Article-based Electronic Thesis and Dissertations
Revised January 30, 2009
1
Article-based theses and dissertations
Students writing an article-based theses or dissertation can use the general MSWord
template as long as both the introductory and final chapters have their own
footnotes/endnotes and/or list of references.
In April 2005, the Executive Committee of the School of Graduate Studies approved the
following recommendations on Articles-format Theses/Dissertations.
Recommendations include:
that, there be no limitations on the number of articles required for either the Master’s thesis
or for the PhD dissertation;
that, in addition to the articles, the thesis/dissertation contains an introductory chapter that
establishes the student’s familiarity with the field, sets out the objectives of the
thesis/dissertation, places the research in the larger context of the candidate’s discipline, and
explains the overall thematic cohesiveness of the articles. This chapter should identify
research patterns in the area, reviewing previous publications and current research. It should
also include a detailed analysis of how the articles included in the text address the
question/topic being studied, and how the articles each contribute to the study. Any errata
or discussion of the articles can be included in the introductory chapter, the concluding
chapter, or in a footnote/endnote in the dissertation;
that the articles format of the thesis/dissertation conform to the School of Graduate Studies’
Regulations and Guidelines for the Preparation and Submission of Graduate Reports,
Theses, and Dissertations (available in paper and on the SGS website);
that the thesis/dissertation normally contain a final chapter (general discussion and
conclusions) that should relate the articles to the relevant disciplines or field of study. It
might also set out recommendations for future research or contain implications for
professional practice;
that both the introductory and final chapters have their own footnotes/endnotes and/or list
of references;
that there be no requirement to publish the articles, or to have submitted the articles for
publication, prior to the SGS oral defense.
that, as outlined in the SGS Regulations and Guidelines for the Preparation and Submission
of Graduate Reports, Theses, and Dissertations, candidates should indicate the name(s) of
journals in which articles have been published or to which the articles will be submitted in
the future.
that the student in multiple-authored article(s) be the principal author or co-author. The
student must provide a clear statement in the introduction describing the contribution made
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by him or her in each of the research and writing stages. The statement on co-authorship
should specifically address contributions made in i) identification and design of the research
proposal, ii) practical aspects of the research, iii) data analysis, and iv) manuscript
preparation. In the case of joint authorship, an explanatory part of the thesis/dissertation
text must outline the nature of the candidate’s contribution to each publication included in
the thesis/dissertation;
that such thesis/dissertation should be based on research that the student has conducted
while enrolled as a graduate student at UNB;
that the decision on the number and quality of articles be the responsibility of the
Supervisory Committee.
that the thesis/dissertation must meet internal GAU requirements prior to being sent to the
Examining Board;
that in the event an article has appeared (or will appear) in a journal where the supervisor
serves as editor or is active on the editorial board, the Completion of GAU Requirements
for Degree form should indicate that s/he has not been involved in the review process; and
that the student demonstrate that he or she has the right to include a published article in the
thesis/dissertation. For articles that have been published, students should include a letter of
permission from the journal in the appendix of the thesis/dissertation.
Approved by the Executive Committee of the School of Graduate Studies, April 14, 2005.
