香港經濟日報
A25 |
港聞 |
2009-11-28
By 黃勁文
機位缺外幣升 聖誕團費增
標示關鍵字
最多貴 9 成 部分遊東南亞平 4 成
在外幣升值及金融海嘯令航空公司減少航班的情況下，今年聖誕不少旅行團加價，華東、日
本及澳洲團加價約 6%至最高近 9 成不等，但亦有部分東南亞團減價 4 成；旅遊業界相信港人會
普遍選擇中長 普通聖誕團，豪華團需求減少，料旅行社營業額最多升 5%，外遊人數或升約 2%。
每年聖誕均是港人外遊旺季，香港旅遊業議會總幹事董耀中表示，今年有不少聖誕團加價（見
表），包括華東、菲律賓、日本、美國、澳洲及新西蘭等，加幅最大為華東團的近 9 成。
他指華東團費大升，因零團費及購物團減少令成本上升，而不少航空公司在金融海嘯期間削
減班次後，不少飛機仍停放在外國倉庫，令聖誕機位較去年同期少約 5%，亦是團費增加的原因。
蔡瀾豪華美食團 轉遊北海道
董表示，港人旅遊熱點的日本，最便宜的本州團 5 天團較去年升近 4 成；以食家蔡瀾作招
徠的豪華美食團，今年轉往北海道，令最貴團費大升約 190%，本州貴價團則跌價逾 7 成。他相
信，今年大部分港人會選擇較便宜的普通聖誕團。
至於長 團團費，美國 7 天團最多升逾 4 成，澳洲 8 天團亦加價 36.4%，但較貴的豪華團則
跌價逾 4%；而歐洲的普通及豪華團均跌價最多逾 2 成半。他又透露，本月首 24 日議會的印花
費收入，已較去年整個 11 月升近 3 成，估計今年 11 月及 12 月整體印花費按年最多升約 1 成，
料單 12 月亦有 5%升幅，外遊港人或較去年多 2 至 3%。
料生意額升 5% 外遊人數多 2%
香港旅行社協會主席胡兆英指，團費上升亦與部分國家的幣值上升而美元弱勢有關，例如韓
國及日本等；他認為，經濟開始好轉，相信較貴的中長 團需求增加，但預料仍短 團為主，估
計今年聖誕節旅行社的生意額或升 3 至 5%，機位不足外遊人數可能只有增 2%。
Describing the issue
According to the news article, this year’s Christmas, many tours’(旅行團)prices
increase. This is because some of the airline companies reduce the number of flights
as well as foreign currency appreciation.
Drawing the diagram
S2
S1
P2
P1
D2
D1
Q1  Q2
Tours
Explanation
Superior goods: An increase in income leads to increase in demand for it, vice versa.
Tours is superior good.
As the economy of Hong Kong is recovering, people’s income increase, so the
demand for tours increases.
Complements are goods that have to be used together to satisfy wants.
Currency is needed when traveling abroad.
So currency and (traveling abroad/ tours) are complements.
Some of the countries (e.g. Japan) increase their currency value.
So, demand for tours decreases.
However, as Hong Kong’s economy is recovering (after the financial tsunami), Hong
Kong people’s income increase and Christmas holiday is coming.
Therefore, Hong Kong’s people demand for traveling abroad increases and hence the
demand for tours increases.
Totally, the demand for tours increases.
Due to appreciation of currencies, as booking hotel, coaches are inputs of holding
tours, this means that the prices of hotel, coaches etc. in foreign countries increase in
terms of HKD.
When the travel agencies need to book the hotels, coaches etc., they have to pay more
and thus the production cost is higher. So the supply for tour groups decreases.
Due to the financial tsunami, lots of airline companies reduce the number of flights,
many airplanes are stored in foreign warehouses, the supply of seats of planes
decreases and thus the supply of tours decreases.
If the rise in demand of tours is larger than the fall in supply of tours, equilibrium
price of the tours rises, (P1 => P2), and equilibrium quantity of tours rises (Q1 =>
Q2).
Therefore, we can see that the turnover of travel agencies will increase 5%，people
are going to visit foreign countries will increase 2% (equilibrium quantity of tour
groups rises ) and the prices of tours increases in this Christmas holiday (equilibrium
price of the tour groups rises).