract
7,381,541
Methods for producing
animal feed preparations
with astaxanthincontaining plants or parts
of plants of the genus
Tagetes
6,825,002
Process for producing
carotenoid pigments
6,630,188
Stabilization of pigments
and polyunsaturated oils
6,475,547
Immunoglobulin-rich
milk, production and use
thereof
6,413,736
Astaxanthin overproducing strains of
Phaffia rhodozyma,
methods for their
cultivation, and their use
in animal feed
6,410,602
Method of increasing the
production and improving
the quality of semen
6,054,491
Agent for increasing the
production of/in breeding
and production mammals
Feed and a feed product
from proteins containing
astaxanthin as additive
Compositions containing
astaxanthin to reduce or
prevent oxidative stress in
animals
Mixtures of specific
crystal forms of
astaxanthin useful for fish
feed
Astaxanthin pigment
product obtained by semisynthesis from marigold
extract to enhance the
feeding and growth rates
of commercially cultivated
aquatic species
Use of astaxanthincontaining plants, parts of
plants or extracts from
Marigold for oral
administration to animals
Method for changing
production ratios of
carotenoid compounds in
microorganisms for
application in animal feed
a method for stabilizing
vegetable and animal oils
as well as pigment and
optimize the effect of the
pigment in feed for
salmons
Method of producing
immunoglobulin-rich milk
by administrating
astaxanthin to cows
Phaffia rhodozyma strains
with high astaxanthin
synthesis capacity to be
incorporated into animal
feeds
A methods of increasing
production and quality of
semen by administrating a
preparation containing
astaxanthin
A method of increasing
the production of/in
breeding and production
5,744,502
Method for increasing the
production of/in breeding
and production animals in
the poultry industry
4,505,936
Process for the utilization
of shellfish waste
5,959,138
Short chain diesters and
process for making the
same
mammals by astaxanthin
administration in feed
Administration of
astaxanthin in animal feed
to increase the production
in the poultry industry
Process for extraction
astaxanthin from the
chitinous shells and
proteinaceous tissues of
shellfish to provide
astaxanthin enriched
dietary food ingredient
Astaxanthin synthesis
from marigold extracts to
be used for the
pigmentation of broilers
and egg yolks
Astacarotene AB
(Gustavsberg, SE)
April 28,
1998
Louisiana State
University (Baton
Rouge, LA)
March 19,
1985
Industrial Organica
S.A. DE C.V. (Topo
Chico, Monterrey,
MX)
September
28, 1999
Applications of astaxanthin for humans (cosmetics, dietary supplements ...)
8,524,980
Composition and method
to alleviate joint pain
8,507,757
Composition and method
to alleviate joint pain
8,481,072
Composition and method
to alleviate joint pain
8,372,812
Phospholipid and protein
tablets
8,197,865
Methods and
compositions for
modulating hair growth
or regrowth
8,029,830
Composition and method
for promoting internal
health and external
appearance
7,838,050
Cytokine modulators and
related method of use
Krill oil and/or marine oil
in combination with other
active constituents,
including astaxanthin in an
oral dosage form to
alliviate joint paint
Krill oil and/or marine oil
in combination with other
active constituents,
including astaxanthin in an
oral dosage form to
alliviate joint paint
Krill oil and/or marine oil
in combination with other
active constituents,
including astaxanthin in
an oral dosage form to
alliviate joint paint
A new method for krill
meal production has been
developed using a two step
cooking process.
Compositions and
methods for modulating
hair growth or regrowth,
containing astaxanthin
Composition containing
astaxanthin to promote
DNA repair, reduce body
fat levels and increase lean
body mass and that
decrease wrinkle
appearance and/or
improvement in skin
surface
Composition including
astaxanthin to modulate
cytokines to regulate an
inflammatory or
U.S. Nutraceuticals,
LLC (Eustis, FL)
September
3, 2013
U.S. Nutraceuticals,
LLC (Eustis, FL)
August
13, 2013
U.S. Nutraceuticals,
LLC (Eustis, FL)
July 9,
2013
Aker Biomarine
ASA (Oslo, NO)
February
12, 2013
Access Business
Group International
LLC (Ada, MI)
June 12,
2012
Nuvocare Health
Services Inc.
