David Fiedeldey
Michael Badaracca
Peter Brehm
Micahl Keltner
Tenzin Choephak
POWER BLOCKS
Michael Badaracca
Project Overview
Purpose
Project
Elements
David Fiedeldey
• Reduce phantom loads
• Power strip turns off selected
outlets when you are not
home
• Power Strip
• Base Station
• Home Presence Sensors
Fallback Functionality
• Power strip:
• Primary block of 4 outlets plus a modular block
of 2 outlets controllable from base station.
• Current measurements are recorded, processed,
and sent back to a base station wirelessly.
◦ Base station:
 Working LCD interface capable of controlling
individual outlets wirelessly.
 Reports basic power consumption information.
◦ Sensors:
 Physical connection between sensors and base
station.
David Fiedeldey
Expected Functionality
◦ Power strip:
 Add a second modular block of 2 outlets with
added variable voltage functionality.
◦ Base station:
 Long term power usage statistics available to
users in an improved LCD interface. Potentially
presenting data in graphical form as well.
◦ Sensors:
 Wireless connection between sensors and base
station.
David Fiedeldey
Advanced Functionality
◦ Power strip:
 Up to 12 total outlets (4 modular blocks max.)
including a variable voltage block.
 A “sync” button to give visual confirmation of wireless
connectivity.
 Seven-segment display on the strip that shows present
power consumption.
◦ Base station:
 Internet connectivity with a web interface for
controlling the strip.
 Alternatively a smartphone app.
◦ Sensors:
 Multiple sets of motion and photo sensors
communicating with the base station.
David Fiedeldey
Milestone 1
◦ Power strip: Wirelessly receive outlet enable
commands for the primary block on the strip (no
modular blocks)
◦ Base station: Wirelessly send outlet enable
commands to the primary block on the strip. User
interface will involve LEDs and buttons. Receives
input from hardwired sensors and turns LEDs
on/off
◦ Sensors: Hardwire deadbolt and motion/light
sensors to base station.
David Fiedeldey
Milestone 2
◦ Power strip: Incorporate a removable, modular
power block. Process and send current data
◦ Base station: LCD interface with working software
menu and buttons. Wirelessly receive sensor data
and interpret it into commands to power strip.
◦ Sensors: Wireless deadbolt and motion/light
sensors
David Fiedeldey
Expo
◦ Power strip: Multiple modular blocks. A dimmer
modular block. Wireless sync function
◦ Base station: User can input preferences and
schedule for HPS algorithm. Receives data from
multiple motion/light sensors
◦ Sensors: Multiple wireless deadbolt and
motion/light sensors
David Fiedeldey
Current Budget
Part
Quantity Needed Price
Relays
12
Current Sensors
12
2.64
2.91
Dimmers
2
16
Light/Motion Sensors
2
25
MSP430’s
2
20
Xbee’s
2
10
Linx TRM433
3
17.5
LCD
1
50
General
X
100
PCB’s
X
250
Demo Materials
X
250
Shipping
X
50
David Fiedeldey
Total
961.1
Updated Division of Labor
• Hardware: Power Supplies, Base Station PCB
Peter • Software: LCD Driver, Xbee Driver, External Memory Interface
Mike
K.
Mike
B.
• Hardware: Strip Sensor, Strip Power, Strip PCB, HPS Sensors, Enclosures
• Software: HPS Lookup Table, Current Data Processing
• Hardware: Home Presence Sensors, Xbee, Linx TRM433, Enclosures
• Software: Linx driver, HPS Lookup Table, Sensor/Button Interrupts
• Hardware: Power Supplies, Strip PCB, IO Expander
David • Software: Base Station Interface, IO Expander
• Hardware: Xbee, Linx TRM433, Base Station PCB
Tenzin • Software: LCD Driver, Xbee driver
David Fiedeldey
Gant Schedule/Desired Timeline
Home Presence Sensing
Michael Badaracca
Home Presence Sensing Overview
-
-
HPS detects if a house is occupied or not
User configurable algorithm
Minimal user interaction after setup
Sensors can be easily installed in any home
Michael Badaracca
Wireless Components
Transceiver
Transcoder




Small: 0.619”x0.630”x0.125”
Low Power: 2.1 V Min
Simple – CPCA modulation
Michael Badaracca


Small – 0.309” x 0.284”x0.125”
Low Power: 2 V Min
Simple – 8 GPIO pins allow easy
interfacing with processor
General Sensor Circuit
Michael Badaracca
Deadbolt Sensor
-
Detects if deadbolt is locked
Easy installation into doors
Replaceable 3V battery
LED indicator
Michael Badaracca
Motion Sensor/Light
-
Detects human motion (PIR)
Detects light above or below threshold
Replaceable 3V battery
LED indicator
Michael Badaracca
s
ZEPIR0AAS01SBCG
Home Presence Sensing Algorithm
Michael Badaracca
Base Station/Software
Michael Badaracca
Base Station: Level Zero
MSP430F169
Requires 5v DC
Multiple 3.3v Output
Integrated UART
5v DC Power
Buttons
LCD (SPI)
Linx
Timer
X-Bee
(Data)
Peter Brehm
MSP430F169
X-Bee (Commands)
User Interface
LCD
• Crystalfontz CFA-634
• 120 x 32 pixel resolution
• Requires 5v DC
• Communicates using SPI
• MSP430 is the master and LCD is the slave.
Buttons
• Number pad, Select, up/down, and Back
• Text Based Navigation of the Menu
Peter Brehm
The Menu Screen
Peter Brehm
Base Station Software/Interrupts


