6.5 Foreign Policy, National
Security and Defense
Do Now:
How much should we help other
people?
Foreign Relations Policies
A look at the United States’
international relations policies from
birth to present day:
Monroe Doctrine
(Central/South America)
“The occasion has been judged proper for
asserting, as a principle in which the rights and
interests of the United States are involved, that
the American continents, by the free and
independent condition which they have assumed
and maintain, are henceforth not to be
considered as subjects for future colonization by
any European powers.”
-President James Monroe-
Roosevelt Corollary
(Central/South America)
Roosevelt asserted that European
nations should not intervene in
countries to the south of the US,
however under certain conditions,
United States intervention might be
justified.
Good Neighbor Policy
(Central/South America)
Its main principle was that of nonintervention and non-interference in the
domestic affairs of Latin America. It also
reinforced the idea that the United States
would be a “good neighbor” and engage
in reciprocal exchanges with Latin
American countries.
Isolationism
To isolate one's country from the affairs of other
nations by declining to enter into alliances,
foreign economic commitments, foreign trade,
international agreements, etc., seeking to devote
the entire efforts of one's country to its own
advancement and remain at peace by avoiding
foreign entanglements and responsibilities.
Collective Security
(WWII)
A security arrangement, regional or
global, in which each state in the system
accepts that the security of one is the
concern of all, and agrees to join in a
collective response to threats to, and
breaches of, the peace.
Deterrence
(Cold War)
Using an inferior nuclear force, by virtue
of its extreme destructive power, to deter
a more powerful adversary, provided that
this force could be protected against
destruction by a surprise attack.
Truman Doctrine
(Cold War)
“To support free people who are
resisting attempted subjugation by
armed minorities or by outside
pressures.”
-President Harry Truman-
Containment
(Cold War)
United States policy using numerous
strategies to prevent the spread
of communism abroad.
Détente
(Cold War)
The general easing of geo-political
tensions between the Soviet Union and
the United States which began in 1971, as
a foreign policy of U.S. presidents Richard
Nixon and Gerald Ford; a 'thawing out' or
'un-freezing' at a period roughly in the
middle of the Cold War.
Internationalism
In an increasingly interconnected world,
we find ourselves shifting toward a
system which advocates a greater
economic and political cooperation
among nations for the theoretical
benefit of all.
4.5 Foreign Policy, National
Security and Defense
How does the United States exert it’s
influence throughout the world?
The State Department
Secretary of State
Right of Legation
Ambassadors
Passports
Diplomatic Immunity
Department of Defense
Civil Control
Secretary of Defense
Army
Air Force
Navy (Marines)
National Security
Central Intelligence Agency
Department of Homeland Security
This slide is a placeholder for a Polleverwhere.com poll
slide. Use the instructions included in the documents
section to create a poll using the following question.
What percentage of the federal budget goes to
foreign aid?
5% or less
10%
20%
35%
50% or more
This slide is a placeholder for a Polleverwhere.com poll
slide. Use the instructions included in the documents
section to create a poll using the following question.
What percentage of the federal budget should go
to foreign aid?
5% or less
10%
20%
35%
50% or more
Foreign Aid
The United States gives military,
food, financial, technological and
political aid. Not only does this aid
improve the world economy and
save lives, but it also acts as an
important negotiating tool.
Foreign Policy
How does the United States interact with
countries who are behaving in a way
which
A Case Study: North Korea
Economic:
•Removed foreign food and energy aid
•Froze overseas bank accounts
•Controlling imports/exports
A Case Study: North Korea
Military:
•Support of South Korean Military
•Large military presence nearby
•Military Alliance with NK and Japan
A Case Study: North Korea
Political:
•Six-Party Talks
•Political Pressure
•Pressure on China
Selective Service System
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An Independent Federal Agency
Exists under the Military Selective Service Act
Ensures military power in times of war (or peace)
Draftees must report if called to military service
Controversial at times
Registering for the SSA does not mean you are
going to war, it only means that the government
has a way to contact you if they demand that you
serve your country in war.
Who Must Register?
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Almost all males 18 ½-25
Most non-citizen men
Illegal Aliens
Legal permanent residents and refugees
National Guard and Reserves
Who is Exempt?
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Men on Student or Visitor Visas
Men involved in Diplomatic Missions
Full-time active duty military men
Men in Military Academies
Hospitalized, Imprisoned, or Severely Disabled Men
Conscientious Objectors (to a degree)
Conscientious Objectors
• A conscientious objector (CO) is an "individual who has
claimed the right to refuse to perform military service” on the
grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, and/or religion
• Conscientious objectors are usually forced into civilian service
in some supporting role
What if I don’t?
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Lose Student Loans/Grants
Fail Background or Security Checks
Lose eligibility for Citizenship
In some states: Drivers License, Permits, ID Cards
Up to 5 years in prison and $250,000 in fines
Recent Draft History
• Major Conflict
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Number Drafted
WW I -- Sept. 1917 - Nov. 1918
WW II -- Nov. 1940 - Oct. 1946
Korea -- June 1950 - June 1953
Vietnam -- Aug 1964- Feb 1973
2,810,296
10,110,104
1,529,539
1,857,304
The Reality
We live in an age of technological war. The
percentage of soldiers in active combat is
much lower than in the past (due to the
power of our war machines and new
weapons). At the same time that physical
strength is becoming less of a defining
characteristic of a soldier, the likelihood of
needing conscription is also diminishing.
6.5 Assignment
Should women be required to register for the
Selective Service System?
Using the two readings and the information you just
received write an essay supporting your answer and
refuting the opposing arguments.