I t
Interconnect
t Routing
R ti Discovery
Di
Gateway, Service and Portability resolution with ENUM
Tim Ward
Timothy ward@neustar biz
Timothy.ward@neustar.biz
The GSMA’s PathFinder project, implemented and operated by
Neustar to support the hierarchical ENUM model described in
GSMA IR67, has been the basis for trials, pilots and early adopters
as IMS is deployed. This session will describe some of the lessons
learned and p
provide insight
g to the debates over the role of ENUM
as both a technology and a service, and how the original model
has evolved to support the diversity of number portability
implementations around the world.
A
Agenda
d
» Practical experience of ENUM for IMS interconnect
» Extending ENUM address resolution to service discovery
» Number portability and integration with existing
architectures
» ENUM to resolve evolution, migration and coexistence
» Demo
2
ENUM S
ENUM...
Some b
background
k
d
» Public ENUM
» Publish/Discover an address in a
public IP network... The internet
» Private ENUM
» Addressing within a closed
closed,
private network
» Private subnet addresses
» Carrier ENUM
» Addressing between networks
» IPX or interconnect addresses
» Address lookup...
» Gateway discovery
» Service discovery
y
» Attribute discovery
3
Public
Private
Carrier
Private
Wh t problems
What
bl
does
d
Carrier
C i ENUM solve?
l ?
» Scaling .... How to maintain numbering and addressing for over 8000
operators
3 or 4 per country + national fixed + international....Interconnect voice to 200
countries
» 100-1500
100 1500 operators per country
country... 8000 globally,
globally 1.6M
1 6M specific number blocks
» Voice and SMS... And MMS -> 10 or more services
» 20-30 interconnects -> thousands of ilogical nterconnect
»
» Technology Migration... Is the called number circuit or IMS?
» Interconnect information management... Mechanism to allow
interconnect partners to request dynamic information
» Control operational costs... Automate manual processes that have
become more complex
» Integration of new interconnect services... Mapping of number into any
service identifier
4
© Neustar, Inc. / Proprietary and Confidential
IMS Interconnect
I t
t - ENUM
» Theory... Function in IP, based on DNS to
support E164 numbers
» Practice... Service to enable technology
transition and coexistence
»
»
»
»
»
»
5
Number to URI translation
Existence – does a service exist for this
number?
E
Exception
ti routing
ti – which
hi h S
System?
t ?
Technology? Service?
Address and route translation
Number Portability
Complement SS7 SIP and DIAMETER for
query/response
Carrier IPX
URI?
Operator
Service?
System?
Route?
Operator
Translate?
Operator
I l
Implementation
t ti
»
Is the ENUM system supporting private or carrier clients?
»
»
»
»
»
Supporting ENUM with DNS technology
»
»
»
$ORIGIN 0.0.7.7.4.4.e164enum.net.
3.2.1.0.0.9 IN NS dns1.mnc001.mcc234.3gppnetwork.org
NS and NAPTR records
Integration of number portability
»
»
»
Number block polution
Fragmentation
Support for recursion...
»
»
Which addressing realm?
Are the clients trusted?
Policy based responses?
Billing Dispute resolution
Billing,
resolution, support
Requirement
Req
irement to map routing
ro ting number
n mber or prefi
prefix into Name Ser
Server
er URI
Allow subscribers to port from non-IMS to IMS
Support ENUM REGEX data format
$ORIGIN 0.0.7.7.4.4.e164enum.net.
3.2.1.0.0.9 NAPTR 100 10 "u" "E2U+SIP"
"!^.*$!sip:\\1@ims.mnc001.mcc234.3gppnetwork.org;user=phone!" .
NAPTR 100 10 "u" "E2U+SIP“
"!^.*$!sip:+447700900123@ims.mnc001.mcc234.3gppnetwork.org;user=phone!" .
