Matakuliah
Tahun
: U0062/Strategi Manajemen Persuasi
: 2006
Cognitivisme
Pertemuan 11
1
Cognitive Psychology
Branch of psychology devoted to the
study of human cognition, particularly
as it affects learning and behavior.
The field grew out of advances in
Gestalt, developmental, and
comparative psychology and in
computer science, particularly
information-processing research.
2
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychology shares many
research interests with cognitive science,
and some experts classify it as a branch of
the latter. Contemporary cognitive theory
has followed one of two broad approaches:
the developmental approach, derived
from the work of Jean and concerned
with “representational thought” and the
construction of mental models (“schemas”)
of the world, and the informationprocessing approach, which views the
human mind as analogous to a
sophisticated computer system.
3
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychology, school of psychology
that examines internal mental processes such
as problem solving, memory, and language. It
had its foundations in the Gestalt psychology
of Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Köhler, and
Kurt Koffka, and in the work of Jean Piaget,
who studied intellectual development in
children. Cognitive psychologists are
interested in how people understand,
diagnose, and solve problems, concerning
themselves with the mental processes which
mediate between stimulus and response.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive
4
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive theory contends that solutions to
problems take the form of algorithms—rules
that are not necessarily understood but
promise a solution, or heuristics—rules that
are understood but that do not always
guarantee solutions. In other instances,
solutions may be found through insight, a
sudden awareness of relationships.
5
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychologists have tried to reach
a greater understanding of human memory
and language. In recent years, cognitive
psychology has become associated with
information processing, which examines
artificial intelligence in computers to find out
whether they are capable of problem
solving in ways similar to humans.
Information processing theory studies the
parallels between the human brain and the
computer, in the ways that both can receive,
process, store, and retrieve information.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive
6
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychology is radically different
from previous psychological approaches in
two key ways.
 It accepts the use of the scientific method,
and generally rejects introspection as a
valid method of investigation, unlike
phenomenological methods such as Freudian
psychology.
 It explicitly acknowledges the existence of
internal mental states (such as beliefs,
desires and motivations) unlike behaviorist
psychology.
7
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive