Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of
Armed Forces (DCAF)
Civilian Role in
Defence and JHA
A
Accountability
t bilit
Dr. Philipp Fluri
Kathmandu, December 2009
WHO plays a role?
External Actors
Civil Society
Independent bodies
Judiciary
Security
Forces
2
WHAT to oversee?
• Legality
• Efficiency
• Operational
independence
• Use of public funds
• status
• Integrity
citizen’s
rights
fforces
rights 3
Prone to corruption
system –typical features
• Concentration of p
powers in the
executive
• Poor transparency and restricted
access to information
• Legislation allowing for
discretionary
d
sc et o a y decision
dec s o making
a
g
• Weak oversight and enforcement
• Social
S
tolerance/ weak public
control
4
Legal
g instruments
•
•
•
•
•
•
Freedom of information act
Codes of Conduct and Ethics
Budget &Procurement Control
Declarations of assets
Seizure of illicit earnings
Whistle blowers protection
5
Oversight instruments
• Televised Question Hour &debates
• Committee oversight: hearings,
inquiries, visits, reports
• Petitions
P titi
& human
h
rights
i ht
committees
• Strategic Alliances: Ombudsman,
National Audit Office,
Office Media,
Media CSOs
6
Types of
parliamentary
li
t
oversight
i ht
H
How?
?
Proactive
P
ti
R
Reactive
ti
(police patrols) (fire alarms)
When?
Ex Ante
Ex Post
Who?
Intra-party
(government
party)
t )
Inter-parties
(opposition)
7
DCAF IPU Handbook
• DCAF IPU
Handbook on
Parliamentary
Oversight of the
Security Sector
www dcaf ch
www.dcaf.ch
8