Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1
A1After washing your jeans, you decide to hang them up on a clothesline to dry. Explain HOW they will dry using phase changes of water.
Possible student explanation:
The water molecules start in the liquid state/phase . They can move freely and touch each other. When the jeans are hung outside, the water molecules absorb thermal/heat energy from the sun . As each water molecule gains more energy , it escapes and goes flying off the jeans into the surrounding air. Now the molecules are in the air in the gas phase/state . This process is called evaporation .
liquid + energy gas
A2You have been swimming all afternoon. You get out of the pool and dry off with your towel.
Explain HOW your towel will eventually dry using phase changes of water.
Possible student explanation:
The water molecules start in the liquid state/phase on the towel. They can move freely and touch each other. When the wet towel is left outside, the water molecules absorb thermal/heat energy from the sun . As each water molecule gains more energy , it escapes and goes flying off the towel into the surrounding air. Now the molecules are in the air in the gas phase/state as the towel dries off. This process is called evaporation.
liquid + energy gas
Since the jeans are wet, they contain water in the liquid phase . The water molecules are touching, but not tightly packed . They are able to move around and soak the jeans.
When you hang them outside, the water molecules gain energy from the sun.
This thermal energy is absorbed by the water molecules so that they can change phase. When each molecule has absorbed enough energy to move apart from other molecules , it will change into the gas phase . In the gas phase, molecules move with high energy and leave the jeans.
They go flying off the jeans into the air. This is how the jeans dry. This process is called evaporation .
When you dried off with the towel, you added water to the towel. Now the towel is wet with water in the liquid phase . The water molecules are touching, but not tightly packed . They are able to move around and soak the towel.
When you leave the towel in the sun , the water molecules gain energy.
This thermal energy, absorbed by the water molecules, helps them change phase. When each molecule has absorbed enough energy to move apart from other molecules , it will change into the gas phase . In the gas phase, molecules move with high energy and leave the towel.
They go flying off into the air. This is how the towel dries. This process is called evaporation.
C Penrod SLCSD 2015

Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1
B1On a hot, summer day you take a cold soda can out of the fridge. You set it on the counter and make yourself a sandwich to go with it. When you pick up your cold soda, the outside of the can is wet. Explain HOW the outside of the can got wet using phase changes or water.
Possible student explanation:
The water molecules start in the gas state/phase in the air as water vapor. When the water vapor molecules hit the cold can , their energy is transferred to the can. As each water molecule losses energy , it changes from a gas to a liquid, or condenses, and collects on the outside of the can. This processes is called condensation.
gas - energy liquid
B2After a hot, steamy shower your bathroom mirror is fogged over. Explain HOW your mirror got fogged over using phase changes of water.
Possible student explanation:
The water molecules start in the gas state/phase in the air as water vapor from the steamy shower. When the water vapor molecules hit the cold mirror , their energy is transferred to the mirror. As each water molecule losses energy , it changes from a gas to a liquid, or condenses , on the surface of the mirror.
The water collects on the mirror and the mirror gets wet. This processes is called condensation.
gas - energy liquid
C Penrod SLCSD 2015
When you take a soda can out of the fridge, the can and the liquid inside the soda can are cold . The air surrounding the can is warmer and contains water vapor . This water vapor is in the gas phase , moving quickly and is invisible. When the water vapor molecules randomly hit the soda can, the heat in the gas molecules is absorbed into the can . Since the vapor molecules loose energy , they slow down and change into a liquid . As more and more water vapor molecules hit the outside of the can, they also loose energy and change phase. Over time, they form drops of water on the can until the can is wet on the outside.
This process is called condensation.
When you take a steamy shower, water vapor fills the air.
This water vapor is in the gas phase , moving quickly and is invisible. When the water vapor molecules randomly hit the cold mirror, the heat in the gas molecules is absorbed into the cold mirror . Since the vapor molecules loose energy , they slow down and change into a liquid . As more and more water vapor molecules hit the cold mirror, they also loose energy , change phase and condense . Over time, they form drops of water on the mirror until the mirror is covered in water droplets. This process is called condensation .

Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1
C1During the winter, you notice that there is a layer of ice on your favorite fishing pond.
Explain HOW the ice formed on the pond using phase changes of water.
C2You want some ice for your drink. When you open the freezer, you notice that you are out of ice! Then you notice an empty ice tray. You fill it with water. Explain HOW ice is made using phase changes of water.
liquid - energy solid
liquid - energy solid
C Penrod SLCSD 2015

Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1
D1One snowy winter day, you go outside and build a snowman.
The next day, the sun comes out and your snowman disappears.
Explain HOW your snowman disappeared using the phases of water.
liquid + energy gas
D2You are eating a bowl of delicious ice cream. Your phone rings and you take the call, talking for 20 minutes. When you pick up your bowl, there is liquid goop in your bowl. Explain
HOW your ice cream changed into liquid goop using the phases of matter.
liquid + energy gas
Investigation: Would You Like your Tea Hot or Cold?
Name __________________________________Lab Role ___________________
Objective: Students will observe and explain how temperature affects the movement of particles in a liquid
Materials:
2 500 ml beakers (or clear cups) water (get it from your sink) ice
2 tea bags food coloring
stopwatch or clock
C Penrod SLCSD 2015

Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1 thermometer colored pencils microwave or electric kettle (hot water)
WARNING: Water will be hot! Follow directions!
Procedure:
1. Put on safety glasses.
2.
Fill one beaker with 400 mL or a cup ¾ full of ice water.
3.
Fill another beaker with 400 mL or a cup ¾ full of hot water.
4.
Record the temperature of each beaker or cup on your data table.
5.
Open your tea bags.
6.
Get your timer ready.
7.
Drop a teabag into each beaker or cup. Never stir!!!!
8. Observe the beakers or cup for one minute. Draw what you observe using colored pencils. Keep timer going.
9. At three minutes, record observations again using colored pencils.
10. Stop at 5 minutes. Record observations again and sketch each beaker/cup and what the liquid looks like. Use colored pencils.
11. After sketches are complete, carefully dump your beakers/cups and tea bags into bucket. Now, start over at #2 using food coloring instead of tea. Follow directions again.
12. All supplies must be returned at the end of the investigation. Area must be cleaned and checked by teacher.
Data: Record Observations
Observations for Teabags
C Penrod SLCSD 2015

Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1
Water
Temperature
1 minute
HOT
COLD
3 minutes
Observations for Food Coloring
1 minute 3 minutes Water
Temperature
HOT
5 minutes
5 minutes
COLD
Conclusion: Words to use: fast, slow, rate, particles, hot, cold, temperature
1. How does a cold temperature affect the movement of particles in a liquid?
2. How does a hot temperature affect the movement of particles in a liquid?
3. Construct a 4-5 sentence explanation of how temperature effects the movement of particles in a liquid.
C Penrod SLCSD 2015

Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1
Explain what happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change.
. How does a particle of water change from a
liquid to a solid? Name this process.
Describe what must happen to a particle of water so that it can change from a liquid to a gas.
Name this process.
. How does a particle of water change from a gas to a liquid? Name this process.
Quiz: Three States of Matter
Name ______________________________ Period ______
C Penrod SLCSD 2015

Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1
State 2 Facts
(shape and volume)
Three
Examples
Molecular Structure
Drawing
Kinetic Theory and the States of Matter
Put the letter that corresponds with the correct answer.
S= solid L=liquid G=gas
1.
_____ the motion of one particle is unaffected by the motion of other particles unless particles collide
2.
_____ particles vibrate around a fixed location
3.
_____ attractions between particles do affect movement of particles
4.
_____ these particles behave like students moving through a crowed hallway.
5.
_____ example can be observed by watching 2 Helium atoms in a container
6.
_____ these particles behave like an audience seated in a movie theater
7.
Kinetic Theory of ______explains why tires can be inflated
8.
Behavior of _______explains why mercury can be poured at room temperature
th
C Penrod SLCSD 2015

Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1
A1You wash your jeans and decide to hang them up on a clothesline to dry. Explain how your jeans dry will out.
Name this process
A2You have been swimming all afternoon. When you dry off with your towel, it gets all wet!
Explain how your towel can dry out after being wet.
Name this process.
B1On a hot, summer day you buy a cold can of soda. You notice that the outside of the can gets wet. Explain HOW the outside of the can got wet.
Name this process.
B2After a hot, steamy shower your bathroom mirror is fogged over. Explain why your mirror gets fogged up.
Name this process.
C Penrod SLCSD 2015

Grade 4 Science Standard 1 Objective 1
C1During the winter, you notice that there is a layer of ice on your favorite fishing pond.
Explain where this ice came from.
Name this process.
C2 When you open the freezer, you notice that you are out of ice! Then you notice an empty ice tray. You fill it with water.
Explain HOW ice is made from water.
Name this process.
D1One snowy winter day, you build a snowman. The next day, your snowman disappears.
Explain what happened to your snowman.
Name this process
D2You are eating a bowl of delicious ice cream. Then, your phone rings and you talk for 20 minutes. When you pick up your bowl again, there is liquid goop in your bowl. Explain what happened to your ice cream.
C Penrod SLCSD 2015