(Toronto, Ontario,
CA)
October 4,
2011
Access Business
Group International
LLC (Ada, MI)
November
23, 2010
7,758,903
Cytokine modulators and
related methods of use
7,758,902
Cytokine modulators and
related methods of use
7,731,992
Method of inhibiting
aromatase with specific
dietary supplements
7,241,463
Methods for processing
crustacean material
7,078,040
Method of inhibiting the
expression of
inflammatory cytokines
and chemokines
7,001,611
Compositions
normalizing circadian
rhythm
6,923,967
Treatment of dyspepsia
6,863,914
Stable, aqueous
dispersions and stable,
water-dispersible dry
powders of xanthophylls,
and production and use of
the same
6,773,708
Use of xanthophylls,
astaxanthin e.g., for
immunomodulatory
response
Composition including
astaxanthin to modulate
cytokines to regulate an
inflammatory or
immunomodulatory
response
Composition including
astaxanthin to modulate
cytokines to regulate an
inflammatory or
immunomodulatory
response
A method of administering
to a subject a dietary
supplement composition
consisting of astaxanthin,
black cohosh, echinacea,
and phytosterols. The
enzyme aromatase plays a
role in the synthesis of
estrogen, which has a role
in the development of
cancers in women
Enzymatic treatment of
crustaceans with lipolytic
enzymes promotes the
extraction of astaxanthin
and cosmetic and
consumable products
produced therefrom
Medicament containing
astaxanthin for the
prophylactic and/or
therapeutic inhibition of
the express of
inflammatory cytokines
and chemokines for
animal or man
Composition containing
astaxanthin and/or its ester
as an active ingredient to
normalize circadian
rhythm
Astaxanthin containing
medicament for
prophylactic and/or
therapeutic treatment of
dyspepsia
A process for preparing a
stable, aqueous dispersion
or a stable waterdispersible dry powder of
xanthophylls and human
foods, pharmaceuticals
and/or animal feed
containing such dry
powders
Production of a
medicament for
Access Business
Group International
LLC (Ada, MI)
July 20,
2010
Access Business
Group International
LLC (Ada, MI)
July 20,
2010
Triarco Industries,
Inc. (Wayne, NJ)
June 8,
2010
Novozymes A/S
(Bagsvaerd, DK)
July 10,
2007
Fuji Chemical
Industry Co., Ltd.
(Toyama-Pref, JP)
July 18,
2006
Suntory Limited
(Osaka, JP)
February
21, 2006
Astacarotene AB
(Gustavsberg, SE)
August 2,
2005
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
March 8,
2005
AstaReal AB
(Gustavsberg, SE)
August
10, 2004
treatment of autoimmune
diseases, chronic viral
and intracellular bacterial
infections
6,433,025
Method for retarding and
preventing sunburn by
UV light
6,344,214
Method for retarding and
ameliorating fever blisters
and canker sores
6,335,015
Method of the
prophylactic treatment of
mastitis
6,277,417
Method of inhibiting
5.alpha.-reductase with
astaxanthin
6,265,450
Anti-stress composition
6,262,316
Oral preparation for the
prophylactic and
therapeutic treatment of
Helicobacter sp. infection
6,258,855
Method of retarding and
ameliorating carpal tunnel
syndrome
6,245,818
Medicament for
improvement of duration
of muscle function or
treatment of muscle
disorders or diseases
5,527,533
Method of retarding and
ameliorating central
nervous system and eye
damage
suppression of excessive
Th1 cell mediated immune
responses and stimulation
of Th2 cell mediated
immune responses
Administration a source of
astaxanthin in a
therapeutically effective
amount to prevent and
retard sunburns
Administration of
astaxanthin orally or
topically to retard and
ameliorate fever blisters
and canker sores
Administration of a
prophylactically effective
dosage of a human or
veterinary medicament
containing astaxanthin to
prevent mastitis
Method to inhibit the
activity of 5.alpha.reductase in humans by
administration of a
composition containing
astaxanthin useful to
prevent and treat benign
prostate hyperplasia and
prostate cancer in human
males
An anti-stress composition
having for its active
ingredient astaxanthin
and/or its ester
Oral preparation
containing astaxanthin for
the prophylactic and/or
therapeutic treatment of
inflammation in the
mucous of mammalian
gastrointestinal tract
caused by Helicobacter sp
Administering a source of
astaxanthin in a
therapeutically effective
amount to prevent, retard
and ameliorate carpal
tunnel syndrome and
tenosynovitis
Preparation containing
astaxanthin to improve the
duration of muscle
function and/or treat
mammalian muscle
disorders or diseases
Administration of
astaxanthin to prevent,
retard or treat eye and
central nervous system
diseases or injuries
Cyanotech
Corporation (KailuKona, HI)
August
13, 2002
Cyanotech
Corporation
(Kailua-Kona, HI)
February ,
2002
Astacarotene AB
(Gustavsberg, SE)
January 1,
2002
Triarco Industries,
Inc. (Wayne, NJ)
August
21, 2001
Itano Refrigerated
Food Co., Ltd.
