Social and Emotional
Development
in Adolescence
Chapter 12
Erik Erikson
Identity vs. Identity Confusion


Identity crisis-temporary period of
confusion and distress as they experiment
with alternatives before settling on values
and goals (identity exploration)
Identity confusion-shallow and
directionless

Due to conflicts resolved negatively or society
restricts choices
Table 12.1

Identity statuses
Identity Development





Cultural and ethnic identity
Career identity
Gender identity
Self identity
Autonomy
Family and Teens

Parenting styles that involve listening,
asking clarifying questions and higherlevel reasoning is more effective than

Threats, sarcastic remarks
Peer relationships




Average at least 18 hours per week with
peers
Friendships-intimacy
Loyal
Close friendships assist with self
exploration, understanding of others,
stress of teen years, and school stress
Cliques and Crowds




Cliques-small group of close or good friends
Crowd-loosely organized group of several
cliques and others
Dating-apart of teen life; assist teens in learning
about people, love relationships, etiquette,
culture and cooperation
Peer pressure-pressure to conform-seen in
dress grooming and participation in social
activities
Problems in Teen Years



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Depression
Suicide
Delinquency
Drug Abuse
At Risk