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Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Article-based theses and dissertations .................................................2
Introduction ..........................................................................................5
Where to get the template and how to save it to your computer.........5
Paying attention to MSWord template styles.......................................5
4.1
Changing styles ....................................................................................................................... 8
Cutting and pasting into the template ............................................... 12
Moving through your thesis using the template ................................ 13
6.1
Frontispiece .......................................................................................................................... 13
6.2
Dedication ............................................................................................................................ 13
6.3
Title page ............................................................................................................................. 13
6.4
Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 14
6.5
Chapter titles and text .......................................................................................................... 14
6.5.1 Margins ......................................................................................................................... 14
6.5.2 Line Spacing ................................................................................................................. 15
6.5.3 Page Numbers.............................................................................................................. 15
6.5.4 Insert new chapters and sections .............................................................................. 16
6.5.5 Pagination ..................................................................................................................... 17
6.5.6 Adding outline numbering to chapters and sub sections ...................................... 20
6.5.7 Footnotes and Endnotes ............................................................................................ 20
6.6
Adding tables and other objects ............................................................................................. 21
6.6.1 AutoCaptions ............................................................................................................... 21
6.6.2 Tables ............................................................................................................................ 22
6.6.3 Graphics........................................................................................................................ 22
6.6.4 Cross reference updates.............................................................................................. 22
6.6.5 Mathematical Equations ............................................................................................. 23
6.6.6 Object and caption text wrapping (grouping the object and the caption as one
whole object) ............................................................................................................................. 25
6.6.7 Deleting tables and figures ......................................................................................... 26
6.7
Code..................................................................................................................................... 26
6.8
Creating a table of contents ................................................................................................... 26
6.9
Lists..................................................................................................................................... 27
6.10 List of Tables and Figures .................................................................................................... 28
6.10.1
List of Figures.......................................................................................................... 28
6.10.2
List of Tables ........................................................................................................... 29
6.11 Bibliography ......................................................................................................................... 29
Scanning.............................................................................................. 30
Creating a PDF File ............................................................................ 30
8.1
8.2
8.3
Converting a WordPerfect document to PDF ......................................................................... 31
Converting a LaTeX document to PDF ............................................................................... 32
Converting other formats to PDF .......................................................................................... 33
10.1
10.2
Shortcut keys ........................................................................................................................ 33
Mouse shortcuts .................................................................................................................... 37
9 For more information ......................................................................... 33
10
Appendices ...................................................................................... 33
4
Introduction
The ETD template is an MSWord word processing template file designed to assist you in
formatting your thesis or dissertation.
The template is based on the UNB “Regulations and Guidelines for the Preparation and
submission of Graduate Theses and Reports” (see
http://www.unb.ca/gradschl/guidelines/documents/RegulationsGuidelinesforPreparationT
hesesDissertReports2005_000.pdf).
If used properly, the template will also enable the Electronic Text Centre at UNB Libraries
to convert your source file (i.e. MSWord) to an archival format (XML) for storage and
retrieval in a UNB online institutional repository:
http://quartet.cs.unb.ca:8080/dspace/handle/1882/38.
2
Where to get the template and how to save it to your computer
If you have not yet downloaded a template:
1. Go to the templates section of the UNB ETD web site:
http://www.unb.ca/gradschl/etd/templates.html
2. Save the unbtemplate.dot file to your hard drive
3. Save the file as a template file (*.dot).
4. Double-click the template file. It will start a new, untitled document in Microsoft
Word.
Mac users may have to save their template file in the following way:
1. With the template file on your screen, select Word from the menu bar and choose
Preferences
2. Within the Preferences window, choose Compatibility from the sidebar
3. Within the Compatibility window, choose MS Word 2000-2004 and X from the
Recommended Options drop down list.
3
Paying attention to MSWord template styles
On the title page, the template contains “placeholder” text that you can highlight and replace
with your own information. You are free to add or erase some of the content to satisfy
requirements for your individual faculty or department.
Please pay attention to style matching. Styles will later be converted to XML elements by the
Electronic Text Centre staff. For example, if you have entered your name in the “name of
candidate” area, your name has to have the “Author” style. After XML conversion, the style
will be changed to <author> your name </author>. The tag <author>, in this example,
5
matches the content “your name”. The “Author” style should not be used in any other lines,
including empty spaces if the contents are not related to “Author”.
To see the style match, highlight the text, and then check the Style box on the Formatting
toolbar (see Figure 1).