(Tokushima, JP)
July 24,
2001
Astacarotene AB
(Gustavsberg, SE)
July 17,
2001
Cyanotech
Corporation
(Kailua-Kona, HI)
July 10,
2001
Astacarotene AB
(Gustavsberg, SE)
June 12,
2001
Board of Trustees of
the University of
Illinois (Urbana, IL)
June 18,
1996
Astaxanthin produced by algae
Methods of generating
microorganisms producing
high yields of carotenoids,
in particular astaxanthin
Cognis IP
Management GmbH
(Duesseldorf, DE)
March 26,
2013
Purification method of
free-astaxanthin from
Haematococcus pluvialis
Sungkyunkwan
University
(Gyeonggi-Do, KR)
August
31, 2010
Astaxanthin production
from Chlorella
zoofingiensis
The University of
Hong Kong (Hong
Kong, HK)
June 20,
2006
Stable astaxanthincontaining powdery
composition from
Haematococcus alga
Fuji Chemical
Industry Co., Ltd.
(Toyoma, JP)
June 20,
2006
process for cultivating
Haematococcus for the
large scale production of
astaxanthin-enriched
Haematococcus cell
Ben-Gurion
University of the
Negev Research and
Development
Authority (BeerSheva, IL)
February
8, 2000
Peptide having a .beta.-C4-oxygenase activity to
biotechnologically
produce astaxanthin
Yissum Research
and Development
Company of the
Hebrew University
of (Jerusalem, IL)
October
12, 1999
Peptide having a .beta.-C4-oxygenase activity to
biotechnologically
produce astaxanthin
*
June 29,
1999
5,882,849
Method of control of
Haematococcus spp,
growth process
A control method of
growth stages of
Haematococcus spp. and
its photoadaptive stages of
producing astaxanthin
Aquasearch, Inc.
(Kailua-Kona, HI)
March 16,
1999
5,739,006
Process of feeding
juvenile fish with
astaxanthin-containing
zooplankton
Culture of Brachionus
pricatilis zooplankton
producing astaxanthin
Kyowa Hakko
Kogyo Co., Ltd.
