The University of Maryland Extension Agriculture and Natural Resources Profitability Impact Team
proudly presents this bi-weekly publication for the commercial vegetable and fruit industry.
Volume 3 Issue 1 April 12, 2012
Field Observations from
Southern Maryland
Spring Observations from
WyeREC
By Ben Beale
Extension Educator & CED, Agriculture
St. Mary’s County, UME
bbeale@umd.edu
 Current crop status is a story by itself. Most crops are 23 weeks ahead of schedule. Dry conditions across the
region are carrying the headlines now.
 Peaches, blueberries, and other fruit crops are either
past or in full bloom. These crops will remain at higher
risk for frost damage; hopefully, we are mostly out of
the woods now. First harvest of Sweet Charlie variety
strawberries occurred last week. Botrytis has shown up
on berries in many strawberry fields.
 Asparagus harvest is in full swing. Early sweet corn
under plastic has been up for 3-4 weeks and is
approaching 1 foot in height.
 The dry weather is slowing the progress of laying plastic
mulch. Most plastic is down and transplants are ready
for the field. Those who waited to lay plastic mulch are
struggling with the dry, windy conditions. There are a
few risk takers who have stuck out some peppers and
squash.
 Greenhouse crops are moving
quickly, both in growth and
sales. The warmer weather has
really helped with early sales.
Tomatoes in high tunnels are
setting fruit and look good so
far this year.
 No major pest problems as of yet; There are reports of
damage from seed corn maggots on cool season crops.
By Michael Newell
Horticultural Crop Program
Manager, UME
mnewell@umd.edu
Tree Fruits
Like many other regions, the warm March
temperatures increased bloom earliness by 2 -3 weeks.
This early bloom increases the risk of cold damage for a
longer period. Thinning operations at flowering is more
risky and frost/freeze protection in orchards is difficult.
Unfortunately for peaches, flower thinning is the best
time to thin chemically or mechanically. I did not apply
my usual attempt at chemical blossom thinning. This
means more hand thinning later on. On a positive note,
Asian pear bloom is completed and we did not have a
FireBlight infection event according to MaryBlyt model.
Apples are in bloom now.
Strawberry Plasticulture
We harvested our first field Sweet Charlie fruit on April
4th. Chandler is at bloom to small green fruit stage.
General nutrition requirement for Chandler is 5 pounds
of nitrogen per acre per week during bloom and harvest.
The only sure method of knowing the nutritional
requirements is to do tissue and petiole sampling for
analysis. Using calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate to
meet the nutrient needs is a good combination. Some
reports indicate that a ratio of 2:1, potassium to
nitrogen can improve flavors.
We need to keep an eye on the weather forecast for
continued chances of frost/ freeze events. We need to
be ready to deploy floating row covers and/or have our
irrigation ready and tested before it is needed. If you are
not familiar with using irrigation for cold protection
please call me to discuss the advantages and possible
failures associated with this method.
Plan to attend the 2012 Strawberry Twilight
meeting on Wednesday May 9th from 6-8:00PM.
See registration details in on page 8.
Local Governments • U.S. Department of Agriculture
It is the policy of the University of Maryland, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station, and University of
Maryland Extension that all persons have equal opportunity and access to programs and facilities without regard to race, color, gender, religion, national origin,
sexual orientation, age, marital or parental status, or disability.
Cabbage
Imported cabbage worm (ICW) and diamondback moths
(DBM) can be found laying eggs in recently planted
fields. Be sure to begin scouting fields within a week of
transplanting for recently hatched larvae. As a general
guideline, a treatment is recommended if you find 5% of
the plants infested with larvae. If DBM is the
predominant species, be sure to select an insecticide for
this insect pest since it can be difficult to control.
Materials labeled on DBM include Avaunt, Coragen, the
Bt insecticides, Proclaim, Rimon, Radiant, Synapse,
Vetica, and Voliam Xpress.
Strawberries, Row Covers
& Freeze Protection
Gordon Johnson, Extension Vegetable &
Fruit Specialist gcjohn@udel.edu
Row cover management in plasticulture strawberries
has been difficult this year due to the mild winter. In
normal winters, row covers applied in December serve
as winter protection to limit stand losses, dessication
damage, and low temperature damage to buds. While
plants are in a dormant state or when buds are not yet
active in strawberries, the buds can tolerate
temperatures down to 10°F.
Peas
This week’s weather has been favorable for aphid
development so be sure to sample for pea aphids as
soon as small seedlings emerge. On small plants, you
should sample for aphids by counting the number of
aphids on 10 plants in 10 locations throughout a field.
On larger plants, take 10 sweeps in 10 locations. As a
general guideline, a treatment is recommended if you
find 5-10 aphids per plant or 50 or more aphids per
sweep. In general, aphid development is favored by
cool, dry weather which slows beneficial activity but is
favorable for the development of aphids. Insecticide
Label Updates for Vegetable Crops
Removing row covers during warmer winter periods can
help to delay bud activity and reduce susceptibility to
later freezes. Replace row covers in times when freezes
are expected. Highest yield potentials are usually
obtained by uncovering and covering in the late winter
and spring based on expected temperatures when
compared to the practice of keeping row covers on
continuously into the flowering stage.
Once buds have begun to emerge, even when tight,
they can only tolerate temperatures down to 22°F. As
they begin to open, the critical temperature for damage
increases (popcorn stage 26°F, open blossom 30°F).