Figure 1
If you have cut and pasted your work from another file format into MSWord, formatting
styles might have been changed. Please check the following styles to make sure styles and
content match:
Style Name
Description
Abbreviation
Use for “List of Symbols, Nomenclature or Abbreviations” title
Abstract
Use for “ABSTRACT” title, the style of the paragraphs in the abstract
is Normal
Acknowledg
Use for “ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS” title, the style of the
paragraphs in the acknowledgements part is Normal
Appendix
Use for “Appendix” title
Author
Use for student’s name in title page
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Bibliography
Use for “Bibliography” title, use RefWorks to generate body of
bibliography
Code
Use for code examples
Copyright
Use for “Name of Candidate, Year (of graduation)” in title page
Dedication
Use for “DEDICATION” title, the style of the paragraphs in the
dedication part is Normal
DegreeName
Use for degree name in title page
ExamBoard
Use for examining board information in title page
ExternalExam
Use for external examiner information in title page
FigureList
Use for “List of Figures” title
Frontispiece
Use for frontispiece or quote page
GAU
Use for graduate academic unit in title page
Glossary
Use for “Glossary” title
Heading 1
Use for chapter titles, the style of the paragraphs in the chapters is
normal
Heading 2
Use for second level chapter headings
Heading 3
Use for third level chapter headings
Normal
Use for typical paragraphs of text.
PreDegree
Use for previous degree in title page
School
Use for “THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW BRUNSWICK” in title page
SubmitDate
Use for “Month, Year (of submission to Graduate School)” in title
page
Supervisor
Use for supervisor’s information in title page
TableList
Use for “List of Tables” title
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ThesisNote
Use for “A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF”
“This thesis is accepted”
“Dean of Graduate Studies”
in title page
ThesisSubtitle
Use for thesis subtitle in title page
ThesisTitle
Use for thesis title in title page
TOC
Use for “Table of Contents” title
Vita
Use for “Vita” title
3.1
Changing styles
You might want to use other styles available in MSWord. You might also want to change
the format of styles (e.g. font, size, etc), or add or delete spaces. On the Format menu, click
Style and Formatting to view and modify all styles. (See Figure 2 on the following page)
8
Figure 2
Alternatively, you can click on the Styles and Formatting icon next to the Styles box to
access Styles and Formatting.
9
Next, click Modify from the drop-down menu on the task pane:
Figure 3
10
Change the formatting of the feature you have selected. Check the Automatically Update
box if you want to apply the change to the entire document:
Figure 4
11
4
Cutting and pasting into the template
There are several ways to copy or cut and paste text from another document to the template.
However, the format and style in the template needs to be maintained. Follow one of the
methods described below if your resulting file does not have the intended format and style.
1. After you copy or cut and paste text to the template, notice the Paste Options icon
that appears just below your pasted selection after you paste text. When you click
the icon, a list appears. Select Maintain or Match Destination Format. This will
ensure that the pasted text will have the same format defined by the template.
Or
2. Do not copy or cut and paste text with the common Ctrl-V or the right click Paste.
Instead, use the Paste Special feature on the Edit menu. This tool is not available
for any Microsoft Word version earlier than 2003. (See Figure 5 on the following
page.).
Figure 5
For students who have started writing their thesis in WordPerfect, you can save your file as
“WordPerfect or rtf”, and then cut and paste the content into MSWord with the template.
12
5
Moving through your thesis using the template
All text within quotation marks is taken from the UNB “Regulations and Guidelines for the
Preparation and Submission of Graduate Theses and Reports”.
5.1
Frontispiece
The first template section you will see is Frontispiece. If your thesis has a frontispiece or
quote page facing the title page, insert it in the frontispiece placeholder. If not, delete the
frontispiece template segment.
5.2
Dedication
If your thesis has a dedication, write or copy and paste it into the Dedication in the grey
placeholder area.
5.3
Title page
Using the pace-holder areas, copy or key your title page information into the title page
section.
Figure 6
If there is a field you do not need (i.e. subtitle), it can be deleted. If you delete a field by
mistake, remember to use MSWord styles when you re-enter the information.
13
5.4
Abstract
Paste or type your abstract text into the abstract area.
5.5
Chapter titles and text
Paste or type chapter titles into the chapter title pace-holder areas then copy or type chapter
text into the text area. Working with the template is much the same as working in Word for
any other document you have created. Again, the point is to pay attention to styles, where
they are defined. All defined styles are identified in this manual.