(Tokyo, JP)
April 14,
1998
8,404,468
7,785,823
7,063,957
7,064,101
6,022,701
5,965,795
5,916,791
Efficient astaxanthin
production strains derived
from Haematococcus
pluvialis
Method for selective
separation of freeastaxanthin from green
algae Haematococcus
pluvialis
Methods for production
of astaxanthin from the
green microalgae
Chlorella in darkheterotrophic cultures
Stable astaxanthincontaining powdery
compositions and process
for producing the same
Procedure for large-scale
production of astaxanthin
from Haematococcus
Polynucleotide molecule
from Haematococcus
pluvialis encoding a
polypeptide having a
beta-C-4-oxygenase
activity for
biotechnological
production of (3S, 3'S)
astaxanthin and its
specific expression in
chromoplasts of higher
plants
Polynucleotide molecule
from Haematococcus
pluvialis encoding a
polypeptide having a
.beta.--C--4--oxygenase
activity for
biotechnological
production of (3S,3S)
astaxanthin
Astaxanthin produced by bacteria
8,221,997
Microorganism and
method for producing
carotenoid using the same
Paracoccus bacteria
capable of producing a
large amount of
carotenoids, mainly
astaxanthin
7,232,666
Optimized bacterial host
strains of Methylomonas
sp. 16a
Optimized Methylomonas
strains for the production
of astaxanthin
5,935,808
Carotenoid-producing
bacterial species and
process for production of
carotenoids using same
Paracoccus species type
strain DSM 11574 which
produces astaxanthin
5,858,761
Bacteria for production of
carotenoids
Bacterium belonging to a
new genus which can
produce astaxanthin in an
industrial scale
Nippon Oil
Company, Ltd.
(Tokyo, JP)
January
12, 1999
5,607,839
Bacteria belonging to
new genus process for
production of carotenoids
using same
Bacterium belonging to a
new genus which produces
astaxanthin
Nippon Oil
Company, Ltd.
(Tokyo, JP)
March 4,
1997
Tosoh Corporation
(Shunan-shi, JP)
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
Yissum Research
and Development
Company of the
Hebrew University
of (Jerusalem, IL)
July 17,
2012
June 19,
2007
August
10, 1999
Astaxanthin produced by fungi
7,723,066
7,432,076
Processes for in vivo
production of astaxanthin
and Phaffia rhodozyma
yeast of enhanced
astaxanthin content
Astaxanthin production
using fed-batch
fermentation process by
Phaffia rhodozyma
7,374,908
Microorganism and
production of carotinoid
compounds thereby
7,291,749
Method for producing
esterified astaxanthin
from esterified zeaxanthin
6,783,951
Process for production of
carotenoids, xanthophylls
and apo-carotenoids
utilizing eukaryotic
microorganisms
6,291,204
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,015,684
Astaxanthin overproducing strains of
Phaffia rhodozyma
method for their
cultivation and their use
Process for enhance
production of astaxanthin
of Phaffia yeast
Fermentation method of
astaxanthin using Phaffia
rhodozyma
Thraustochytrium sp.
CHN-3 (FERM P-18556)
capable of producing
astaxanthin and
canthaxanthin
Method for producing
esterified astaxanthin from
zeaxanthin suitable for
salmon feed
Method for produce an
effective amount of
xanthophylls from
Thraustochytriales
Proteins of microorganism
E-396 (FERM BP-4283)
to improve biosynthetic
pathway from farnesyl
pyrophosphate and
isopentyl pyrophosphate to
various carotenoids
Phaffia rhodozyma strains
with high astaxanthin
capacity of synthesis to be
incorporated into animal
feeds
Igene
Biotechnology, Inc.
(Columbia, MD)
May 25,
2010
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(TE Heerlen, NL)
October 7,
2008
National Institute of
Advanced Industrial
Science and
Technology (Tokyo,
JP)
May 20,
2008
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(Te Heerlen, NL)
November
6, 2007
*
August
31, 2004
Roche Vitamins Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
Archer-DanielsMidland Company
(Decatur, IL)
September
18, 2001
January
18, 2000
5,922,560
5,879,927
5,712,110
5,709,856
5,679,567
5,648,261
5,356,809
in animal feeds
Astaxanthin overproducing strains of
Phaffia rhodozyma,
methods for their
cultivation, and their use
in animal feeds
Strains of Phaffia
rhodozyma containing
high levels of astaxanthin
and low levels of 3hydroxy-3', 4'-didehydro.beta., .psi.-caroten-4-one
(HDCO)
Astaxanthin-producing
yeast cells methods for
their preparation and their
use
Astaxanthin-producing
yeast cells methods for
their preparation and their
use
Astaxanthin-producing
yeast cells, methods for
their preparation and their
use
Strains of Phaffia
rhodozyma containing
high levels of astaxanthin
and low levels of 3hydroxy-3',4'-didehydro.beta., .PSI.-caroten-4-one
(HDCO)
Processes for in vivo
production of astaxanthin
and Phaffia rhodozyma
yeast of enhanced
astaxanthin content
5,599,711
Astaxanthin-producing
yeast cells, methods for
their preparation and their
use
5,466,599
Astaxanthin overproducing strains of
Phaffia rhodozyma
5,356,810
5,356,809
5,182,208
Astaxanthin-producing
yeast cells, methods for
their preparation and their
use
Processes for in vivo
production of astaxanthin
and Phaffia rhodozyma
yeast of enhanced
astaxanthin content
Processes for in vivo
production of astaxanthin
and Phaffia rhodozyma
Phaffia rhodozyma strains
which produce high
amounts of astaxanthin to
be incorporated into
animal feeds
Archer Daniels
Midland Company
(Decatur, IL)
July 13,
1999
Phaffia rhodozyma strains
having increased levels of
astaxanthin
Gist-Brocades, B.V.
