Adam Benjamin
Joel Wiechmann
Eric Wilson
Kevin Brokish
Joseph Wang
Capstone – Spring 2007 - CDR
Presentation Outline
•Overview
•Design
•Implementation
Overview
What is it all about?
Mission Statement
The mission of SimBoulder is
to demonstrate the effective
integration of renewable energy
power sources
Baseline Objectives
 Model City Power Infrastructure
 Integrate renewable and traditional
sources
 Measurement and Display
Design
It starts with
a plan!
Design Outline
 CPU
 Battery System
 Solar Converter
 Hydro System
 Load Usage
Block Diagram
Water
Light
Solar
Cells
Peak Power
Converter
Capacitor
Bank
Generator
Pump
Converter
Relay
Power
Management
Circuitry
City
CPU
LCD
User Input
Two-way
Converter
Power Supply
Battery
CurrentLimiter
Wall
From
D
N
G
F
u
0
1
Battery
From
Pol1
Cap
Generator
From
Industrial
From
?
C
.1uF
D
N
G
Cap
Cell
Solar
From
Residential
From
VCC3
Shifter
Level
D
N
G
?
C
P6.7/A7/DAC1/SVSIN
Transportation
From
VccA
2
4
1
3
2
(5V)
(3.3V)
VccB
VREF-/VeREF-
VCC3
2
Commercial
From
P6.6/A6/DAC0
VCC5
DIR
(3.3V)
VccB
P1.4/SMCLK
P1.0/TACLK
T
U
3
2
2
P1.3/TA2
P1.2/TA1
P1.1/TA0
4
1
2
G
D
N
5
0
3
A
2
2
B
Cap
1
.1uF
B
2
X
XIN
A
VREF+
1
VeREF+
P6.5/A5
P6.4/A4
P6.3/A3
DVcc
A
O\E\
O
D
N
G
?
C
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
D
N
G
6
9
1
4
A
3
B
1
B
7
8
5
A
4
8
7
P1.5/TA0
1
1
3
6
4
AVcc
6
VCC3
Header
LCD
P1.6/TA1
DVss
8
7
1
D
N
G
3
3
6
A
5
B
8
3
7
3
0
4
VCC5
9
6
1
9
Res1
P1.7/TA2
3
9
1
2
6
AVss
7
A
6
B
1
R
6
3
5
3
0
2
1
6
P2.0/ACLK
P6.2/A2
F
p
0
0
1
4
3
3
3
8
3
2
3
1
0
3
9
2
1
4
1
1
P2.1/TAINCLK
0
A
7
B
1
2
0
6
P6.1/A1
?
C
1
5
1
Cap
2
G
D
N
G
8
2
7
6
2
5
D
2
2
1
3
1
N
P2.2/CAOUT/TA0
P6.0/A0
Res1
D
K
0
0
1
N
G
8
B
2
2
9
5
VCC3
4
2
3
2
3
2
8
5
P2.3/CA0/TA1
R\S\T\/NMI
?
R
2
2
1
2
4
U
0
2
9
1
4
2
7
5
P2.4/CA1/TA2
K
C
T
4X2
Header
8
1
7
1
Shifter
Level
6
1
5
1
5
2
6
5
7
8
P2.5/ROSC
TMS
4
1
3
1
5
6
VCC5
2
1
1
1
1
4
2
6
2
5
5
3
4
VccA
(5V)
(3.3V)
VccB
P2.6/ADC12CLK/DMAE0
TDI/TCLK
0
1
9
1
2
D
N
G
D
N
G
8
7
2
3
2
7
2
4
5
DIR
(3.3V)
VccB
P2.7/TA0
TDO/TDI
?
P
6
5
VCC3
4
3
3
2
2
8
2
3
5
D
N
G
1
A
O\E\
P3.0/STE0
XT2IN
2
1
K
0
1
4
1
2
9
2
2
5
1
H
2
A
1
B
P3.1/SIMO0/SDA
XT2OUT
RPot
?
