Brian Schwartz
Assistant Professor
Non-Tenured, Tenure Track
Appointment: 95% Research & 5% Teaching
rd
3
Year Review
Crop & Soil Sciences
University Of Georgia
Outline
• Brian Schwartz’s Plan
• Breeding Program
– More than 50% of Our Effort
• Achievements in Research
• Achievements in Teaching
• Achievements in Service
Plan (Years 1 – 3)
• Identify research needs
• Initiate my own research (Years 1 & 2)
– Minimum 1 year establishment and 2 years of
data for perennial crop
• Begin collaborative, short-term research
projects with those in other disciplines
• Apply for grant funding
• Build relationships with both industry and
public institutions
• Complete experimental phase of my research
Plan (Years 4 – 6)
• Publish my research
• Continue training graduate students
– Their research will contribute to my program
• Intensify plant breeding efforts in Tifton
• Publish my research
Crossing Blocks
Hand Crosses
Population
Development
Unique
Phenotypes
Hybrid Screening
Hybrid Selection
Drought
• Rain Exclusion Structures
Drought
VISUAL TQ
9
8
Visual Rating
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
7/6/10 7/11/10 7/16/10 7/21/10 7/26/10 7/31/10 8/5/10 8/10/10 8/15/10
DT1-C
DT1-P
TS-C
TS-Primo
New Technologies
Bermudagrass Genotypes Under Short-Term
Drought
Cumulative Water Use (inch)
2.00
1.75
1.50
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
Tifway
0.25
DT1
0.00
0
Raymer, 2011
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Days
Drought
• LGIS (Linear Gradient Irrigation System)
Drought
Shade
Shade
Nematodes
Nematodes
Nematodes
Digital Image Analysis
and Spectral Reflectance
Digital Image Analysis
and Spectral Reflectance
Digital Image Analysis
Digital Image Analysis
25%
68%
42%
93%
Spectral Reflectance
Spectral Reflectance
Dr. Glenn Burton - USDA
Tiflawn (1952)
Tifgreen (1956)
Tifway (1960)
Tifdwarf (1965)
Dr. Wayne Hanna USDA & UGA
Tifton 10 (1988)
TifSport (1997)
TifEagle (1999)
TifGrand (2009)
Ploidy Manipulation in Warm
Season Turfgrass Species
•
•
•
•
Increase Genetic Variation
Improve Vigor
Array of Phenotypic Variation in Crosses
Sterility
– Uniformity
– Genetic Purity for Sod Producers
– Energy NOT Used for Seed Development
Zoysiagrass
Ploidy Manipulation (2009)
• (4x) Tetraploid
• (8x) Octaploid
– 116 genotypes
Zoysiagrass
Ploidy Manipulation (2010)
• (6x) Hexaploid
– 203 genotypes
Zoysiagrass
Ploidy Manipulation (2011)
• (5x) Pentaploid
– 256 genotypes
• (7x) Septaploid
– 42 genotypes
Centipedegrass
Ploidy Manipulation (2009)
• (2x) Diploid
Centipedegrass
Ploidy Manipulation (2009)
• (4x) Tetraploid
– 1 genotype
• (2x + 4x) Cytochimera
– 1 genotype
• Ploidy of the induced tetraploid
became unstable during 2010
– Large crossing efforts during the summer of
2010 to stabilize ploidy in new seedlings
Centipedegrass
Ploidy Manipulation (2011)
• (4x) Tetraploid
– 21 genotypes
Centipedegrass
Ploidy Manipulation (2011)
• (3x) Triploid
– 3 genotypes
Seashore Paspalum
Ploidy Manipulation (2011)
Seashore Paspalum
Ploidy Manipulation (2011)
• (3x) Triploid
– 1 genotype
Zoysiagrass Breeding
BA433
‘Emerald’
‘Diamond’
‘Meyer’
Zoysiagrass
Zoysiagrass
Zoysiagrass
Collaboration
• Grant Funding
– USDA – NIFA – SCRI - CAPS
– Plant Genetics and Genomics to Improve
Drought and Salinity Tolerance for Sustainable
Turfgrass Production in the Southern United
States (Co-PD)
– 2010-2015
– $3.8 million ($225,000 to Tifton)
– Five Universities and 18 researchers
Collaboration
• Molecular Genetics
– Primary role has been to develop or supply
mapping populations, as well as plant, maintain,
and phenotype individuals for future
identification of genes or QTLs.
– JASHS 135:74-82
– JASHS 135:511-520
– Genetic Res & Crop Evol (DOI#10.1007/s10722011-9780-8)
– JASHS 136:211-218
– Crop Science 52:383-392
Collaboration
• Turfgrass Management
– Worked in collaboration to study the effect of
herbicides on turf establishment and
seedhead suppression. Research the
management and cultivar effects on golf,
sport field, and home lawn performance.
– J Plant Reg 6:71-74
– HortTechnology 22:94-98
– Weed Technology (In Press)
– Applied Turfgrass Science (Submitted)
Collaboration
• Ornamental Breeding
– Contributed to the breeding, screening, and
write-up of ornamental breeding projects at
UGA and Oregon State University.
– HortScience 45:132-134
– HortScience 45:135-138
– HortScience 45:316-319
– J Plant Reg 5:295-298
– U.S. Patent No. PP22254
Teaching (5%)
• Mr. Austin Grimshaw (MS Student)
– June 2011 to Present
– Further study of a naturally occurring
sethoxydim-resistant bermudagrass mutant
discovered in 2009 (Tim Grey, Patrick McCullough,
& Bill Vencill).
– Attempt to induce mutations which result in
ACCase herbicide resistance using tissue culture
(Wayne Parrott & Paul Raymer)
– Evaluate potential of nitrogen leaching from
three fertilizers in four growing mediums (Tim
Grey and Tim Murphy)
Bermudagrass
Teaching (5%)
• Mr. Austin Grimshaw (MS Student)
28 Day % Injury
120
100
% injury
80
60
93-175
T822
40
Tifway
20
0
0
-20
100
200
300
400
500
600
Grams Sethoxydim per Hectare
700
800
900
Teaching (5%)
• Mr. Eric Elsner (MS Student)
– August 2009 to Present
– Study of self- and cross-compatibility of a diverse
set of zoysiagrass genotypes using a full diallel
crossing scheme (Paul Raymer).
– Further study of inbreeding depression and
inbred line development in Zoysia spp. (Paul
Raymer)
– Research of the mechanisms of drought tolerance
exhibited by DT-1 bermudagrass, one of the most
advanced hybrids in the Tifton turfgrass breeding
program (Bob Carrow and Paul Raymer)
Zoysiagrass
DT-1 Bermudagrass
Service (0%)
• Annual Southeastern Turfgrass Conference
– Typically between 150 and 200 attendees
– 8 hours of pesticide CEUs and 0.6 GCSAA points
• 2010 and 2011 Invitational Golf Course Architect Turf Summits
– To date, 12 architects from 8 firms have traveled to Tifton and
Griffin for the annual summit
– Attempt to influence cultivar specification during golf course
design process
• Sunbelt Ag Expo - Turfgrass ID and Putt-Putt
– Presented information and recommendations on UGA developed
turf and forage varieties to ~45,000 people
• Turfgrass Identification Service
– Tested 61 unknown grass samples for growth habit and ploidy
level from 17 different golf course superintendents, sod farmers,
or individuals
– Offered to growers and users of grasses developed in Tifton
Questions???
Brian Schwartz
tifturf@uga.edu