Potatoes
Please note that there is no longer a Special Local
Needs 24C Label for the use of Diazinon AG500 for
wireworm management in potatoes in Delaware. This
label has been cancelled by the manufacturer so it is no
longer legal to use diazinon on potatoes in Delaware.
For growers that have not been taking row covers on
and off and will be leaving them on until bloom, the
potential for losses due to freeze events will be greater
during March due to the increased bud activity. Prior to
forecasted freeze events, check the plant bud stage, and
apply additional freeze production to limit losses. This
may include double covering with row covers (2 layers),
or the use of low volume sprinklers through the night
and into the morning as a frost protection over the row
covers. Loss of buds or flowers due to freeze events will
reduce yields and profits substantially. A single 1.2
ounce floating row cover will give about 4 degrees of
protection.
Besiege and Voliam Xpress Labels
Syngenta Crop Protection recently announced that
succulent beans (peas and beans) and sweet corn have
been removed from the federal Voliam Xpress label and
have been added to the federal Besiege label (you will
see this change in the labels currently posted on cdms).
We also have the state label for Besiege in Delaware
which includes sweet corn and succulent beans (as a
reminder — you need both a state and federal label to
apply any product). It is my understanding that all
states will eventually have a Besiege state label that
includes sweet corn and succulent beans; however, you
will need to contact your state Department of Agriculture
to determine when this will occur in other states. At this
point, Syngenta has indicated that sweet corn and
succulent beans will eventually be pulled in all states
from the Voliam Xpress label. However, they will not be
producing any new Voliam Xpress until September 2012
with the new label. So existing stocks of Voliam Xpress
that have sweet corn and succulent beans on the label
should be OK to use until new product is in the market
place – be sure to check with your Department of
Agriculture for confirmation as well as read the label on
the container – the label is the law. At this point, all
other vegetable crops (except sweet corn and succulent
beans) will remain on the Voliam Xpress label.
Vegetable Crop
Update
Vegetable Crop Insects –
Joanne Whalen, Extension IPM
Specialist
jwhalen@udel.edu
Asparagus
The first asparagus beetles are now active. Since harvest
has started, be sure to check for asparagus beetles
laying eggs on asparagus spears. As a general guideline,
a treatment is recommended if 2% of the spears are
infested with eggs. Since adults will also feed on the
spears, a treatment is recommended if 5% of the plants
are infested with adults.
2
Besiege Federal Label Currently on cdms at:
http://www.cdms.net/LDat/ldA7G007.pdf
A label expansion for Cabrio lists management
of stem rots caused by Rhizoctonia and
Sclerotinia and Southern blight (Sclerotium
rolfsii) on tomato, pepper and eggplant.
Voliam Xpress Label Currently on cdms at:
http://www.cdms.net/LDat/ld8N5003.pdf
Vegetables Added to the Belt Insecticide Label
Bayer Crop Science recently announced that a number
of vegetables have been added to the Belt insecticide
label. The insecticide product Synapse, which also
contains the same active ingredient as Belt,
flubendiamide, will be phased out. Once the Synapse
inventory is depleted, Bayer will carry only Belt as their
flubendiamide product. Please see the Belt label for
crops labeled, use rates and restrictions at:
Fontelis has received a label for many
vegetables including brassicas (Alternaria, gray
mold, powdery mildew, Sclerotinia); tomato and
other fruiting vegetables (early blight, gray
mold, powdery mildew, Septoria leaf spot, etc.);
Leafy vegetables (Alternaria, Cercospora,
Septoria, etc.); Legume crops (Alternaria,
anthracnose, Ascochyta, Botrytis, etc.); and
some root vegetables (early blight, Cercospora
leaf spot, Sclerotium rolfsii, etc.)
http://www.cdms.net/LDat/ld8LJ012.pdf
Vegetable Fungicide Updates
for 2012
Luna Experience has now received a label for
use on watermelon in both DE and MD. Diseases
on the label include gummy stem blight,
anthracnose, and powdery mildew.
By Kate Everts, Vegetable Pathologist,
University of Delaware and University of
Maryland; keverts@umd.edu
Meteor is a new fungicide from United
Phosphorus, Inc, with the active ingredient of
iprodione. It is labeled for beans (white and grey
mold), broccoli, carrots, Chinese mustard, bulb
dry onions, garlic and lettuce (drop and bottom
rot). See label for more details. There are other
fungicides that are labeled for similar diseases
on vegetables with the same active ingredient,
such as Rovral.
The following is a very brief overview of recent
registrations and new updates that may be of use to
vegetable growers in 2012. This is not meant to be a
comprehensive list. Also, I have not run research trials
for most of these product uses, and therefore cannot
say anything about efficacy in comparison to other
products. Remember to follow all label directions
carefully. Before use, check each label for rates,
information on resistance management, tank mix
incompatibilities and other information.
Micora is a newly registered fungicide labeled for
greenhouse transplant production including
fruiting and leafy vegetables. It can be used for
late blight on tomato transplants.
Prophyte and some other phosphorous acid
fungicides are available for use on bean cottony
leak (Pythium cottony leak).
Spotted Winged Drosophila (SWD)
Reminder
Quintec now has a Section 2ee label for the
suppression of bacterial leaf spot on pepper in
some states in the mid-Atlantic (including DE
and MD, but not PA).
By Bryan Butler
Senior Agent, Carroll County & Mid-Maryland Tree
Fruit Agent, UME
Both chlorothalonil and Manzate Pro Stick labels
have added anthracnose fruit rot on pepper.