(Ma Delft, NL)
March 9,
1999
Gist-brocades, B.V.
(NL)
January
27, 1998
Gist-brocades, B.V.
(NL)
January
20, 1998
Gist-brocades, B.V.
(NL)
October
21, 1997
Phaffia rhodozyma strains
having increased levels of
astaxanthin
Gist-brocades, N.V.
(Ma Delft, NL)
July 15,
1997
An economical process for
in vivo production of the
pigment astaxanthin by
Phaffia yeast
Igene
Biotechnology, Inc.
(Columbia, MD)
October
18, 1994
Gist-brocades, N.V.
(Ma Delft, NL)
February
4, 1997
Universal Foods
Corporation
(Milwaukee, WI)
November
14, 1995
Gist-brocades N.V.
(NL)
October
18, 1994
Igene
Biotechnology, Inc.
(Columbia, MD)
October
18, 1994
Igene
Biotechnology, Inc.
(Columbia, MD)
January
26, 1993
An isolated pure culture of
a strain of Phaffia
rhodozyma which
produces astaxanthin
An isolated pure culture of
a strain of Phaffia
rhodozyma which
produces astaxanthin
An isolated pure culture of
a strain of Phaffia
rhodozyma which
produces astaxanthin
Phaffia rhodozyma strain
which produces high
amount of astaxanthin to
be incorporated into
animal feeds
Phaffia rhodozyma strains
which produces high
amount of astaxanthin to
be incorporated into
animal feeds
Phaffia rhodozyma strains
which produces high
amount of astaxanthin
Phaffia rhodozyma strains
which produces high
amount of astaxanthin to
be incorporated into
animal feeds
Process for in vivo
production of astaxanthin
in Phaffia
yeast of enhanced
astaxanthin content
Astaxanthin produced by plants
7,595,171
Ketocarotenoids from
Adonis palaestina
5,453,565
Astaxanthin from flowers
of the genus Adonis
5,959,138
Short chain diesters and
process for making the
same
Method for the production
of Adonis palaestina
plants with increased
astaxanthin content
Novel strain of Adonis
aestivalis containing
astaxanthin
Astaxanthin synthesis
from marigold extracts to
be used for the
pigmentation of broilers
and egg yolks
Sinotrade
Technology Limited
(Hong Kong, CN)
September
29, 2009
Unilever Patent
Holdings B.V.