6
S
Service
i Discovery
Di
» ENUM service records... Identify specific gateway URI for each service
type
» Multiple service specific records
»
»
E2U+sip, E2U+im, E2U+MMS:mailto, E2U+pres, E2U+pstn:sip, E2U+pstn:tel,
E2U+sms:mailto, E2U+h323, ….
Use of context attributes
»
User=phone, npdi, wireless=y, sigtran=ver
$ORIGIN 0.0.7.7.4.4.e164enum.net.
3.2.1.0.0.9
NAPTR 100 10 "u" "E2U+SIP"
"!^.*$!sip:+447700900123@ims.mnc001.mcc234.3gppnetwork.org;user=phone!" .
NAPTR 100 10 "u" "E2U+PSTN:SIP"
"!^.*$!sip:+447700900123@sip-i.mnc001.mcc234.3gppnetwork.org!"
$ p
@ p
gpp
g .
NAPTR 100 10 "u" "E2U+MMS:mailto"
"!^.*$!mailto:+447700900123/TYPE=PLMN@mnc001.mcc234.3gppnetwork.org!" .
7
Number
N
b P
Portability
t bilit
– supporting
pp
g local regulatory
g
y strategy
gy
» Initial proposals in IR67 proposed
authoratitive hierarchical tiers
» T0 – Global
Gl b l name server
directory based on country code
» T1 – National name server
di t i b
directories
based
d on number
b
block allocation including NP
exceptions
» T2 – Operator
O
t NAPTR server
with service gateway URIs
» Revised flexible model allowing
country
t and
d operator
t level
l
l options
ti
» Global number block directory
» Central,, regional
g
or operator
p
NP
correction records
8
E l ti
Evolution,
Migration
Mi
ti and
d Coexistence
C
i t
» E164 number remains the global identifier
Which services does it support?
» Which
Whi h iinterconnect
t
t ttechnology
h l
should
h ld b
be used
d tto access it?
» Which gateway should be used, and are there alternatives?
»
» Mechanism to discover destination attributes
Attributes can be pre agreed, negotiated or discovered
» Routing decisions may be different for different attributes
» Does it need transcoding?
» Does it need differentiated QOS?
»
» Other end to end information?
Termination
T
i ti class
l
» Premium rate
» Subscriber p
preferences
»
9
Th k you
Thank
Timothy.ward@neustar.biz
10
;; QUESTION SECTION: ;2.1.3.5.0.0.0.1.0.2.6.8.3.e164enum.net. IN NAPTR ;;
ANSWER SECTION:
2.1.3.5.0.0.0.1.0.2.6.8.3.e164enum.net.
2
1 3 5 0 0 0 1 0 2 6 8 3 e164enum net 900 IN NAPTR 10 1 "u"
u "E2U+sip"
E2U+sip
"!^(.*)$!sip:\\1@ims.mnc41.mcc293.3gppnetwork.org\;user=voice!" . ;;
2.0.3.5.0.0.0.1.0.2.6.8.3.e164enum.net. 900 IN NAPTR 10 1 "u" "E2U+sip"
p
"!^(.*)$!sip:\\1@iskratel.com\;user=voice!" .
2.0.3.5.0.0.0.1.0.2.6.8.3.e164enum.net. 900 IN NAPTR 10 1 "u" "E2U+sms:mailto"
"!^( *)$!
"!^(.*)$!sms:\\1@mail.iskratel.com!"
\\1@ il i k t l
!" . ;;
0.1.3.5.0.0.0.1.0.2.6.8.3.e164enum.net. 900 IN NAPTR 10 1 "u" "E2U+sip"
"!^(
! (.*)$!sip:3862010005310@10
)$!sip:3862010005310@10.10.132.2!
10 132 2!" .
AUTHORITY SECTION:
0.1.0.2.6.8.3.e164enum.net. 900 IN NS ns1.iskratel.com. 0.1.0.2.6.8.3.e164enum.net. 900 IN NS
ns2.iskratel.com.
11
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