R
5
0
2
0
3
1
5
3
A
2
B
P3.2/SOMI0
P5.7/TBOUTH/SVSOUT
6
9
1
1
3
0
5
4
A
3
B
P3.3/ICLK0/SCL
P5.6/ACLK
D
N
G
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
7
8
1
2
3
9
4
5
A
4
B
P3.4/UTXD0
P5.5/SMCLK
8
7
1
P3.5/URXD0
P3.6/UTXD1
P3.7/URXD1
P4.0/TB0
P4.1/TB1
P4.2/TB2
P4.3/TB3
P4.4/TB4
P4.5/TB5
P4.6/TB6
P4.7/TBCLK
P5.0/STE1
P5.1/SIMO1
P5.2/SOMI1
P5.3/UCLK1
P5.4/MCLK
6
A
5
B
1
U
F
u
0
1
Cap
9
6
1
7
A
6
B
Cbypass
0
1
5
1
8
A
7
B
1
1
4
1
D
N
G
8
B
2
1
3
1
VCC5
D
N
G
D
N
G
3
U
Control
Sun
D
N
G
MSP430F1611
and LCD
Software Block Diagram
Interrupts
City Control
Loop
Sun Control
Store Power
Generation
Data
Update
Virtual LCD
Store Power
Usage Data
Write to LCD
LCD Layout
G
G
D
N
D
N
F
1
Csoft
n
Rpot
D
N
G
Cap
K
RPot
F
u
0
1
0
1
D
N
G
162.4nF
Cap
D
N
G
Cap
3X2
Header
2
C
F
n
2
0
5
3
d
C
Cap
Res1
9
8
Compensation
Start
Soft
d
R
F
u
8
C
0
0
1
Cap
Res1
1
1
1
0
6
Shutdown
Discharge
Res1
7
1
12.8K
A
Output
C
c
c
1
F
n
2
1
Ground
t
5
C
t
VCC15
F
n
1
R
R
t
R
D
N
G
Cap
Cap
3X2
Header
D
N
G
F
n
1
3
1
4
c
V
Output
Osc
Cap
4
C
t
C
3X2
Header
3
C
1
8
4
1
3
D
N
G
Balance
C
N
B
Output
Sync
1
2
7
5
1
2
K
Res1
Input
Inv
+
V
Vin+
Input
N.I.
G
D
N
3
6
6
1
1
1
C
2
7
8
N
C
N
Input
N.I.
Output
Vref
Input
Inv
A
IN
O\U\T\A\
2
R
VCC15
4
5
3
6
VCC15
-
V
Balance
Chip
PWM
D
N
G
Vdd
4
5
K
1
LF356
B
IN
B
OUT
Res1
TC428
Chip
Driver
1
R
Zener
D
D
N
G
0
1
K
b
R
Res1
Cap
0
Res1
1.6
F
u
0
1
MOSFET-N
Cin
K
3.9V
1
D
Cap
DC
12V
0
0
4
D
N
G
F
u
0
1
Battery
Res1
Rload
Cout
2
Q
a
R
H
u
0
0
3
MOSFET-N
Inductor
1
Q
1
L
Schematic – Battery System
Specifications – Battery System
 Charge battery when excess power is
available
 Discharge battery when more power is
needed to power city
 Store excess power using 12V, 7Ah sealed
lead-acid battery
 Convert battery voltage to 5V city voltage
using bi-directional Buck converter
Solar Panel Test Results
Power vs. Voltage
5
4.5
4
Power (W)
3.5
3
Table
2.5
Close
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
5
10
Voltage (V)
15
20
Solar Converter Schematic
Buck
Converter
Currentsensing
feedback
Specifications - Solar Converter
• Max solar panel output power = 4 W at 15.5 V
• Duty cycle D = 0.3
• Small resistor Rtest = 0.1Ω used to determine
current
• Peak Power Tracker takes output voltage of subtractor circuit
• Compares output voltage with previous voltage
Specifications – Hydro System
 Pump water over turbine with sump
pump
 Generate power using Pittman
GM9236 DC brush motor with gear
ratio of 19.7:1
 Convert output voltage of generator
to city voltage using Buck converter
D
N
G
w
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
r
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
D
r
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
OffSheet
y
D
y
D
g
D
g
D
y
D
g
D
g
D
g
D
OffSheet
OffSheet
8
7
1
Rg2
Rg1
5.8
8
7
1
Rr1
7.2
Rg2
Rg1
1
y
R
MOSFET-N
OffSheet
D
N
G
?
