Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: MPG09344-010 / Leadership and Organisation
: 2005
: versi/revisi 0
Pertemuan 24
Developing Leadership Skills
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Learning Outcomes
After studying this chapter students should be able to:
• Understand the importance of leadership training and development
in organisations.
• Understand how to use coaching, mentoring, action learning, special
assignments, simulations, and 360-degree feedback.
• Understand the benefits and limitations of the primary methods for
leadership training and development.
• Understand the findings in research conducted to evaluate the
methods.
• Understand the organisational conditions that facilitate leadership
training and development.
• Understand what leaders can do to encourage and facilitate the
leadership development of their subordinates.
• Understand what leaders can do to develop their own skills.
• Understand why leader development should be integrated with
human resource management and strategic planning.
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Outline Materi
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Leadership Training Programs
Designing Effective Training
Special Techniques for Leadership Training
Learning from Experience
Developmental Activities
Self-Help Activities
Facilitating Conditions for Leadership Development
A System Perspective on Leadership Development
Summary
Review and Discussion Questions
Cases
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Developing Leadership Skills
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Leadership Development
• Three different forms of leadership
development have been identified:
– Formal training
– Developmental activities
– Self-help activities
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Leadership Training Programs
• To improve leadership in organizations
• Usually designed more for lower- and
middle- level managers than for top
management
– Short workshops
– Comprehensive programs
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Tom Stevens’ leadership
development processes help
leaders accelerate five dimensions
of leadership:
•The role of being in charge
•The role of expert or professional
•The act of leading
•The art of managing
•Personality, personal strength, and
character
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Designing effective training
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Clear learning objectives
Clear, meaningful content
Appropriate sequencing of content
Appropriate mix of training methods
Opportunity for active practice
Relevant, timely feedback
Enhancement of trainee self-confidence
Appropriate follow-up activities
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Special techniques for leadership training
• Behavior role modeling
– Demonstration
– Role playing
• Case discussion
– Description of events in an organization
• Business games and simulations
– Analyzing complex problems and make
decisions
– Receiving feedback about what happened as
a result of their decisions
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Learning from experience
• Amount of challenge
– Unusual problems to solve
– Difficult obstacles to overcome
– Risky decisions to make
• Variety of tasks or assignment
– Diverse job experiences require managers to
adapt to new situations and deal with new
types of problems
• Relevant feedback
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Developmental Activities
• Multisource feedback
Ratings by
bosses
Ratings by
peers
Leader
Self-Ratings
Ratings by
subordinates
Ratings by
outsiders
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Developmental assessment centers
Developmental assignments
Job rotation programs
Action learning
Mentoring
Executive coaching
Outdoor challenge programs
Personal growth programs
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• Self-Help Activities
– Guidelines for self-development of Leadership
Skills
• Facilitating conditions for leadership
development
– Support by the boss
• Before the training
• After the training
– Learning climate
– Developmental criteria for placement
decisions
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A systems perspective on leadership
development
• Relationship among approaches
– Learning acquired from one approach can
facilitate or enhance learning from the other
approaches
• Integrating developmental activities
– In most organization there is little integration
of leadership training and development
activities with each other or with related
human resources practices such as
performance appraisal, career counseling,
and succession planning
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Formal
training
Self-help
activities
Developmental
activities
Three ways to acquire Leadership Competencies
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Closing
• Summary
– Training of leadership skills
– Learning from experience
– Developmental techniques
– Developmental activities
– Leadership development should be
consistent with an organization’s
strategic objectives
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• Review and Discussion Questions
• Cases
– Federated Industries
• Companion Website : Exercises and
Reading
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