Just a reminder for those growing
strawberries that have fruit
developing. It would be a good idea
to get your traps up and begin to
look for SWD. We really do not know
what to expect this year but I feel it
will be important not to let this pest
get ahead of you and become
strongly established in your
operation.
The Ranman label now includes spinach white
rust as well as club root and downy mildew of
cole crops (brassicas).
Quilt Xcel and Stratego YLD are labeled for
sweet corn rust.
A new Omri approved copper, Nordox, has a
broad label that includes many vegetables and
use in the greenhouse on some crops.
Quash fungicide is labeled on potato and sweet
potato for many diseases including early blight
and white mold.
SWD trap
At this time we do not have thresholds level but
monitoring for presence or absence will provide valuable
inform as you move through the season. Bait traps with
3
apple cider vinegar and a drop of non-scented liquid dish
soap. Place traps in the field not on the outer edges.
For control if they are present field tests performed in
the Pacific Northwest in 2010 suggest that the
organophosphate (Malathion®) and pyrethroid
(Brigade®) will provide approximately 7-10 days of
control, while Radiant® (spinetoram) will provide 5-7
days of control.
See the attached Penn State Pest Alert for SWD
on pages 9-10.
Monitor for Spotted Wing
Drosophila in Strawberry and
Brambles This Year
Jerry Brust, IPM Vegetable Specialist
University of Maryland; jbrust@umd.edu
Photo 1. SWD adult male
By now everyone should know that the newest invasive
pest, the spotted wing drosophila (SWD), is here in the
mid-Atlantic. It was found heavily infesting blackberries
and raspberries in central Maryland this past summer
and fall. Just about everywhere we trapped for it (I am
still trapping adults in February in brambles, SWD
overwinter as adults) we have found it on the western
shore. We know it is on the eastern shore through
trapping efforts by the University of Delaware. What we
do not know about the eastern shore is how bad SWD
infestations might be this coming season. The first crop
that may get hit is strawberries. Information from
Oregon and Michigan shows that their strawberries are
not attacked to any great extent, but we DO NOT know
what the fly may do to our strawberry crop. That is why
it would be prudent to put SWD traps out and monitor
for the adult flies. Males have a spot at the end of their
wings (Photo 1), females do not (Photo 2), but the
females do have a strong ovipositor they use to saw into
non ripe fruit and lay their eggs—which is why they are
such a devastating pest.
Photo 2. SWD adult female
Most growers we visited did not think they had SWD
on their farm and yet we found it everywhere we
looked. The damage is often mistaken for early rotting
berries or fruit (Photo 3). Early control is essential, if this
fly is allowed to build its population through the summer
into the early fall it will be very difficult to control and
will be present on your farm basically forever. There are
several web sites you can use to build your own traps
(just Google spotted wing drosophila traps), or you
could ask for help from me or your Extension educator
about trapping. The key is to use a very common,
inexpensive product as bait in the traps – apple cider
vinegar. Traps should be placed in the field within the
plant canopy, out of the sun if possible, and checked
once a week for flies. Some traps should be located near
the edge of the strawberry field and others along a
woods edge. There will be many fly species in the trap,
if you are not sure you have SWD take it to your local
Extension educator for identification.
Photo 3. SWD damage to blackberries
4
Missed the 2012
Bay Area Fruit School?
View the On-line Sessions at
QACTV
By Michael Newell
Horticultural Crop Program Manager,
UME
mnewell@umd.edu
Production Websites to Bookmark
By Shannon Dill,
UME Extension Educator, Talbot County
Aronia, Something for Maryland Growers?
presented at the Annual WREC Bay Fruit School by Mr.
Andrew Ristvey, Agent & Extension Horticulture
Specialist, UME
“The web” is where many of us go to get up-to-date
information. At times it can be frustrating trying to find
the site or information you need. Below are some great
farm production websites that you may find helpful if
you have not already visited or bookmarked.
http://origin.peg.tv/pegtv_player?id=affiliate1&video=50955
Research Update on Fire Blight Tolerance; Apple
Cultivar/Rootstock Interactions presented at the
Annual WREC Bay Fruit School by Mr. David Myers, Sr.
Agent, Extension Educator, UME Anne Arundel County
Production
• www.extension.umd.edu Extension Website,
publications, events
• www.mdvegetables.umd.edu Vegetable
production website
• www.mdcrops.umd.edu Field Crop production
website, including variety trials, agronomy news
• www.mdgrainmarketing.umd.edu Crop budgets,
market information, leases, custom rates
http://origin.peg.tv/pegtv_player?id=affiliate1&video=51167
Food Safety - What Direct marketers Need to
Know presented at the Annual WREC Bay Fruit School
by Ms. Donna Pahl, Faculty Research Assistant,
University of MD Agriculture & Natural Resources.
http://origin.peg.tv/pegtv_player?id=affiliate1&video=51163
Bee Pollinator Concerns - An Update presented at
the Annual WREC Bay Fruit School by Mr. Michael
Embrey, Apiary Specialist, UM Wye Research &
Education Center.
Pesticide Recommendations
•
–
•
Fruit School by Mr. Bryan Butler, Senior Agent,
Agriculture & Natural Resources, UME Carroll County.
http://origin.peg.tv/pegtv_player?id=affiliate1&video=51182
http://ag.udel.edu/extension/vegprogram/publicati
ons.htm#vegrecs
Spotted Wing Drosophila; Monitoring,
Identification and Recommendations for Control
presented at the Annual WREC Bay Fruit School by Mr.