5.5.1
Margins
The SGS Guidelines state: “There should be a margin of not less than 4 cm (1.5 inches) on
the left side of each sheet and of not less than 2.5 cm (1 inch) on the top, bottom and rightside margins. This refers to the illustrations as well as to the text, and to all other material
bound with the thesis”. The margins are pre-defined in the template. If you need to change
the margins, on the File menu click Page Setup and then click the Margins tab.
Figure 7
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5.5.2
Line Spacing
The SGS Guidelines state: “The text should be double-spaced (except for quotations of
more than one sentence, footnotes, tables and bibliography, all of which may be singlespaced)”. If you need to change line spacing, on the Format menu click Paragraph.
Figure 8
The template is designed to double-space your text except bibliographies and footnotes. You
will need to change the spacing for such elements as quotes.
5.5.3
Page Numbers
The SGS Guidelines state: “Small Roman numerals are used for the ‘preliminary pages’
(those preceding the text) with the numbers appearing at the center of the bottom of each
page. The title page is considered to be page ‘i’ but is unnumbered. Arabic numerals must
be used for all the remainder of the thesis pages except the vita (including text, tables, pagesize figures and illustrations, bibliography and appendices). The location of page numbers
must be consistent throughout the thesis, i.e. the top right hand corner”.
15
To change the page-numbering format, from the Insert menu click Page Numbers and
click the Format button.
Figure 9
Figure 10
5.5.4
Insert new chapters and sections
To get the desired page number format, you need to insert section breaks to define the
format accordingly. From the Insert menu, click Break and then check the Next page
from the section break types list. (See Figure 11 on the following page.)
16
Figure 11
5.5.5
Pagination
MSWord automatically removes page numbers throughout the document. To remove page
numbers for part of a document, divide the document into sections and break the
connection between them. To do this, click View, Header and Footer on the menu bar.
The Header and Footer toolbar will appear. Click Link to Previous once. Same as
Previous will disappear on the specified Footer or Header.
Figure 12
17
Figure 13
In order to keep your pagination consistent throughout your document when inserting
landscaped images, tables, or figures you must follow a specific set of guidelines.
Place your cursor on a blank line on the page before the landscaped image or table. You will
need to insert a Section Break here.
Note: Section breaks are rarely used in the ETD – they are only used when you need a page
numbering change or orientation change (e.g. from portrait to landscape).
With your cursor on the blank line, from the Insert menu, click Break. The Break dialog
will appear. (See Figure 14 on the following page.)
18
Figure 14
Note: If you previously inserted a Page Break here, you will see an additional blank page.
Simply delete the extra page break by placing your cursor in front of the page break and
pressing the Delete key. This will remove the blank page.
Follow the same steps (Insert > Break > Section break types: Next Page) on a blank line
after the table or image. Your table should now be the only thing on this page. Place your
cursor on the page containing the table. It can be in the table or outside of it, but it must be
on the same page. This is where you will change the page orientation.
From the File menu, click Page Layout and click the Paper Size tab.
In the Orientation section, select Landscape. Make sure the Apply to option is set to This
section. All changes will now affect the landscaped section only.
Figure 15
Under Section break types, select Next Page and click OK. This will start your new
section on a new page of the document.
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5.5.6
Adding outline numbering to chapters and sub sections
If you need chapters and/or sub sections numbered in an outline format, use the Format,
Bullets and Numbering, Click the Outline numbered tab. Choose the outline shown
below. Click Customize
To customize the outlined number list, type the label you want to use for your heading. Do
not delete the number field (gray area).
Figure 16
5.5.7
Footnotes and Endnotes
From the Insert menu and the Reference tab click Footnote to add footnotes or endnotes.
Figure 17
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5.6
5.6.1
Adding tables and other objects
AutoCaptions
Before inserting tables or other objects like figures, make sure you have AutoCaption turned
on. With this feature, your tables and objects will automatically be numbered and labeled in
the right order. To turn AutoCaption on, from the Insert menu, click Reference then click
Caption.
Figure 18
Click the AutoCaption button and then from the list of objects as shown below, choose the
types of objects you will insert in your file such as Microsoft Word Table (table caption),
Microsoft Word Picture (figure caption), or whatever objects your are inserting.