Main function drives the LCD
Interrupts
◦ 1st Timer
 Timer Register Overflow increments global timer variable to
keep track of the schedule and the time.
◦ 2nd Buttons
 Directly hardwired to I/O pins on the MSP430
◦ 3rd Linx Communication
 Sensor input
◦ 4th X-Bee communication
 Data from the strip

After each interrupt the Base Station will check the
state table, and if necessary send commands to
the strip.
Peter Brehm
Trends, Profiles and Memory

Power readings of each outlet are saved and
averaged every fifteen minutes.

Plotted for the power consumption trends
option.

Additional external memory chip
◦ EEPROM
 Non Volatile Memory
 Past Power Consumption Data
Peter Brehm
Strip Software Functionality





Regular interval timer interrupt
Checks ADCs from all outlets
Converts the Signal to packet form
Sends data to the Base station via X-Bee
Repeat
120 v AC
Power
Relay Control
Current Sensors
Timer
X-Bee (Commands)
Peter Brehm
MSP430F169
X-Bee (Data)
Strip Interrupts

1st Commands from the Base Station
◦ Output Multiplier
◦ Control individual outlet relays

2nd Timer Flag Registers
◦ To accurately keep track of regular intervals
Peter Brehm
Power Strip
Micahl Keltner
Major Features
Micahl Keltner
Inputs
Outputs
• Processor
(MSP430)
• XBee/MSP430
Base Station
• 4x Current
Sensor Vout
• 4 Outlets
• Wall 120VAC
• 4 Current Meters
• Comm. Override
• 120V AC x4
On/Off
Micahl Keltner
Dimmer Operation
• Chops up the sine wave, twice per cycle, off/on 120times a second
• The variable resistance controls gate voltage, determines duty cycle for
off.
• Inductor and C1 act as a filter, storing charge , reducing the “buzzing”
effect
Micahl Keltner
Total Lines
– N Outlets
Micahl Keltner
•120VAC +/-, Earth GND, GND, 5VDC,
Short, NxVsensor, NxCOM, Res. Line
(6+2N total)
Clock
Data Bus
Order of
Operations
Micahl Keltner
•SCL – Baud rate to match data bus
•SDA – Byte segments; sets a read/write
operation, device address, etc
•Determine a write or read (8 bits)
•What port being written/read (8 bits)
•Data sent or received (8 bits)
Vout vs Iload
0.25
0.214
0.2
y = 10.918x - 27.337
0.171
0.15
Vout vs I
0.126
0.1
Linear (Vout vs I)
0.083
0.05
0
2.5
2.51
2.52
• Linear Behavior
2.53
Measured Power %Error
3
Power (Watts)
2.5
y = -14.615x + 3.3249
2
Series1
1.5
Linear (Series1)
1
0.5
0
0
• 10A Range Sensing
• 1250V Isolation
0.041
0
Allegro Microsystems
0.1
0.2
% Error Measured vs. Real
0.3
Micahl Keltner
Communications
Tenzin Choephak
XBee wireless interface
Tenzin Choephak
Data collected/computed
Current
• Current meter will relay current data
to the on board msp430 for display.
Average
Current
• Average current usage over hour,
day and month.
Power
consumption
Tenzin Choephak
• Average power consumption reading
for hour, day and month.
UART Data Packet/Encoding

Command packets from base station to strip

Strip data packets from strip to base station


24 bit Data packet will consist of three 8 bit subpackets
Packets are encoded depending on if it’s a command
packet or strip data packets
Tenzin Choephak
Data Packet/encoding cont

16 bit example packet from base station to
strip:
Strip ID
(4)
Outlet ID
(7)
Cmd ID
(4)
Other
(2)
Ack & Checksum
(2-3)
24

24 bit data packet from strip to base station
example:
Strip ID
(4)
Block ID
(4)
Data
(14)
24
Tenzin Choephak
Ack & Checksum
(2)
Tenzin Choephak
G
D
N
RF_TX/AD4/DIO4
S
CTS/DIO7
P
E
E
L
Reserved
Reserved
PWM0/RSSI
RESET
Dout_EN
ON/SLEEP
VREF
Assoc_Ind/AD5/DIO5
RTS/AD6/DIO6
AD3/DIO3
AD2/DIO2
Din/CONFIG
AD1/DIO1
Dout
AD0/DIO0
Vcc
Module
XBee
C
C
V
D
N
RF
UART_IN
D
UART_OUT
C
C
V
N
G
G
XBee
Component_1
*
B
C
C
V
D
N
G
Schematic
Conclusion

Few challenges
◦ XBee too big for deadbolt sensor
◦ Not enough I/O on board for strip
◦ May not have enough on board memory

State of Progress
◦ Have simple initial test design working with button
on dev board controlling the relays
◦ XBees settings programmed and tested working
◦ Begun programming the MSP430
Tenzin Choephak
Demo/Question?

Display deadbolt sensor controlling a relay
through the MSP430
Tenzin Choephak