Bryan Butler, Senior Agent, Agriculture & Natural
Resources, UME Carroll County.
Commercial Field Crop Recommendations
EB 237
–
•
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Update & Control
Recommendations presented at the Annual WREC Bay
http://www.mdvegetables.umd.edu/files/Maryland
%20complete%20book%202012.pdf
Also available in a new very interactive
format at the Delaware Extension site at:
–
•
http://origin.peg.tv/pegtv_player?id=affiliate1&video=51173
Commercial Vegetable Production
Recommendations Maryland EB 236
http://extension.umd.edu/publications/EB237onlin
e/
http://origin.peg.tv/pegtv_player?id=affiliate1&video=51183
Commercial Tree Fruit
–
GEORGE HARVEY
Station Manager
PUBLIC INFORMATION - QACTV
107 N Liberty St.
Centreville, MD 21617
443.262.4610
f:410.758.4499
www.qactv.com<http://www.qactv.com>
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/456/456-419/456-419.html
Pesticide Labels
• http://www.cdms.net/ Crop Data Management
Systems CDMS
• www.greenbook.net Pesticide Labels and
Information
• www.kellysolutions.com/md/ Pesticide
Registration Database
5
Spray Programs
for
Multi-Tree Fruit
Orchards
By R. David Myers
Extension Educator
myersrd@umd.edu
Welcome to the Maryland Grapes & Fruit
Research and Extension Page
Many local orchards are composed of multi-tree fruit
combinations producing for fresh market apples,
peaches, pears, plums, nectarines, and cherries.
Aggressive fruit tree spray programs are required to
achieve high quality fruit. These multi-tree fruit
orchards create many spray management challenges for
the achievement of good pest control in accordance to
label guidelines.
Statewide Extension and
research programs in
viticulture (grape growing),
enology (winemaking), and
tree and small fruits are being
created and implemented at
the Western Maryland
Research & Education Center
(WMREC) by Dr. Joseph A.
Fiola, Viticulture and Small
Fruit Specialist.
Dr. Fiola has over 20 years of
academic and industry
experience in research and
extension in viticulture and
enology.
Therefore, the following multi-tree fruit orchard spray
program for the control of major tree fruit pests and
diseases may offer some assistance: Labeled as noted in
2012 for All Tree Fruit – Pomes: Apples & Pears Stones:
Peaches, Plums, Nectarines, and Cherries.
2012 Tree Fruit Spray Guide Available for download at:
http://annearundel.umd.edu/AGNR/files/MultiTreeFruitSpray
SheetMyers2012.pdf
See Attachment – Page 11
Fruit Resources at:
Spray Programs for
Multi-Small Fruit
Plantings
http://www.grapesandfruit.umd.edu/index.html
By R. David Myers
Extension Educator
myersrd@umd.edu
Commercial 2012
Vegetable Production
Recommendations
Maryland EB 236
Many local farms are composed of multi-small fruit
combinations producing for fresh market blackberries,
raspberries, blueberries, strawberries and grapes.
Aggressive fruit spray programs are required to achieve
high quality fruit. These multi-small fruit plantings
create many spray management challenges for the
achievement of good pest control in accordance to label
guidelines.
On-Line at:
http://www.mdvegetables.umd.edu/files/Maryl
and%20complete%20book%202012.pdf
Therefore, the following multi-small fruit spray
program for the control of major small fruit pests and
diseases may offer some assistance :Labeled as noted in
Also available in a new very interactive format
at the Delaware Extension site at:
2012 for All Small Fruit – Strawberries, Brambles:
Blackberries, Raspberries, Blueberries, and Grapes.
2012 Small Fruit Spray Guide Available for download at:
http://annearundel.umd.edu/AGNR/files/MultiSmallFruitSpra
ySheetMyers2012.pdf
See Attachment –Page 12
http://ag.udel.edu/extension/vegprogram/publ
ications.htm#vegrecs
6
Producer’s Digital
Toolbox Seminars
Learning Objective:
This seminar will assist you in capitalizing
on the hardware and digital tools now
available through the internet. 3 courses
packaged into a 1 day seminar that are
offered at 4 locations. It
will cover topics on:
 Digital Databases - Getting Your Business Listed —
How to enter their business information in the 8-9
digital databases, such as Google Maps and others.
 Fingertip Marketing for Portable Devices —
Incorporating digital service and application into your
marketing plan.
 Apps, and Social & Professional Applications — An
introduction to the basics of Facebook, Twitter, and
LinkedIn for businesses. This seminar will explore
basic fundamentals of popular social networking sites,
examples of use, and the potential benefits social
media could bring to your business and community.
Time: 8:30 AM - 1:30 PM
Cost: $40.00 per person (includes lunch and course
materials)
Dates & Locations:
Cover Crop Twilight Meeting
April 25, 2012
University of Maryland
Central MD Research and Education Center,
Clarksville, MD
4240 Folly Quarter Road
Ellicott City, Maryland
5:30 P.-7:30 PM
Dr. Ray Weil and Natalie Lounsbury of the University
of Maryland will give a tour of their experimental plots
using forage radish, spring oats and other winterkilled
cover crops for early spring vegetable planting without
herbicides.