Q
MOSFET-N
MOSFET-N
MOSFET-N
D
N
G
D
N
G
D
N
G
?
Q
?
Q
?
Q
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
SW-SPDT
?
S
2
SW-SPDT
SW-SPDT
SW-SPDT
?
S
?
S
?
S
2
2
2
VCC
1
R
OffSheet
Resistor
Sensing
Current
Schematic – LEDs
D
N
G
OffSheet
MOSFET-N
?
Q
MOSFET-N
OffSheet
?
Q
OffSheet
MOSFET-N
?
Q
MOSFET-N
OffSheet
?
Q
1
R
OffSheet
Resistor
Sensing
Current
Schematic – Heating Element
Implementation
Beginning to
Implement
Division of Labor
Kevin
CPU
Peak Power
Tracker
Joel & Adam
Hydro System
Battery Converter
City Construction
PCB Construction
Joe
Load Usage
Project Conclusion
& Impact
SimBoulder
Task Division
Eric
Solar
Converter
Peak Power
Tracker
Project Timeline
Project Timeline
Purchase
Motor/Gener
ator
(March 2)
Purchase
Battery
(March 2)
Test Hydro
System IV
Characteri
stics
(March 7)
Design and
Construct
Converter,
w/ current
Feedback
(March 15)
Joel & Adam
Hydro System
Battery Converter
City Construction
Construct
turbine and
complete
Hydro
System
Setup
(March 20)
Design and
Construct
Converter w/
Voltage
Feedback
(March 20)
Full City
Integration
(April 17)
Purchase City
Construction
Material
(April 3)
Design and
Construct
City
(April 10)
Project Timeline
Kevin
CPU
Design
Input and
Output to
CPU
(March 2)
Get LCD
Working
(March
23)
Get Input
Working
(March
30)
Get
Output
Working
and
Complete
Code for
Output
(April 6)
Complete
Code for
Input &
Display
(April 13)
Full City
Integration
(April 17)
Project Timeline
Eric
Solar
Converter
Design
Power
Converters
(March 2)
Construct
Power
Converter
(March 20)
Test Solar
System
Operation
(April 9)
Full City
Integration
(April 17)
Project Timeline
Joe
Load Usage
Design and
Construct LED’s
& Electric Motor
(March 20)
Test LED’s &
Electric
Motor
(March 27)
Design and
Construct
Heating
Element &
Transportatio
n System
(April 3)
Test Load
Usage for
Heating
Element &
Transportatio
n System
(April 10)
Full City
Integration
(April 17)
Project Timeline
Adam
PCB
Finalize
schematic
in Altium for
PCB
(March 5)
Send off
schematic for
PCB
construction
(March 12)
Revise and
Resend
update PCB
schematic for
construction
(April 3)
Full City
Integration
(April 17)
Parts List
Component
Unit Price Quantity Total Cost
10W Solar Cell (BSP-1012)
$116
1
$116
Sump Pump_(Grainger 3P640)
$150
1
$150
LEDs (SS564UAEC) (set of 12)
$10
3
$30
Legos XXL 2000 Barrel (#5491)
$50
1
$50
Wood and Nails
$25
1
$25
Generator Equipment
$100
1
$100
Converter components (R, C and L)
$150
1
$150
Relay_(Grainger 6C873)
$10
1
$10
Sterilite 66 qt. ClearView tub (4)
$35
1
$35
LCD Screen (CFAG12864BTMIV)
$55
1
$55
Development Board MSP430
$55
1
$55
Current Sensors (CSLA2CD)
$18
6
$108
9V 250 mAh Rechargeable Battery
$20
1
$20
PCB Fabrication Costs
$150
1
$150
Milestone 1
•Construction of Hydro system
Converter
•Construction of Battery Converter
•Solar Panel Converter
•LED and Electric Motor
Construction
•First PCB submitted
Milestone 2
LCD working and code
written
Heating elements and
transportation built
Second PCB submitted
(hopefully received)
Questions?