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Name__________________, Period________________.
Lau
Biology
2008
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6/28/2016
Packet 9 Classification and Phylogeny
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2. Linnaeus's hierarchical system of classification includes seven levels. They
are—from smallest to largest—species, genus, family, order, class, phylum,
and kingdom.
Vocab list:
Phylogeny: the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms
Cladogram: diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of
organisms
Pair-quiz
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2. Evolutionary Classification
Darwin's ideas about descent with modification have given rise to the study of
phylogeny, or evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Biologists now group
organisms into categories that represent lines of evolutionary descent, or
phylogeny, not just physical similarities.
3. The genes of many organisms show important similarities at the molecular level.
Similarities in DNA can be used to help determine classification and evolutionary
relationships: that is, Molecular Phylogeny Tree or Molecular Cladogram.
Example: from one of Mr. Lau’s publications in 2001:
I cloned a gene named GRY-BP and I compare my cloned gene with other genes and
the % identity in protein or DNA sequence are computed. A cladogram is drawn
like a Christmas tree showing the relationship of my cloned gene with other similar
cloned genes.
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Questions:
1. Are human and mouse GRY-RBP very close relatives? True or False_________
2. Is GRY-RBP closer to HnRNP-R than ACF? True or False _________
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4. All living things are groups into 3 domains and 6 kingdoms:
Activity:
Use the Venn diagrams to find out the differences and similarities between the
kingdoms:
1. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria:_________________________________________
2. Protistia and Fungi __________________________________________________
3. Plantae and Animalia ________________________________________________
4. Fungi and Plantae ___________________________________________________
5. Protista and Animalia ________________________________________________
6. Between the domains : Bacteria and Eukarya._____________________________
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7. Use a concentric Venne Diagram to draw a phylogenetic tree of all the kingdoms.
Show your derived characteristics for each kingdom.