Chem 455: Study notes for Quiz 1 on Monday 7 February 2005. Quiz covers Chapters 1-7
You will need a calculator and a periodic table. You may bring 1 page (8.5”x 11”) of notes and
equations
Chapter 1
Difference between detection of element concentration and detection of chemical species
Definition of detector, sensor, and transducer
Understand and define criteria for analytical methods
Understand calibration methods and their limits
Determine unknown concentration from data
Standard addition or calibration curve
Relate sensitivity and detection limit to data
Detection limited based on blank and 3 times standard deviation
Chapters 2 and 3
Ohm’s Law and how it can be applied to different circuits
Understand resistance, current, voltage, and power loss in circuits
Relate for series and parallel circuits
Role of capacitor
Semiconductor properties,
Types, how they work, elements used for make them
Chapter 4
Binary counting
Chapter 5
Sources of noise
How the arise and mathematical relationships describing the noise
Signal to noise and how to improve the signal
Understand different computational and electronic methods for improving S/N
Chapter 6
X-rays
Label spectra and describe different lines
Relationship between element and x-ray energy
Atomic spectra and quantum numbers and their relationship to Bohr atom
Describe photoelectric effect
Calculate energy from photon wavelength
Relate to change in energy state of chemical species observed by a spectroscopic method (see
figure 6.15, 6.17)
Convert transmittance into absorbance
Utilize and understand Beer’s Law
Chapter 7
Sources of radiation (lamps and ranges, lasers)
Types of detectors
Describe how a laser functions
Analytical processes with lasers
How filters function
Calculate a filter wavelength for an interference filter
Calculation of photon wavelength from grating data
Equation for selection of slit width (Example 7-2)
Components of an optical system