Matakuliah : U0173 / FOTOGRAFI 1
PHOTOGRAPHY 1
Basic Techniques of Photography
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Basic Techniques Of Photography
Long Depth Of Field
Diaphragm / aperture
Short Depth of Field
Freeze
Shutter speed
Slow Motion
Panning
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Depth of field
Aperture/diaphragms
Depth of field is the technical term used to describe the
'zone of sharpness' between nearest and furthest of a
subject in focus.
Bigger the aperture, shorter the depth of field
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Elements that will affects Depth of Field :

The lens opening
(the bigger the apertures of diaphragm, the zone of
sharpness is shallower or vice versa)

The focal length of the lens
(the wide angle lenses have extended field of sharpness than
a longer focal length lenses and vice versa)

The distance from the lens to the subject
(the nearer the subject is, the shallower the zone of
sharpness and vice versa)
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5
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Depth of field
F 1,4
F 5,6
F 16
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Short Depth Of Field
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Short Depth Of Field
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Short Depth Of Field
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Short Depth Of Field
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Short Depth Of Field
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Short Depth Of Field
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Long Depth Of Field
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Long Depth Of Field
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Long Depth Of Field
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Long Depth Of Field
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Long Depth Of Field
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Short vs Long Depth Of Field
Long Depth of Field with f 16
Short Depth of Field with f 2
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Short vs Long Depth Of Field
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SHUTTER SPEEDS
Shutter Speed : Shutter speed regulates the time duration
at which the shutter curtain open up and close during an
exposure process, so it’s automatically capture the object
action/movement too.
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Shutter Speed Numbers
1 , ½ , 1/4 , 1/8 , 1/15 , 1/30 , 1/60 , 1/125
1/250 , 1/500 , 1/1000 , 1/2000 , 1/4000 ,
1/8000 ,
These numbers represents how fast / slow the shutter is
opened. (The number representations are in seconds)
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SHUTTER SPEEDS
 Fast Shutter speed
 Slow shutter speed
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Freeze
Capturing an action with high/fast shutter speed
So we can ‘freeze’ the action
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Freeze
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Freeze
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Freeze
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Slow Motion / Movement
Capturing an action with slow shutter speed (slower than the
object's speed)
With slow shutter speed, we can capture the movement of the
object. The movement can be seeing with blurry or
unfocused effect.
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Slow Motion / Movement
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Slow Motion / Movement
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Slow Motion / Movement
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Slow Shutter Speed
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Slow Shutter Speed + Flash
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Shutter Speed : 1/15
Shutter Speed : 1/250
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Panning
Technique of swinging the camera to follow a moving
subject, used to convey the impression of speed.
Slower shutter speed is used, so that a sharp image of
the moving object is recorded against a blurred
background.
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Matakuliah : U0173 / FOTOGRAFI 1
PHOTOGRAPHY 1
Films
(Basic Knowledge)
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Film
1. What is ASA / ISO / DIN
2. Understanding ASA / ISO
3. Types of film that is available on the
market
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ASA / ISO / DIN
ASA
: American Standard Association
ISO
: International Standard Organization
DIN
: Deutsche Index Number (German
standard associations)
Before all films can be sold in a specific country they must go
through a testing and certification test from one or more of the
following organization.
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ASA Numbers
1 , 1.25 , 1.5 , 2 , 2.5 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 , 10
12 , 16 , 20 , 25 , 32 , 40 , 50 , 64 , 80 ,
100 , 125 ,160 , 200 , 250 ,320 , 400 , 500
640 , 800 , 1000 ,1250 , 1600 , 2000 ,
2500 , 3200 , 4000 , 5000 , 6400 , 8000
,10000 , 12500
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Understanding ASA / ISO / DIN
The numbers are guides set by international standard that
measures the sensitivity of a certain kind of film towards light
The higher the numbers would mean that the film is more
sensitive towards light and would need less exposure to achieve
the same effect compared to a lower ASA / ISO.
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Balancing The Scales
Now that we know Aperture, Shutter speed, and ASA
how does this affect the pictures that we take ?
Triangular Concept (by Lister)
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If we remember correctly to mathematical calculation ,
how many degrees are there in a triangle if we add all the
3 sides ?
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How do we apply this theory to the basics of exposure in
picture taking ?
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