The Human
Skeletal System
Types of Skeletons
Exoskeleton – outside skeleton
s1
Endoskeleton- inside skeleton
Function of the Skeletal System
► Supports
–the body
and gives it shape
► Protects –organs
such as the heart and
lungs
► Enables movement
► Storage of calcium and
phosphorous
► Produces blood cells
in the marrow ****
s2
Cartilage
► Tough,
fibrous, elastic connective tissue
► Functions:
► support
► Cushioning
of joints
► Cartilage makes up most of the embryo’s skeleton
► Baby is born with 300 bones by the time he is 25 they
fuse and then there is 206
s3
The Bones
There are 206 bones in
the human body. Born
with 300. They fuse up
to age 25,when growth
plates fully harden
(ossify). Growth plates
are located at the ends
of long bones.
► Bones are LIVING
(your bones do mend
themselves)
S4
Joints, Tendons & Ligaments
Joints
► The place where two or more bones join together.
► Joints can be movable and immovable. Being double
jointed only means that there is more mobility at the joints.
► Ligaments
► are tough connective tissue that connect bone to bone
and prevent the joint from moving in the wrong direction.
(Legos connect only to other Legos )
► L to L- Lego to Lego,
► B to B- Bone to Bone
► Tendons
► attach muscle to bone.
S5
5 Basic Joints
Name
Movable or
Immovable
Type of
Movement
Example
Suture
(interlocking)
Immovable
None
Bones of the
Cranium
Pivot joint
Movable
Cranium to Neck
Ball and Socket
Joint
Movable
Shoulder
Hips
Hinge Joint
Movable
Elbow
Knee
Gliding Joint
Movable
Ankle,wrist
Ribs
Vertebrae
Malfunctions of the Locomotion
system
► Arthritis:
joint inflammation-There are over 100
different types of arthritis.
► Tendonitis
: tendon inflammation at bone
junctures. Happens because of poor oxygen and
nutrient supply to area. ( a common condition in
athletes because of overuse)
► Carpal Tunnel - a narrow, rigid passageway of
ligament and bones at the base of the hand houses the median nerve and tendons. The nerve
is compressed which causes pain and numbness
S6
Knee Anatomy
► http://www.wefixbones.net/patient-
education/knee/knee-anatomy/
► This
site shows the parts of the knee bones,
► Cartilage-torn meniscus-is torn cartilage
► tendons- tentonitis
► Ligaments-torn ACL,PCL,(located inside joint-no
blood flow) MCL-outside-has blood flow