Figure 19
21
5.6.2
Tables
From the Table menu and the Insert tab click Table to create a table. You can also save
tables as images and then insert them as images
Figure 20
5.6.3
Graphics
Accepted graphic formats include CGM, PNG, TIFF, GIF, and JPEG. You can use a mix of
graphic formats in your thesis.
5.6.4
Cross reference updates
Cross-references can be inserted with text and can be customized. To insert a cross
reference, click Insert > Cross-reference. In the Cross-reference dialog, choose the
reference type (Figure, Table, Equation) and in the Insert reference to drop-down list,
select Only label and number. In the textbox under For which caption, a list of available
cross-references in the document will appear. Insert the cross-reference item by selecting the
proper label and caption in the dialog. (See Figure 21 on the following page.)
22
Figure 21
If multiples captions were created, and one of the captions was deleted, you can still update
the caption field by selecting all and pressing F9. If a caption is deleted, the crossreference links will show an error stating that the reference link cannot be found. You
shouldn’t update the cross caption without making a new link, since the labels will be
different from the previous one. Therefore, you need to re-insert the cross-reference to the
document.
5.6.5
Mathematical Equations
To insert equations, on the Insert menu, click Object. Select Microsoft Equation 3.0 from
Object type and click OK. The Equation editor will appear. (See Figures 22 and 23 on the
following page.)
23
Figure 22
Figure 23
To enable equation labels to be positioned on the right side, please refer to the Microsoft
help link below for instructions:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/212381
24
5.6.6
Object and caption text wrapping (grouping the object and the caption as one whole object)
To wrap paragraph text around an object (i.e. figure or table) without having the caption
positioned awkwardly, insert an object the usual way. Select the caption and transform it into
a textbox by highlighting the caption, then clicking Insert > Textbox. This will put the
caption inside a textbox and you will with a border around the caption. To turn it off,
double-click on the textbox, and click the Colors and Lines tab. Change the Color drop
down list under Fill to No Fill and, under Line, change the Color drop-down list to No
Line.
Figure 24
Next, you have to group the object and the textbox together. MS Word will not allow you to
select the object and textbox simultaneously without making sure that both the object and
the textbox have the same layout. Double-click the object and click the Layout tab. Under
Wrapping style, choose a layout other than the inline with text. Then, double-click the
textbox and follow the same steps and choose the same layout. Turn on the Drawing toolbar
(View > Toolbar > Drawing) and select both the object and the textbox. To group them,
from Drawing toolbar, click Draw > Group.
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5.6.7
Deleting tables and figures
When you delete a table or figure, MSWord must re-label and re-number the remaining
tables and figures. To do this, delete the object and caption, select the entire document from
edit menu or press Ctrl A and then F9. You can also right-click the selected area and choose
Update Field from the popup menu.
5.7
Code
To insert code into your file, use a table format in the body text or appendix and map the
style to code in the styles toolbar.
5.8
Creating a table of contents
From the Insert menu, click Reference and Index and Tables to insert a Table of
Contents in your thesis or dissertation. Select 3 in Show Levels. Click on Options to
choose what will be included in the Table of Contents. MSWord will automatically build the
table of contents according to the heading styles you use.
Remember to update your Table of Contents field each time you make changes to your
thesis.
Figure 25
26
Figure 26
Note: Please remember to delete the hint located underneath the Table of Contents.
5.9
Lists
Working with lists should be easy in Word if you are using the template when you write your
thesis:
1. Create separate styles for each different bullet list that you need; for example Bullet
Regular, Bullet Indent, Bullet Square and so on.
2. When you need to use a bullet list, select the correct style from the drop-down menu.
3. If you need to import a bullet list from another document, first select the Clear
Formatting option from the drop-down menu (this removes all formatting) and then cut and
paste it into the working document. Then apply the correct style.
If you have copied and pasted your work into the template and find that your file size
has increased too much, perform the following steps:
1. Open the Word file in Microsoft Word, if possible.
Tip: If this is not possible, try opening it with Internet Explorer.