(Vlaardingen, DK)
September
26, 1995
Industrial Organica
S.A. DE C.V. (Topo
Chico, Monterrey,
MX)
September
28, 1999
Method of extraction of astaxanthin
8,383,178
Stabilisation of pigments
and polyunsaturated oils
and oil concentrates
A method for stabilizing
vegetable, marine and
single cell oils/oil
concentrates as well as
pigments like astaxanthin
and canthaxanthin with
regard to oxidation
Pronova Biopharma
Norge AS (Baerum,
NO)
February
26, 2013
Astaxanthin produced by chemical synthesis
8,492,579
Method for producing
astaxanthin
dimethyldisuccinate
7,247,752
Methods for the synthesis
of astaxanthin
6,376,717
Preparation of astaxanthin
6,372,946
Preparation of 4,4'diketo-.beta.-carotene
derivatives
5,654,488
Preparation of astaxanthin
5,455,362
5,210,186
Preparation of astaxanthin
novel intermediates
therefor and the
preparation thereof
Method for recovery and
separation of chitin,
proteins and astaxanthin
Improved method for
producing all-E
astaxanthin
dimethyldisuccinate
A method used for
synthesizing intermediates
for use in the synthesis of
carotenoids and carotenoid
analogs, and/or carotenoid
derivatives
A method for preparing
astaxanthin from
zeaxanthin
Chemical synthesis of
astaxanthin using
hypobromous acid
preparation of astaxanthin
by Wittig reaction
avoiding the use of
halohydrocarbons as
solvents
BASF SE (DE)
July 23,
2013
Cardax
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (Aiea, HI)
July 24,
2007
Prodemex, S.A. de
C.V. (Sinaloa, MX)
April 23,
2002
Prodemex, S.A. DE
C.V. (Los Mochis,
MX)
April 16,
2002
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
August 5,
1997
Synthesis of intermediates
to produce astaxanthin
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
October 3,
1995
Method for recover
astaxanthin from
crustacean tissues
*
May 11,
1993
5,097,063
4,585,885
4,245,109
and esters thereof
Hydroxycarbonyl
derivatives and process
for making the same
Cyclohexenone
derivatives and process
for making same
Process for producing
astaxanthin
Chemical preparation of
astaxanthin
NeuroSearch A/S
(Glostrup, DK)
March 17,
1992
Chemical preparation of
astaxanthin
Hoffmann-La Roche
Inc. (Nutley, NJ)
April 29,
1986
Chemical preparation of
astaxanthin
Hoffmann-La Roche
Inc. (Nutley, NJ)
January
13, 1981
Patented enzymes or DNA sequences to produce astaxanthin by organism transformation
Two sequences of a
nucleic acid isolated from
a cDNA library of the
flowering plant Adonis
aestivalis is disclosed
Beta.-ionone ring-4ketolase gene and/or
.beta.-ionone ring-3hydroxylase gene derived
from Brevundimonas sp.
strain SD-212 to transform
a microorganism or plant
and increase astaxanthin
production
8,373,023
Biochemical route to
astaxanthin
7,999,151
Method of producing
astaxanthin or metabolic
product thereof by using
carotenoid ketolase and
carotenoid hydroxylase
genes
7,422,873
Mutant carotenoid
ketolase
CrtW carotenoid ketolase
with improved activity
7,393,671
Mutant carotenoid
ketolases
Sphingomonas melonis
DC18 CrtW
7,351,564
SQS gene
7,288,395
ACC gene
Gene useful in a process to
increase the microbial
production of carotenoids
Gene useful in a process to
increase the microbial
production of carotenoids
University of
Maryland (College
Park, MD)
February
12, 2013
Kirin Holdings
Kabushiki Kaisha
(Tokyo, JP)
August
16, 2011
E.I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
E.I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wimington, DE)
September
9, 2008
July 1,
2008
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(Heerlen, NL)
April 1,
2008
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(TE Heerlen, NL)
October
30, 2007
Carotenoid ketolases
Novel CrtW carotenoid
ketolase
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
August 7,
2007
7,253,297
Astaxanthin esters
Formulation containing an
astaxanthin derivative with
higher heat stability for
use in a feed for aquatic
animals
DSM IP Assetts
B.V. (TE Heerlen,
NL)
August 7,
2007
7,074,604
Bioproduction of
astaxanthin using mutant
carotenoid ketolase and
carotenoid hydroxylase
