Pertemuan 5
Troubleshooting Routing Protocols
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Discussion Topics
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Routing protocol troubleshooting process
Troubleshooting RIP configuration
Troubleshooting IGRP configuration
Troubleshooting EIGRP configuration
Troubleshooting OSPF configuration
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Troubleshooting Process
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Analyze the network failure, make a clear problem statement.
Gather the facts needed to help isolate possible causes.
Consider possible problems based on the facts that have been gathered.
Create an action plan based on the remaining potential problems.
Implement the action plan, performing each step carefully while testing to
see whether the symptom disappears.
Analyze the results to determine whether the problem has been resolved.
If it has, the process is complete.
If the problem has not been resolved, create an action plan based on the
next most likely problem in the list. Return to Step 4, change one variable
at a time, and repeat the process until the problem is solved.
Once the actual cause of the problem is identified, try to solve it.
Use show Commands and
TCP/IP Tools
Troubleshooting RIP Configuration
• Layer 1 or Layer 2 connectivity
issues exist.
• VLSM subnetting is
configured. VLSM subnetting
cannot be used with RIPv1
• Mismatched RIPv1 and RIPv2
routing configurations exist.
• Network statements are
missing or incorrectly
assigned.
• The outgoing interface is
down.
• The advertised network
interface is down.
Troubleshooting IGRP
Configuration
Troubleshooting EIGRP
Configuration
Troubleshooting EIGRP
Configuration
Troubleshooting OSPF
Configuration
Examining the values
R1#show interface s 0/0
R1#show inter s 0/0
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial
Internet address is 172.16.3.1/30
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
<text omitted>
• The bandwidth (BW) metric is a static value used by some routing
protocols such as EIGRP and OSPF to calculate their routing metric.
• The value of the bandwidth may or may not reflect the actual
physical bandwidth of the interface.
• Modifying the bandwidth does not change the actual bandwidth of
the link.
Rick Graziani - Cabrillo
10
College
Examining the values
R1#show interface s 0/0
R1#show inter s 0/0
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial
Internet address is 172.16.3.1/30
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
<text omitted>
• Delay is a measure of the time it takes for a packet to traverse a
route.
• The delay (DLY) metric is a static value based on type of link that
the interface is connected to and is expressed in microseconds.
Rick Graziani - Cabrillo
11
College
Examining the values
R1#show interface s 0/0
R1#show inter s 0/0
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial
Internet address is 172.16.3.1/30
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
<text omitted>
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Reliability (reliability) is a measure of the probability that the link will fail or how
often the link has experienced errors.
Reliability is measured dynamically with a value between 0 and 255 with 1 being
a minimally reliable link and 255 a 100 percent reliable.
Reliability uses error rate for its measurement and is calculated on a five minute
weighted average, so not to allow sudden peaks and valleys to make a
significant impact.
Reliability is displayed as a fraction of 255.
Higher the value, the more reliable the link.
Rick Graziani - Cabrillo
12
So, 255/255 would be 100% reliable, whereas a link of 234/255 would College
be 91.8%
Examining the values
R1#show interface s 0/0
R1#show inter s 0/0
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial
Internet address is 172.16.3.1/30
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
<text omitted>
• Load (load) reflects the amount of traffic utilizing the link. Load is a
dynamic value between 0 and 255.
• Load uses channel occupancy for measurement and like reliability is
calculated on a five minute weighted average, so not to allow
sudden peaks and valleys to make a significant impact.
• Channel occupancy is just a parameter used for determining how
much of the link is being used.
Rick Graziani - Cabrillo
13
College
Examining the values
R1#show interface s 0/0
R1#show inter s 0/0
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial
Internet address is 172.16.3.1/30
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
<text omitted>
• Similar to reliability, load is expressed as a fraction of 255.
However, a lower load value is more desirable.
• Load is displayed as both an outbound or transmit load value
(txload), and an inbound or receive load value (rxload).\
• Load is expressed as a fraction of 255.
• Lower the value, the lesser the load on the link.
• So, 1/255 would be a minimally loaded link.
• 40/255 is a link at 16 percent capacity, and 255/255 would be a link
Rick Graziani - Cabrillo
14
that is 100 percent saturated.
College