2. Cut and paste every graphic from the file into an image-editing tool. Create a
Naming convention, (e.g. Page1-A.gif, Page1-B.gif etc) and name each one accordingly.
Warning: Do not save the file yet!
3. On the File menu, click Save As HTML. Name the file with an HTML extension, e.g.
ProposalTemplate.html, and Exit Word.
27
4. Re-open Word. On the File menu, click Open and select the ProposalTemplate.html file.
5. On the File menu, click Save and save with ProposalTemplate.html with a new Word .doc
extension.
e.g. ProposalTemplate2.doc.
6. Instead of copying the bullets directly, clear the bullet style, and just copy the text to the
template. After pasting on the template, format the bullet that you intended
5.10 List of Tables and Figures
5.10.1 List of Figures
From the Insert menu, click Reference and then Index and Tables. Select Table of
Figures. Choose label in Caption Label to insert a List of Figures in your thesis or
dissertation.
Figure 27
28
5.10.2 List of Tables
Use the same command as List of Figures. Choose the label for table in Caption Label.
Figure 28
5.11 Bibliography
UNB supports the RefWorks bibliographic management tool and offers a number of
tutorials. Check the UNB Libraries page at http://www.lib.unb.ca/instruction/RefWorks/
for details on using RefWorks and a schedule of training workshops. The same workshops
are also listed on the UNB Training page at www.unb.ca/training. An online and printable
tutorial is available at http://www.refworks.com/tutorial/.
Write-N-Cite is a utility allowing Microsoft Word and Internet Explorer users to cite
references in a paper with the click of a button. To use Write-N-Cite with Refworks you
must download a small utility program to your computer
http://www.refworks.com/refworks/WNCDownload.asp.
If the bibliography is inserted at the end of your file, cut and paste it into the
Bibliography section of the document.
If you do not use RefWorks, please use a numbered list in the body of bibliography by
clicking on Numbering in the menu bar. Programs such as EndNote should work in the
template in much the same way as RefWorks.
29
6
Scanning
If you need to scan large maps at a high resolution, contact Mike Meade at the Imaging
Centre – a division of the Electronic Text Centre, at mmeade@unb.ca
Scanning services and assistance are available in room 234 of Marshall d’Avray Hall. Regular
scanning services and assistance are available from the UNBSJ Helpdesk located in room
336 of Hazen Hall. Your final scan is only as good as your original unless you use Image
Editing software, such as Photoshop, to enhance it.
What resolution should you use when scanning?
If you don’t intend to print the document with the scanned image, graph, etc., and you will
only be displaying it on the computer, there is no need to scan at a resolution any higher
than 72 dpi, as that is the maximum your monitor is capable of displaying.
If you do intend to print the document with the scanned image, graph, etc., you will have to
scan at a higher resolution. Scanning at 200 dpi should be sufficient. (The maximum would
be 300 dpi)
Embedding Fonts:
Most fonts will automatically be embedded into your PDF file. Embedded fonts will allow
users to view your file exactly as you intended for it to be viewed.
7
Creating a PDF File
These procedures are based on MS Word 2000, 2002, and 2003. Procedures in later versions
of MS Word may vary.
All public computer labs on UNB Fredericton and Saint John campuses have MS Word and
Adobe Acrobat Professional. When this combination of software is present, conversion
from MS Word to PDF can be done directly through the MS Word Program. If you are
using MS Word on a machine without Adobe Acrobat Professional, you can bring a copy of
your thesis or dissertation to a UNB computer lab to perform the conversion. Using your
Novell home account drive H:, or the Development Site, may assist you in moving your
document.
When Adobe Acrobat is integrated into the MS Word program it will automatically include
PDF Maker macros. These macros will automatically display as three new buttons on a
toolbar of their own the next time you start MS Word. This toolbar works in the same
manner as the rest of your toolbars. It can be turned on and off by clicking View >
Toolbars from the menu bar. The PDF toolbar will look like the following:
30
Figure 29
The following procedure creates a PDF file in Word.
1. Open your document in Word and click the button the Convert to Adobe PDF
button (See figure 29 on the previous page)
2. You are then prompted with the following dialog where you will provide a name for
the file and click Save.
Figure 30
7.1
Converting a WordPerfect document to PDF
The following procedures are based on WordPerfect version 9. Procedures in later versions
of the software can vary. If you are working within WordPerfect, you can easily save you
document into PDF by following this procedure:
1. Select File Publish to PDF from the menu bar. The following window will appear:
(See Figure 31 on the next page.)
31
Figure 31
2. In the Publish to file field, type the name of your file and click OK.
Note: Most times the default selections will suffice. For access to more advanced options
such as Publishing Text Only and Publishing Text as Graphics, click the Details tab of this
window.
7.2
Converting a LaTeX document to PDF
LaTeX is a set of macro extensions to the TeX document composition system designed by
Donald Knuth. TeX, and thus LaTeX, are markup languages. The format of the input to the
TeX program is plain ASCII text with markup directives embedded within or surrounding
the text to be marked up.
Any program capable of displaying plain ASCII text and making changes to ASCII text files
can be used as LaTeX and TeX sources.
To create a PDF file from a LaTeX document, the following steps are typically followed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Render your LaTeX document to a DVI file.
Preview the document for accuracy using the xdvi tool.
Use the dvips program to convert the DVI file to a postscript (.ps) file
Use the ps2psdf program to convert the postscript file to a PDF file. The program
ps2pdf is freely available for UNIX/Linux, and will usually be pre-installed on
RedHat versions of Linux.
32
7.3
Converting other formats to PDF
Many, but not all electronic formats for documents can be converted to PDF. You should
ensure that your document can be converted to PDF format before selecting the word
processing program you use to create your thesis.
8
For more information
For more information about using the MSWord template call the Electronic Text Centre at
447-3458 or email at etext@unb.ca.
9
9.1
Appendices
Shortcut keys
Shortcut Keys
Description
Alt + Left Arrow Returns you to the most recent place on your document
Ctrl + A
Select all contents of the page.
Ctrl + B
Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + C
Copy selected text.
Ctrl + X
Cut selected text.
Ctrl + P
Open the print window.
Ctrl + F
Open find dialog.
Ctrl + I
Italicize highlighted selection.
Ctrl + K
Insert a link.
Ctrl + U
Underline highlighted selection.
Ctrl + V
Paste copied or cut text.
Ctrl + Y
Redo the last action performed.
Ctrl + Z
Undo last action.
Ctrl + L
Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen.
Ctrl + E
Align the line or selected text to the center of the screen.
Ctrl + R
Align the line or selected text to the right of the screen.
Ctrl + M
Indent the paragraph.
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Ctrl + Shift + F
Change the font.
Ctrl + Shift + >
Increase selected font +1pts up to 12pt and then increases font +2pts.
Ctrl + ]
Increase selected font +1pts.
Ctrl + Shift + <
Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pt or lower, if above 12 decreases font
by +2pt.
Ctrl + [
Decrease selected font -1pts.
Ctrl + Shift + *
View or hide non-printing characters.
Ctrl + <left
arrow>
Moves one word to the left.
Ctrl + <right
arrow>
Moves one word to the right.
Ctrl + <up
arrow>
Moves to the beginning of the line or paragraph.
Ctrl + <down
arrow>
Moves to the end of the paragraph.
Ctrl + Del
Deletes word to right of cursor.
Ctrl +
Backspace
Deletes word to left of cursor.
Ctrl + End
Moves the cursor to the end of the document.
Ctrl + Home
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document.
Ctrl + Spacebar
Reset highlighted text to the default font.
Ctrl + 1
Single-space lines.
Ctrl + 2
Double-space lines.
Ctrl + 5
1.5-line spacing.
Ctrl + Alt + 1
Changes text to heading 1.
Ctrl + Alt + 2
Changes text to heading 2.
Ctrl + Alt + 3
Changes text to heading 3.
Ctrl + F1
Open the Task Pane.