The experiment includes tilled and no-till treatments
and a variety of early spring vegetables. There will be
equipment demos of modified push seeders for no-till
planting and Dr. Weil will demonstrate how to take soil
samples for nutrient analysis and new field techniques
for measuring nitrate, potassium and pH in the field. Use
of the pre-sidedress nitrate test for vegetable production
will be discussed. Refreshments and seed samples will
be provided.
April 20, 2012
Chesapeake College, Building: Economic Development Center,
Room #: EDC-27 Routes 50 & 213, Wye Mills, MD 21679
Directions:
http://www.chesapeake.edu/about/mindir_main.asp
Campus Map:
http://www.chesapeake.edu/locator/locmap4.asp
Contact: Shannon Dill - sdill@umd.edu
Registration Deadline: April 11, 2012
May 10, 2012
Hagerstown Community College, Building: Career Programs
Building, Room #: CPB142 11400 Robinwood Dr.,
Hagerstown, MD 21742
Directions: http://www.hagerstowncc.edu/about-hcc/ourlocations/hcc-main-campus/map
Campus Map:
http://www.hagerstowncc.edu/sites/default/files/document
s/1201-campus-map.pdf
Contact: Shannon Dill - sdill@umd.edu
Registration Deadline: May 1, 2012
Schedule:
5:30-6:30 Field Tour, equipment demos and soil
sampling
6:30-6:40 Move indoors and get refreshments
6:40-7:00 Presentation by Natalie Lounsbury.
Discussion of the effect of cover crop and
tillage on soil moisture, temperature, nitrate,
sulfate and early vegetable crop growth
(grower experiences)
7:00-7:30 Presentation by Ray Weil on using the presidedress nitrate test for vegetable production
and demonstration of field techniques for measuring
nutrients
This meeting will count for 2 hours of Nutrient
Management Voucher credit.
May 15, 2012
Cecil College - Elkton Station Campus Building: Elkton Station,
Room #: 303 107 Railroad Avenue, Elton MD 21921
Campus Map: Contact: Shannon Dill - sdill@umd.edu
Registration Deadline: May 6, 2012
Registration: You must pre-register! No walk-ins will be
accepted. Register for the dateand location by going to:
http://agnradmin.umd.edu/training/description.cfm?ID=179
You will need to mail your check, and make it payable to
“EAC” to:
University of Maryland Extension - Talbot Office
Producer’s Digital Toolbox
28577 Mary’s Court, Suite 1
Easton, Maryland 21601
For more information about this program please contact:
Shannon Dill sdill@umd.edu
Ginger S. Myers gsmyers@umd.edu
Jonathan Kays jkays@umd.edu
To register please call the University of Maryland
Extension Carroll County Office at 410-386-2760 or send
an e-mail to chill1@umd.edu with attendee name(s) and
telephone number(s).
If you need special assistance to participate in this
program, please contact the University of Maryland
Extension Carroll County office at 410-386-2760 before
April 11, 2012.
7
Vegetable & Fruit Headline News
A bi-weekly publication for the commercial vegetable
and fruit industry available electronically in 2012 from
April through September on the following dates: April12 &
26; May 10 & 24; June 7 & 21; July 12 & 26; August 16; September 6
2012 Strawberry Twilight Meeting
Wednesday May 9th
6:00 – 8:00 PM
Wye Research and Education Center
211 Farm Lane
Queenstown MD
Published by the University of Maryland
Extension Agriculture and Natural Resources
Profitability Impact Team
Submit Articles to:
Editor,
R. David Myers, Extension Educator
Agriculture and Natural Resources
7320 Ritchie Highway, Suite 210
Glen Burnie, MD 21061
410 222-6759
The 2012 Strawberry Twilight Meeting at the Wye
Research and Education Center will be held Wednesday,
May 9, 2012 from 6:00-8:00 PM, rain or shine, at the
Farm Operations Complex, 211 Farm Lane, Queenstown,
MD. Directional signs will be posted.
myersrd@umd.edu
Article submission deadlines for 2012: April 11 & 25;
May 9 & 23; June 6 & 20; July 11 & 25; August 15; September 5
You'll hear University of Maryland and USDA small fruit
experts discuss the current season's challenges and the
impact that the new fruit pest may have on the industry.
You'll see: USDA Moveable High Tunnel plots with
plasticulture strawberry production; University of MD
Strawberry High Tunnel plots with table top production
demonstration and bio-fumigation trial; and Outdoor
Plasticulture Fertility Trial plots with Chandler
strawberries.
We hope you can join us for an informative evening.
Pre-registration is not necessary. Refreshments will be
served.
For additional program information, contact Mike Newell,
mnewell@umd.edu, 410-827-7388. If you need special
assistance to attend this program, please contact Debby
Dant, ddant@umd.edu, 410-827-8056, no
later than May 2, 2012.
See the Attachments!
Note: Registered Trade Mark® Products, Manufacturers, or Companies
mentioned within this newsletter are not to be considered as sole
endorsements. The information has been provided for educational
purposes only.
8
Spray Program for
Multi-Tree Fruit Orchards
Many local orchards are composed of multi-fruit combinations producing
for fresh market apples, peaches, pears, plums, nectarines, and cherries.
Aggressive fruit tree spray programs are required to achieve high quality fruit.
These multi-fruit orchards create many spray management challenges for the
achievement of good pest control in accordance to label guidelines.
Therefore, the following multi-fruit orchard spray program for the control of
major tree fruit pests and diseases may offer some assistance: Labeled as
noted in 2012 for All Tree Fruit – Pomes: Apples & Pears Stones:
Peaches, Plums, Nectarines, and Cherries.
