PERBANDINGAN ANTARA DUA METODE COSTING
Zahra, Co developed the following standard unit costs at 100%
of its normal production capacity, which is 50,000 units per
year:
Direct materials ………………………………………..
Direct labor ………………………………………………
Variable factory overhead ………………………….
Fixed factory overhead ……………………………..
$6
3
1
5
The selling price of each unit of product is $ 25. Variable
commercial expenses are $1 per unit sold, and fixed
commercial expenses total $ 180,000 for the period. During the
year, 49,000 units were produced and 52,000 units were sold.
There is no work in process beginning or ending inventories,
and finished goods inventory is maintained at standard cost,
which has not changed from the preceding year. For the
current year, there is a net unfavorable variable cost variance
in the amount of $ 2,000. All standard cost variances are
charged to cost of goods sold at the end of the period.
Required :
(1). Prepare an income statement on the absorption costing
basis.
(2). Prepare an income statement on the direct costing.
(3). Compute and reconcile the difference in operating income
for the current year under absorption costing and direct
costing.
Answer :
Zahra Corporation
Income Statement
For Year Ended 20--------------------------------------------------------------------------Sales …………………………………………………….
$ 1.300,000
COGS:
Standard full cost ………………………….. $780,000
Net Unfavorable variable cost variance
2,000
Unfavorable volume variance …………
5,000
787,000
Gross Profit ………………………………….
513,000
Less commercial expense:
Less commercial expense:
Variable expense (52,000 x $1) …………. $ 52,000
Fixed expense …………………………………. $ 180,000
Operating income under absorption costing
Units budgeted for production during the year ….
Units actually produced during the year …………...
Fixed factory overhead charge to each unit ………
Unfavorable volume variance ………………………….
232,000
281,000
50,000
49,000
1,000
x
$5
$ 5,000
2).
Zahra Corporation
Income Statement
For Year Ended 20--------------------------------------------------------------------------Sales (52,000 x $ 25) ………………………………..
1,300,000
Cost of Goods Sold:
Standard variable cost (52,000 x $10) .. $ 520,000
Net unfavorable variable cost variance
2,000 522,000
Gross contribution margin ………………………..
778,000
Variable commercial expense (52,000x$1) …..
52,000
Contribution margin …………………………………
726,000
Less fixed cost:
Factory overhead (50,000 x $ 5) ………… $ 250,000
Commercial expenses ……………………….. 180,000 430,000
Operating income under direct costing ..
296,000
3).
Operating income under absorption costing ……
Operating income under direct costing …………...
Difference ……………………………………………………
$ 281,000
296,000
($15,000)
Units produced during the year …………………….
$49,000
Units sold during the year …………………………….
52,000
Units decrease in finished goods inventory …….
(3,000)
Fixed factory overhead charged to each unit under
Absorption costing …………………………………….
X
$5
Difference …………………………………………………..
$ (15,000)