genes
CrtO ketolase and a CrtZ
hydroxylase with
increased astaxanthin
synthesis activity
E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and
Company
(Wilmington, DE)
July 11,
2006
Astaxanthin synthase
Polypeptides having
astaxanthin synthase
activity, DNA fragments
coding for astaxanthin
synthase and recombinant
organisms
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(Heerlen, NL)
July 11,
2006
7,252,985
7,074,587
7,063,956
Fermentative carotenoid
production
7,041,854
Process for the
preparation of an
xanthophyll
7,041,471
6,903,245
Carotene hydroxylase and
method for producing
xanthophyll derivatives
Polynucleotide molecule
from Haematococcus
pluvialis encoding a
polypeptide having a
.sym.-C-4-oxigenase
activity for
biotechnological
production of (3S,3'S)
astaxanthin and its
specific expression in
chromoplasts of higher
plants
proteins of microorganism
E-396 (FERM BP-4283)
to improve biosynthetic
pathway from farnesyl
pyrophosphate and
isopentyl pyrophosphate to
various carotenoids
Synthesis of astaxanthin
by oxidation of lutein or
zeaxanthin in the presence
of hydrogen peroxide and
an iodine-containing
compound
Proteins which convert
canthaxanthin into
astaxanthin
Peptide having .beta.-C-4oxygenase activity to
biotechnologically
produce astaxanthin
Proteins of microorganism
E-396 (FERM BP-4283)
to improve biosynthetic
pathway from farnesyl
pyrophosphate and
isopentyl pyrophosphate to
various carotenoids
Genetic materials for the
preparation of astaxanthin
from Phaffia rhodozyma
6,677,134
Fermentative carotenoid
production
6,365,386
Astaxanthin synthase
6,218,599
Polynucleotide molecule
from Haematococcus
pluvialis encoding a
polypeptide having a
.beta.-C-4-oxygenase
activity for
biotechnological
production of (3S, 3'S)
astaxanthin and its
specific expression in
chromoplasts of higher
plants
Peptide having a .beta.-C4-oxygenase activity to
biotechnologically
produce astaxanthin
6,150,130
DNA strands useful for
the synthesis of
xanthophylls and the
process for producing the
xanthophylls
DNA strands useful for the
synthesis of xanthophylls
and the process for
producing the
xanthophylls
5,972,690
DNA strands useful for
the synthesis of
xanthophylls and the
process for producing the
DNA strands useful for the
synthesis of xanthophylls
and the process for
producing the
DSM IP Assets B.V.
(Heerlen, NL)
June 20,
2006
Adisseo France
S.A.S. (Antony, FR)
May 9,
2006
BASF
Aktiengesellschaft
(Ludwigshafen, DE)
May 9,
2006
Yissum Research
Development
Company of The
Hebrew University
of Jerusalem
(Jerusalem, IL)
June 7,
2005
Roche Vitamins,
Inc. (Parsippany,
NJ)
January
13, 2004
Roche Vitamins Inc.
(Parsippany, NJ)
April 2,
2002
Yissum Research
and Development
Company of the
Hebrew University
of Jerusalem
(Jerusalem, IL)
April 17,
2001
Kirin Beer
Kabushiki Kaisha
(Tokyo-to, JP)
Marine
Biotechnology
Institute Co., Ltd.
(Tokyo-to, JP)
Kirin Beer
Kabushiki Kaisha
(Tokyo-to, JP)
Marine
November
21, 2000
October
26, 1999
5,972,642
5,910,433
5,811,273
xanthophylls
xanthophylls
Astaxanthin-producing
yeast cells, methods for
their preparation and their
use
Keto group-introducing
enzyme, DNA coding
therefor and method for
producing
ketocarotenoids
Pure culture of a strain of
Phaffia rhodozyma which
produces large amounts of
astaxanthin
DSM N.V. (NL)
October
26, 1999
DNA sequences that
encode genes for
synthesizing astaxanthin
Kirin Beer
Kabushiki Kaisha
(Tokyo, JP)
June 8,
1999
DNA strands useful for
the synthesis of
xanthophylls and the
process for producing the
xanthophylls
DNA strands useful for the
synthesis of xanthophylls
and the process for
producing the
xanthophylls
Kirin Beer
Kabushiki Kaisha
(Tokyo-To, JP)
Marine
Biotechnology
Institute Co., Ltd,
(Tokyo-To, JP)
September
22, 1998
* Assignee is not available
Biotechnology
Institute Co., Ltd
(Tokyo-to, JP)
Supplementary table 7:
Crop
Method
1
Portion
required to
achieve mostly
used
commercial
dosage
Carotenoid
level
Percentage (%)
mostly used
commercial
dosage
provided by
100g
Reference
51 %
Paine et al.