FUNGICIDES: [FRAC]
*RATE
NOTES
Captan 80WDG [M4]
3-5.0 lbs General Protectant
(Not Labeled for Pears; Reduce Rates for Cherries)
Dormant Oil [NC]
4.0 gal
Apply Temp 35-85 F
Kocide DF [M1]
6.0 lbs
Other Fixed Coppers
(Stones: Dormant Spray Only)
Rally 40W [3]
4.0 ozs
Powdery Mildew
Sulfur 95W [M2]
3.0 lbs
General Protectant
Gem 500 SC [11]
3.0 ozs
Brown Rot & Peach Scab
(Stones Only)
or
Adamant 50WG [3/11]
6.0 ozs
Brown Rot, Peach Scab &
(Stones Except Plums)
Powdery Mildew
Pristine [7/11] or
14.5 ozs
Brown Rot, Powdery
(Limited to 4 Sprays/Season
Mildew, Scab, Rusts &
With Only 2 Consecutively)
Fruit Spots
Indar 2F [3]
6.0 ozs
Powdery Mildew & Rusts
Topsin-M 70W [1]
8.0 ozs
General Protectant
Ziram 76DF [M3]
5.0 lbs
Dormant Peach Leaf Curl
(Captan Substitute for Pears)
General Protectant
Agrimycin 17 W
24.0 ozs
Fireblight Control
(Apples & Pears Only)
INSECTICIDES: [IRAC]
Imidan 70W [1A]
*RATE
2.0 lbs
NOTES
Curculio, Scale &
Fruit Moths
Borers, Curculio &
Fruit Moths
Warrior [3]
4.0 ozs
or
Tombstone [3]
2.0 ozs
Actara [4A]
4.5 ozs
Aphids & Curculio
Lorsban 4E [1B]
1.5 qts
Dormant & Trunk Borer
Acramite 50WS [25]
1.0 lbs
Mites Only
Sevin 50W [1A]
4.0 lbs
Japanese Beetles,
(Apple Thinning Agent)
Hornets & Sap Beetles
*Rate for 50-100gal Acre Concentrate Spray
**Be sure to follow all labels closely for PHI and REI!
Multi-Fruit Spray Calendar*
March 15 -
April 5 April 15 -
April 25 -
May 5 -
May 15 -
Dormant Spray
Dormant Oil 4.0 gal (Scales & Mites)
Kocide DF 6.0 lbs
Lorsban 4E 1.5 qts (Mites)
Peach Bloom
Apple Tight Cluster
Captan 80WDG 3.0 lbs
Peach Petal Fall
Apple Bloom
Captan 50W 3.0 lbs
Indar 2F 6.0 ozs
Agrimycin 17 W 24.0 ozs (Fireblight Control Add for
Apples & Pears Only)
Peach Shuck Split
Apple Petal Fall
Pristine 14.5 ozs
Warrior 4.0 ozs (Curculio)
Agrimycin 17 W 24.0 ozs (Fireblight Control Add for
Apples & Pears Only)
1st Cover Spray
Captan 80WDG 4.0 lbs (Cedar Apple Rust - Higher
Rates for Wetter Conditions)
Indar 2F 6.0 ozs (Powdery Mildew & Rusts)
Actara 4.5 ozs (Curculio & Aphids; PHI: 35- Days
Pomes, 14-Days Stones)
2nd Cover Spray
Captan 80WDG 3-4.0 lbs
Rally 40W 4.0 ozs (Peach Rusty Spot Only)
Warrior 4.0 ozs (Curculio; PHI 21-Days Pomes,
14-days Stones)
3rd Cover Spray
Captan 80WDG 3-4.0 lbs
Topsin-M 70W 8.0 ozs(Apple Scab Resistance Likely)
Imidan 70W 2.0 lbs (Curculio, Scale & Fruit Moths;
PHI: 7-Days Pomes, 14-Days Stones)
Acramite 50WS 1.0 lbs (For Mites if Required PHI:
7-Days Pomes, 3-Days Stones)
June 15 4th Cover Spray
Captan 80WDG 3-4.0 lbs
Sulfur 95W 3.0 lbs (0-day PHI; Stones Only)
Tombstone 2.0 ozs (Borers, Curculio & Fruit Moths –
7-day PHI)
July 15th Cover Spray
Early Peach Harvest
Captan 80WDG 3-4.0 lbs (0-day PHI; 1-day REI); or
Pristine 14.5 ozs (Early Stones 0-day PHI; Limited to
4 Sprays/Season With Only 2 Consecutively)
Tombstone 2.0 ozs (Borers, Curculio & Fruit Moths –
7-Day PHI)
July 15 6th Cover Spray
Peach Harvests
Captan 80WDG 3-4.0 lbs (0-day PHI; 1-day REI); or
Pristine 14.5 ozs (Stones 0-day PHI)
Sevin 50W 4.0 lbs (Japanese Beetle & Moths –
3-Day PHI for All Fruit)
August 17th Cover Spray
Peach Harvests
Captan 80WDG 4.0 lbs (0-day PHI; 1-day REI); or
Pristine 14.5 ozs (Early Pomes 0-day PHI)
Sevin 50W 4.0 lbs (Japanese Beetle & Hornets –
3-Day PHI for All Fruit)
August 15 8th Cover Spray
Early Apple Harvests
Late Peach Harvest
Captan 80WDG 4.0 lbs (0-day PHI; 1-day REI); or
Pristine 14.5 ozs (Pomes 0-day PHI)
September 1 9th Cover Spray
Apples and Pears Only
Captan 80WDG 4.0 lbs (0-day PHI; 1-day REI); or
Pristine 14.5 ozs (Pomes 0-day PHI)