F1
Open Help.
Alt + Ctrl + F2
Open new document.
Ctrl + F2
Display the print preview.
Shift + F3
Change the text in Microsoft Word from upper to lower case or a
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capital letter at the beginning of every word.
Shift + Insert
Paste.
F4
Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+)
F5
Open the find, replace, and go to window in Microsoft Word.
Ctrl + Shift + F6 Opens to another open Microsoft Word document.
F7
Spell and grammar check selected text and/or document.
Shift + F7
Runs a Thesaurus check on the word highlighted.
F9
Updates selected fields
F12
Save as.
Shift + F12
Save.
Ctrl + Shift +
F12
Prints the document.
Alt + Shift + D
Insert the current date.
Alt + Shift + T
Insert the current time.
Shortcut Keys
Description
Ctrl + A
Select all contents of the page.
Ctrl + B
Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + C
Copy selected text.
Ctrl + X
Cut selected text.
Ctrl + P
Open the print window.
Ctrl + F
Open find dialog.
Ctrl + I
Italicize highlighted selection.
Ctrl + K
Insert a link.
Ctrl + U
Underline highlighted selection.
Ctrl + V
Paste copied or cut text.
Ctrl + Y
Redo the last action performed.
Ctrl + Z
Undo last action.
Ctrl + L
Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen.
Ctrl + E
Align the line or selected text to the center of the screen.
Ctrl + R
Align the line or selected text to the right of the screen.
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Ctrl + M
Indent the paragraph.
Ctrl + Shift + F
Change the font.
Ctrl + Shift + >
Increase selected font +1pts up to 12pt and then increases font +2pts.
Ctrl + ]
Increase selected font +1pts.
Ctrl + Shift + <
Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pt or lower, if above 12 decreases font
by +2pt.
Ctrl + [
Decrease selected font -1pts.
Ctrl + Shift + *
View or hide non-printing characters.
Ctrl + <left
arrow>
Moves one word to the left.
Ctrl + <right
arrow>
Moves one word to the right.
Ctrl + <up
arrow>
Moves to the beginning of the line or paragraph.
Ctrl + <down
arrow>
Moves to the end of the paragraph.
Ctrl + Del
Deletes word to right of cursor.
Ctrl +
Backspace
Deletes word to left of cursor.
Ctrl + End
Moves the cursor to the end of the document.
Ctrl + Home
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document.
Ctrl + Spacebar
Reset highlighted text to the default font.
Ctrl + 1
Single-space lines.
Ctrl + 2
Double-space lines.
Ctrl + 5
1.5-line spacing.
Ctrl + Alt + 1
Changes text to heading 1.
Ctrl + Alt + 2
Changes text to heading 2.
Ctrl + Alt + 3
Changes text to heading 3.
Ctrl + F1
Open the Task Pane.
F1
Open Help.
Alt + Ctrl + F2
Open new document.
Ctrl + F2
Display the print preview.
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Shift + F3
Change the text in Microsoft Word from upper to lower case or a
capital letter at the beginning of every word.
Shift + Insert
Paste.
F4
Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+)
F5
Open the find, replace, and go to window in Microsoft Word.
Ctrl + Shift + F6 Opens to another open Microsoft Word document.
F7
Spell and grammar check selected text and/or document.
Shift + F7
Runs a Thesaurus check on the word highlighted.
F12
Save as.
Shift + F12
Save.
Ctrl + Shift +
F12
Prints the document.
Alt + Shift + D
Insert the current date.
Alt + Shift + T
Insert the current time.
9.2
Mouse shortcuts
Mouse shortcuts Description
Click, hold, and
drag
Selects text from where you click and hold to the point you drag and let
go.
Double-click
If double-click a word, selects the complete word.
Double-click
Double-clicking on the left, center, or right of a blank line will make
the alignment of the text left, center, or right aligned.
Double-click
Double-clicking anywhere after text on a line will set a tab stop.
Triple-click
Selects the line or paragraph of the text the mouse triple-clicked.
Ctrl + Mouse
wheel
Zooms in and out of document.
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