Chapter 38
Neuropharmacology
Terry D. Hexum, L. Charles Murrin and Eric M. Scholar
Questions
1.
Muscarinic receptor activation can be blocked by the presence of
a. neostigmine
b. nicotine
c. trimethaphan
d. botulinum toxin
e. atropine
2.
Botulinum toxin acts by
a. blocking Ca++ influx into cholinergic nerve endings
b. hydrolyzing the proteins required for docking of the synaptic vesicle with the presynaptic membrane
c. inhibiting choline uptake
d. inhibiting choline acetyltransferase
e. blocking nicotinic receptors
3.
The initial action by which cocaine increases heart rate is by
a. blocking the degradation of norepinephrine
b. increasing the release of norepinephrine
c. stimulating autonomic ganglia
d. stimulating α1 adrenergic receptors
e. preventing the reuptake of norepinephrine
4.
Dopamine synthesis is increased by activation of
a. dopamine β-hydroxylase
b. L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase
c. tyrosine hydroxylase
d. monoamine oxidase
e. choline acetyltransferase
5.
The effect of amphetamine on blood pressure will be blunted if an animal has first been treated with
a. reserpine
b. terbutaline
c. trimethaphan
d. physostigmine
e. botulinum toxin
6.
The ability of phenylephrine to increase vagal tone would be blunted in the presence of
a. propranolol
b. terbutaline
c. physostigmine
d. cocaine
e. prazosin
7.
The vasoconstrictive effect of norepinephrine on the movement of blood through a capillary bed will be
enhanced by the concurrent presence of
a. prazosin
b. metoprolol
c. isoproterenol
d. reserpine
e. cocaine
38. Neuro-Immuno Pharmacology
Terry D. Hexum, L. Charles Murrin and Eric M. Scholar
8.
Expression of mu and kappa opioid receptors has been found on
a. T cells
b. B cells
c. lymphocytes
d. peripheral blood mononuclear cells
e. all of the above
9.
The end result on immune system function of treatment with opioid drugs, such as morphine, is
a. depression of immune function
b. stimulation of immune function
c. increased phagocytic activity
d. decreased viral replication
e. decreased expression of MOP and KOP receptors
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10. A binding site (receptor) for both benzodiazepines and barbiturates can be found on the
a. mu opioid receptor
b. NMDA receptor
c. GABA-A receptor
d. peripheral benzodiazepine receptor
e. GABA-B receptor
11. Peripheral benzodiazepine receptors are found primarily
a. at synapses with GABA-A receptors
b. as heterodimers with opioid receptors
c. in the CNS, a paradox
d. on mitochondrial membranes
e. on macrophages
12. A common factor in the proposed mechanisms of action for general anesthetics is
a. a reduction in postsynaptic excitability
b. increased activity at excitatory neurotransmitters synapses
c. perturbation of the physical properties of cellular membranes
d. increased sympathetic nervous system activity
e. blockade of chloride channel function
13. Current research makes it clear that the opioids, sedative-hypnotic agents, and general anesthetics, as
used clinically, have a major impact on immune system function
True/False
14. Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of the interferons?
a. selectively stimulate T lymphocytes
b. bind to specific cellular receptors resulting in inhibition of proliferation
c. bind to cyclophilin with resulting inhibition of NFAT translocation to the nucleus
d. inhibit T cell DNA polymerase
e. are antimetabolites and are incorporated into DNA
15. A rapid decrease in the number of lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils best describes the mechanism
of action of
a. basiliximab
b. mycophenolate mofetil
c. tacrolimus
d. corticosteroids
e. immunoglobulin
38. Neuro-Immuno Pharmacology
Terry D. Hexum, L. Charles Murrin and Eric M. Scholar
16. Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of cyclosporine? It
a. binds to and inhibits m-TOR
b. increases apoptosis of T lymphocytes
c. binds to cyclophilin and inhibits calcineurin
d. binds to steroid nuclear receptors
e. inhibits tyrosine kinase phosphorylation of certain G protein coupled receptors
17. The major clinical use for muromonab-CD3 is
a. acute leukemia
b. rheumatoid arthritis
c. renal cancer
d. HIV infections
e. to prevent transplant rejection
18. Sirolimus, in contrast to tacrolimus
a. is used in cancer chemotherapy
b. is a purine antimetabolite
c. binds to steroid nuclear receptors
d. does not inhibit calcineurin
e. inhibits reverse transcriptase
19. Infliximab is
a. an antibody against the CD3 receptor
b. a humanized anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody
c. a polyclonal antibody
d. a monoclonal antibody to the HER2 oncogene
e. an inhibitor of calcineurin
20. Name three clinical uses for IGIV.
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38. Neuro-Immuno Pharmacology
Terry D. Hexum, L. Charles Murrin and Eric M. Scholar
Answers
1.
e
2.
b
3.
e
4.
c
5.
a
6.
e
7.
e
8.
e
9.
a
10.
c
11.
d
12.
a
13.
False
14.
b
15.
d
16.
c
17.
e
18.
d
19.
b
20.
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
multiple myeloma
hepatitis A prophylaxis
immunomodulatory
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