Sevin 50W 4.0 lbs (Japanese Beetle & Hornets –
3-Day PHI for All Fruit)
September 15 - Trunk Bore Spray
Lorsban 4E 1.5 qts (Post Harvest for Borers)
HERBICIDES: [HRAC]
*RATE
NOTES
Gramoxone [22]
1.0 qts
Burndown, Directed Spray
Roundup [9]
1.0 qts
Burndown, Shielded & Directed Spray
Devrinol 50 DF [15]
4.0 lbs
Spring/Summer 35-day PHI
Princep 4L [5]
1.0 qts
Spring Dormant, Avoid High pH Soils
Solicam [12]
2.5 lbs
Spring/Fall Dormant, 1-yr Established
Goal [14] or Galigan [14] 2.0 pts
After Harvest to Spring Bud Swell
Aim [14] or Shark [14]
2.0 ozs
Directed Spray to Weeds, 3-day PHI
Matrix [2]
4.0 ozs
Late Spring, 1-yr Established
Prowl [3] or Surflan [3] 2.0 qts
Spring/ Summer, Prowl 60-day PHI
Poast [1]
1.5 pts
Summer Grasses, Variable PHI
Karmex [7] or Diuron [7] 1.6 qts
Spring/Fall Dormant, 3-yr Established
*Lowest Use Rate Recommended Initially
June 1 -
Organic Approach Substitutions:
Conventional Product
Organic Certified Product
Captan & Topsin-M
Rally
Listed Insecticides
Surround (?) or Sulfur or Lime Sulfur
Kaligreen (Powdery Mildew Eradicant)
Neem or Pyganic or Entrust (Stone
Fruits Only)
Agrimycin or Fixed Copper (Apples &
Pears Except During Bloom)
Scythe
Agrimycin
Gramoxone or Roundup
* Important Note: The calendar spray dates given are an average estimate
for Anne Arundel and Prince George’s County Orchards, and may vary by
location in Southern Maryland. Be sure to adjust your spray schedule
application dates accordingly. The above recommendations very closely
reflect the current spray program utilized at the University of Maryland
Research and Education Center, Upper Marlboro Facility for its research
orchards. Remember to always “Read the Label
R. David Myers
Extension Agent, Agriculture
Reviewed by Alan R. Biggs, Professors, Extension Pathologist, WVU
Spray Program for
Multi-Small Fruit Plantings
Many local farms are composed of multi-small fruit combinations producing
for fresh market blackberries, raspberries, blueberries, strawberries and
grapes. Aggressive fruit spray programs are required to achieve high quality
fruit. These multi-small fruit plantings create many spray management
challenges for the achievement of good pest control in accordance to label
guidelines.
Therefore, the following multi-small fruit spray program for the control of
major small fruit pests and diseases may offer some assistance:
Labeled as noted in 2012 for All Small Fruit – Strawberries, Brambles:
Blackberries, Raspberries, Blueberries, and Grapes.
FUNGICIDES: [FRAC]
*RATE
Lime Sulfur [M2]
10.0 gals
JMS Stylet Oil [NC]
1.0 gal
Kocide DF [M1]
2.0 lbs
Captan 50W [M4]
2.0 lbs
Ziram 76DF [M3]
5.0 lbs
(Except for Strawberry use Thiram )
Sulfur 95W [M2]
3.0 lbs
(Grape variety sensitivity)
Rally 40W [3]
4.0 ozs
(Except for blueberry use Tilt )
Pristine [7/11]
14.5 ozs
Elevate 50 WG [17]
Switch 62.5 WG [9/12]
1.5 lbs
11.0 ozs
Phostrol [33]
4.0 pts
INSECTICIDES: [IRAC]
Provado Admire [4A]
or Actara [4A]
Brigade WSB [3]
*RATE
4.0 ozs
NOTES
Dormant Fall Sanitizer
Apply Temp 35-85 F
Other Fixed Coppers
General Protectant
General Protectant
Powdery Mildew & Black Rot
Fruit Rots, Fruit Spots, Powdery
& Downy Mildew & Cane Blight
Botrytis & Powdery Mildew
Anthracnose, Mummy Berry,
Phomopsis, Sour Rot & Botrytis
Downy Mildew & Red Stele
Multi-Small Fruit Spray Calendar*
April 10 April 15 -
April 25 -
May 5 -
May 15 -
June 1 -
July 1-
July 15 -
General Protectant
NOTES
Grubs, Aphids, Hoppers &
Curculio
12.0 ozs
Clipper Beetle, Plant Bug, Mites
Root Weevil,
Malathion [1B]
2.0pts
Scale, Fruit Moths & Whitefly
Sevin 50W [1A]