2005
158%
Shewmaker et
al. 1999
β-Carotene2
Rice (Oryza
sativa)
GE
31 μg/g DW βcarotene
Canola
(Brassica
napus)
GE
949 μg/g FW βcarotene
Tomato
(Lycopersicon
esculentum)
GE
205 μg/g FW βcarotene
29.2 g
341%
D’Ambrosio
et al. 2004
Plant Sci.
CB
13.6 μg/g DW
β-carotene
441g
22.6%
Harjes et al.
2008
GE
59.32 μg/g DW
β-carotene
101 g
98.8%
Naqvi et al.
2009
M
79.85 μg/g FW
β-carotene
75 g
125%
Jaswir et al.
2011
153 g
65%
Jayaraj et al.
2008
69.44/g DW βcarotene
86.4 g
115%
GE
112μg/g DW βcarotene
53.6g
186%
M
44.89 μg/g FW
β-carotene
133.6g
75%
Jaswir et al.
2011
Maize (Zea
Mays)
GE
Spinach
(Spinacia
oleracea)
6.3 g
39 μg/g FW βcarotene
Carrot (Daucus
carota)
Soybean
(Glycine max)
193 g
CB
(Assuming
water content
87%)
Kim et al.
2012
Lycopene3
Tomato
CB
169μg/g FW
lycopene
118 g
84 %
Frusciante et
al. 2007
GE
313.2 μg/g FW
lycopene
63.9 g
156%
Fraser et al.
2002
M
43.75 μg/g FW
lycopene
137 g
73%
Jaswir et al.
2011
Watermelon
(Citrullus
lanatus)
M
47.5 μg/g FW
lycopene
126 g
79%
Jaswir et al.
2011
Lutein4
Canola
GE
76.22 μg/g FW
lutein
78.7g
127%
Yu et al. 2008
CB
25.24 μg/g DW
lutein
(assuming
water content
75%)
237g
42%
Fanning et al.
2010
GE
23.41 μg/g DW
lutein
256g
39%
Naqvi et al.
2011
M
62.65 μg/g FW
lutein
95.7 g
104%
Jaswir et al.
2011
Maize
Spinach
Zeaxanthin5
CB
47.7 μg/g DW
zeaxanthin
(assuming
water content
of 75%)
83.8g
119%
Fanning et al.
2010
GE
56.49 μg/g DW
zeaxanthin
70.8g
141%
Naqvi et al.
2011
GE
15.2 μg/g FW
zeaxanthin
263g
38%
Gerjets and
Sandmann
2006
Maize
Potato
(Solanum
tuberosum)
Astaxanthin6
1
Carrot
GE
91.6 μg/g FW
astaxanthin
21.8g
458%
Jayaraj et al.
2009
Potato
GE
13.9 μg/g DW
astaxanthin
143g
69.5%
Morris et al.
2006
Maize
GE
4.26 μg/g DW
astaxanthin
469g
21%
Zhu et al.
2008
Tomato
GE
16,104.7 μg/g
DW
astaxanthin
0.12g
80523%
Huang et al.
2013
Method; conventional breeding (CB), genetic engineering (GE) or on the market (M).
Commercial dosage of β-carotene is 6-15mg/day. Calculations are made considering 6mg/day.
3
Commercial dosage of lycopene is 10-40mg/day. Calculations are made considering 20mg/day.
4
Commercial dosage of lutein is 5-20mg/day. Calculations are made considering 6mg/day.
5
Commercial dosage of zeaxanthin is 1-10mg/day. Calculations are made considering 4mg/day.
6
Commercial dosage of astaxanthin is 2-4mg/day. Calculations are made considering 2mg/day.
2
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