4.0 lbs
Japanese Beetles,
Hornets & Sap Beetles
*Rate for 50-100gal Acre Concentrate Spray
**Be sure to follow all labels closely for PHI and REI!
March 5 -
June 15 -
Spring Dormant Spray
JMS Stylet Oil 1.0 gal (Scales & Mites)
Early Strawberry Bloom
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs
Thiram 75WDG 5.0 lbs (Strawberry Only)
Strawberry Bloom/ Blueberry Early Bloom
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs
Ziram 76DF 5.0 lbs (Except Strawberry)
Brigade WSB12.0 ozs (Clipper Beetle, 0-3-day PHI)
Strawberry Full bloom/Blueberry Mid-Bloom/ Grape
Bud Break
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs
Pristine 14.5 ozs
Brigade WSB12.0 ozs (Clipper Beetle, 0-3-day PHI)
Strawberry 1st Cover & Early Harvest Spray/
Blueberry Full Bloom/Grape & Bramble Shoot Growth
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs (0-3 Day PHI & 4-Day REI)
Elevate 1.5 lbs (0-day PHI)
Provado 4.5 ozs (Curculio & Aphids; 7-Day PHI)
Strawberry 2nd Cover & Harvest Spray/ Blueberry 1st
Cover/Grape Bloom Spray/Bramble Cane
Development
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs (0-3 Day PHI & 4-Day REI)
Switch 11.0 ozs (0-day PHI)
Malathion 2.0 pts (Curculio, Scale & Fruit Moths;
0-3-day PHI)
Strawberry 3rd Cover & Harvest Spray/Blueberry
2nd cover/Grape 1st Cover/Bramble Bloom
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs (0-3 Day PHI & 4-Day REI)
Pristine 14.5 ozs (0-day PHI)
Malathion 2.0 pts(Curculio, Scale & Fruit Moths;
0-3-day PHI)
August 1-
August 15 -
September 1 October 30
November 25
Strawberry 4th Cover & Harvest Spray/Blueberry
3rd Cover & Early Harvest/ Bramble 1st Cover/
Grape 2nd Cover
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs (0-3 Day PHI & 4-Day REI)
Elevate 1.5 lbs (0-day PHI)
Sevin 50W 4.0 lbs (sap beetle, 3-Day PHI)
Strawberry Renovation/Blueberry 4th Cover &
Harvest/ Bramble 2nd Cover & Early Harvest/
Grape 3rd Cover
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs (0-3 Day PHI & 4-Day REI)
Pristine 14.5 ozs (0-day PHI)
Rally 40 W 4.0 ozs (Except Blueberry, 0-day PHI))
Brigade WSB12.0 ozs (0-3-day PHI)
Strawberry Post Harvest/ Blueberry 5th Cover &
Harvest/ Bramble 3rd Cover & Harvest/
Grape 3rd Cover & Veraison
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs (0-3 Day PHI & 4-Day REI)
Switch 11.0 ozs (0-day PHI)
Sulfur 95W 3.0 lbs (0-day PHI)
or Kocide DF 2.0 lbs (0-day PHI)
Malathion 2.0 pts (0-3-day PHI)
Strawberry Post Harvest/ Blueberry 6th Cover &
Harvest/ Bramble 4th Cover & Harvest/
Grape 4th Cover & Early Harvest
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs (0-3 Day PHI & 4-Day REI)
Pristine 14.5 ozs (0-day PHI)
Sevin 50W 4.0 lbs (Japanese Beetle, 3-Day PHI)
Strawberry, Blueberry & Bramble Post Harvest/
Grape 5th Cover & Harvest
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs (0-3 Day PHI & 4-Day REI)
Elevate 1.5 lbs (0-day PHI)
Phostrol 4.0 pts (0-day PHI)
Sevin 50W 4.0 lbs (Hornets – 3-Day PHI for All Fruit)
Strawberry Post Harvest/ Grape 6th Cover &
Harvest
Captan 50W 2.0 lbs (0-3 Day PHI & 4-Day REI)
Phostrol 4.0 pts (0-day PHI)
Sevin 50W 4.0 lbs (Hornets – 3-Day PHI for All Fruit)
Fall Dormant
Lime Sulfur 10.0 gals
Kocide DF 2.0 lbs (0-day PHI)
HERBICIDES: [HRAC]
*RATE
NOTES
Gramoxone [22]
1.0 qts
Burndown, Directed Spray
Roundup [9]
1.0 qts
Burndown, Shielded & Directed Spray
Devrinol 50 DF [15]
4.0 lbs
Spring/Summer 35-day PHI
Princep 4L [5]
1.0 qts
Spring Dormant, Avoid High pH Soils
(Except strawberry)
Solicam [12]
2.5 lbs
Spring/Fall Dormant, 1-yr Established
(Except strawberry)
Aim [14] or Shark [14]
2.0 ozs
Directed Spray to Weeds, 3-day PHI
Surflan [3]
2.0 qts
Spring/ Summer, Once per Year
(Except strawberry)
Poast [1]
1.5 pts
Summer Grasses, Variable PHI
Sinbar [5]
4.0 ozs
Fall Dormant, 1-yr Established
*Lowest Use Rate Recommended Initially
Organic Approach Substitutions:
Conventional Product
Organic Certified Product
Captan
Rally
Listed Insecticides
Gramoxone or Roundup
Surround & Sulfur
Kaligreen (Powdery Mildew Eradicant)
Neem or Pyganic or Entrust or Dipel
Scythe
* Important Note: The calendar spray dates given are an average estimate
for Anne Arundel and Prince George’s County small fruit production, and
may vary by location in Southern Maryland. Be sure to adjust your spray
schedule application dates accordingly. The above recommendations very
closely reflect the current spray program utilized at the University of
Maryland Research and Education Center, Upper Marlboro Facility for its
research fruit plots. Remember to always “Read the Label”.
R. David Myers
Extension Agent, Agriculture